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<p>Anybody who is not in education or training and not in employment is considered
to be NEET. Consequently, a person identified as NEET will always be either unemployed
or economically inactive. The number of young people aged 16 to 18 NEET is therefore
hard to measure, due to needing multiple data sources spanning education and the labour
market.</p><p>The department’s most robust estimate of those aged 16 to 18 NEET in
England combines departmental administrative data and the labour force survey, and
is published in the national statistics release ‘Participation in education, training
and employment age 16 to 18’. Latest data to the end of 2021 can be found here: <a
href="https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/participation-in-education-and-training-and-employment/2021"
target="_blank">https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/participation-in-education-and-training-and-employment/2021</a>.
The next update of this release which includes estimates of those NEET to the end
of 2022 will be published by July 2023.</p><p>The table below shows NEET numbers and
rates; rates should also be considered due to the changes in overall population numbers:</p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>Participation
release estimates age 16-18</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2017</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2018</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2019</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2020</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2021</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Population</p></td><td><p>1,874,681</p></td><td><p>1,838,361</p></td><td><p>1,836,771</p></td><td><p>1,861,438</p></td><td><p>1,913,867</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Number
NEET</p></td><td><p>120,864</p></td><td><p>120,512</p></td><td><p>122,997</p></td><td><p>124,702</p></td><td><p>123,016</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>%
NEET</p></td><td><p>6.4%</p></td><td><p>6.6%</p></td><td><p>6.7%</p></td><td><p>6.7%</p></td><td><p>6.4%</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p>In
addition to these national statistics, the department has also published more timely
NEET estimates from the labour force survey (LFS), with data to the end of 2022 being
published on 2 March 2023. As this is survey data, associated confidence intervals
(CIs)[1] should be used alongside the estimates, and these statistics should be used
to see the latest trends in NEET rates. Caution should be used if considering in-year
changes. The following table gives these estimates:</p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>LFS
estimates age 16-18</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2017</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2018</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2019</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2020</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2021</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2022</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Population</p></td><td><p>1,787,830</p></td><td><p>1,780,877</p></td><td><p>1,781,276</p></td><td><p>1,797,325</p></td><td><p>1,820,422</p></td><td><p>1,857,517</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Number
NEET</p></td><td><p>111,418</p></td><td><p>124,410</p></td><td><p>133,297</p></td><td><p>108,232</p></td><td><p>85,470</p></td><td><p>151,851</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>CI
number NEET</p></td><td><p>+/-17,640</p></td><td><p>+/-18,745</p></td><td><p>+/-20,196</p></td><td><p>+/-19,537</p></td><td><p>+/-16,988</p></td><td><p>+/-26,480</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>%
NEET</p></td><td><p>6.2%</p></td><td><p>7.0%</p></td><td><p>7.5%</p></td><td><p>6.0%</p></td><td><p>4.7%</p></td><td><p>8.2%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>CI
% NEET</p></td><td><p>+/-1.0%</p></td><td><p>+/-1.1%</p></td><td><p>+/-1.1%</p></td><td><p>+/-1.1%</p></td><td><p>+/-0.9%</p></td><td><p>+/-1.4%</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Neither
of the above sources provide robust estimates of NEET at city level, due to the methodologies
or restrictions in sample sizes. However, as part of the raising participation age
legislation, local authorities are tracking young people’s participation in education
and training up to age 17. This information[2] is published annually at the following
link: <a href="https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/participation-in-education-training-and-neet-age-16-to-17-by-local-authority/2021-22"
target="_blank">https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/participation-in-education-training-and-neet-age-16-to-17-by-local-authority/2021-22</a>.
Below is a summary table which shows, to the end of 2022, the number of 16 to 17 year
olds in each of the local authorities aligning with the core cities in England, and
the number of those known to be NEET or who’s activity is not known.</p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>Local
authority</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Cohort number </strong> <strong>(age 16-17)</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Number
NEET/activity not known </strong> <strong>(age 16-17)</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Proportion
NEET/activity not known </strong> <strong>(age 16-17)</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Newcastle
upon Tyne</p></td><td><p>5,767</p></td><td><p>390</p></td><td><p>6.8%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Liverpool</p></td><td><p>9,923</p></td><td><p>752</p></td><td><p>7.6%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Manchester</p></td><td><p>12,553</p></td><td><p>705</p></td><td><p>5.6%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Leeds</p></td><td><p>17,424</p></td><td><p>1,356</p></td><td><p>7.8%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sheffield</p></td><td><p>12,172</p></td><td><p>834</p></td><td><p>6.8%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Nottingham</p></td><td><p>6,595</p></td><td><p>309</p></td><td><p>4.7%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Birmingham</p></td><td><p>31,660</p></td><td><p>2,085</p></td><td><p>6.6%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Bristol,
City of</p></td><td><p>8,934</p></td><td><p>537</p></td><td><p>6.0%</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p>
</p><p>For further information on the sources above and methodological differences
between them, please see the ‘Other NEET sources’ section at: <a href="https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/neet-statistics-annual-brief"
target="_blank">https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/neet-statistics-annual-brief</a>.</p><p>[1]
Surveys, such as the LFS, provide estimates of population characteristics rather than
exact measures. In principle, many random samples could be drawn, and each would give
different results, since each sample would be made up of different people, who would
give different answers to the questions asked. The spread of these results is the
sampling variability, which generally reduces with increasing sample size. For example,
with a 95% confidence interval, it is expected that in 95% of the survey samples,
the resulting confidence interval will contain the true value that would be obtained
by surveying the whole population.</p><p>[2] Some caution should be taken if using
these figures due to the estimates being based on management information and there
being considerable variation at local authority level in how well 16 and 17 year olds
are tracked and hence not known proportions can impact on the estimates of the proportion
NEET.</p><p> </p>
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