{ "format" : "linked-data-api", "version" : "0.2", "result" : {"_about" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?dateTabled=2018-11-06&writtenParliamentaryQuestionType=Ordinary&max-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2018-11-19T13%3A19%3A09.877Z", "definition" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/meta/answeredquestions.text?dateTabled=2018-11-06&writtenParliamentaryQuestionType=Ordinary&max-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2018-11-19T13%3A19%3A09.877Z", "extendedMetadataVersion" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?dateTabled=2018-11-06&_metadata=all&writtenParliamentaryQuestionType=Ordinary&max-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2018-11-19T13%3A19%3A09.877Z", "first" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?_page=0&dateTabled=2018-11-06&writtenParliamentaryQuestionType=Ordinary&max-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2018-11-19T13%3A19%3A09.877Z", "hasPart" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?dateTabled=2018-11-06&writtenParliamentaryQuestionType=Ordinary&max-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2018-11-19T13%3A19%3A09.877Z", "isPartOf" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?dateTabled=2018-11-06&writtenParliamentaryQuestionType=Ordinary&max-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2018-11-19T13%3A19%3A09.877Z", "items" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002465", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Work and Pensions"} ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002465/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "

The information requested is not readily available and to provide it would incur disproportionate cost.<\/p>"} , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3349", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Buscombe"} } , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Buscombe"} , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-11-14", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "groupedQuestionUIN" : [{"_value" : "HL11307"} , {"_value" : "HL11308"} ], "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-11-14T17:26:29.297Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} ]} , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "29"} , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"} , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"} , "date" : {"_value" : "2018-11-06", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Widowed Parent's Allowance"} , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"} , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"} } ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty's Government how many families with children in full-time education, with a deceased parent, received Widowed Parents Allowance in the tax years (1) 2011\u201312, (2) 2012\u201313, (3) 2014\u201315, and (4) 2015\u201316.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4533", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Altmann"} } , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Altmann"} ], "uin" : "HL11306"} , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002466", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Work and Pensions"} ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002466/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "

The information requested is not readily available and to provide it would incur disproportionate cost.<\/p>"} , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3349", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Buscombe"} } , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Buscombe"} , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-11-14", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "groupedQuestionUIN" : [{"_value" : "HL11306"} , {"_value" : "HL11308"} ], "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-11-14T17:26:29.33Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} ]} , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "29"} , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"} , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"} , "date" : {"_value" : "2018-11-06", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Bereavement Benefits"} , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"} , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"} } ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty's Government how many families which children in full-time education, with a deceased parent, received bereavement benefit payments in the tax years (1) 2016\u201317, and (2) 2017\u201318.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4533", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Altmann"} } , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Altmann"} ], "uin" : "HL11307"} , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002467", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Work and Pensions"} ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002467/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "

The information requested is not readily available and to provide it would incur disproportionate cost.<\/p>"} , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3349", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Buscombe"} } , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Buscombe"} , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-11-14", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "groupedQuestionUIN" : [{"_value" : "HL11306"} , {"_value" : "HL11307"} ], "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-11-14T17:26:29.36Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} ]} , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "29"} , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"} , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"} , "date" : {"_value" : "2018-11-06", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Bereavement Benefits"} , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"} , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"} } ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty's Government how many families with children in full-time education, with a deceased parent, they estimate will receive bereavement benefit payments in the tax years (1) 2018\u201319, (2) 2019\u201320, (3) 2020\u201321, and (4) 2021\u201322.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4533", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Altmann"} } , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Altmann"} ], "uin" : "HL11308"} , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002469", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Home Office"} ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002469/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "

The available published information on the total number of citizenship applications and grants is published as part of the quarterly Immigration Statistics, Citizenship tables, latest edition available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/immigration-statistics-year-ending-june-2018/list-of-tables#citizenship<\/a><\/p>

<\/p>

The table below provides figures for all registration applications (entitlement and discretionary) in the last 3 calendar years.<\/p>

<\/p>

British citizenship applications by broad type<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr>

Year<\/p><\/td>

Applications for British
citizenship<\/p><\/td>

Of which: Applications for registration<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

2015<\/p><\/td>

150,767<\/p><\/td>

42,968<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

2016<\/p><\/td>

130,995<\/p><\/td>

41,158<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

2017<\/p><\/td>

141,794<\/p><\/td>

41,905<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

Source: Home Office, Migration Border Analysis.<\/p><\/td><\/tr>

Immigration Statistics year to June 2018 - table cz_01_q.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

<\/p>

Applications for British citizenship by the applicant\u2019s age are not routinely published.<\/p>"} , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4311", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Williams of Trafford"} } , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Williams of Trafford"} , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-11-16", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-11-16T11:34:29.41Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} ]} , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "1"} , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"} , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"} , "date" : {"_value" : "2018-11-06", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "British Nationality: Children"} , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"} , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"} } ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty's Government how many applications for children to register their entitlement to British citizenship there have been in each of the last three years; and of those, how many have received a waiver of the fee.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/452", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Lord Bradley"} } , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Lord Bradley"} ], "uin" : "HL11310"} , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002480", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Education"} ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002480/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "

\u200bThe department will be consulting on the impact that these costs will impose on all institutions covered by the Teachers\u2019 Pension Scheme, including those in the higher education (HE) sector, and will decide what action should be taken.<\/p>

At present, the department proposes to provide funding to schools, including state-funded, non-maintained special schools and independent special schools to cover increased pensions costs to ensure that funding is allocated where it is most needed.<\/p>

\u200bThis includes proposed funding for those further education (FE) providers obliged to offer the Teachers\u2019 Pension Scheme, consisting of general FE colleges, sixth form colleges, designated institutions (including the new designated institutions that form part of HE institution group structures), specialist post-16 institutions and adult & community learning providers (local authority provision).<\/p>"} , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4169", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Viscount Younger of Leckie"} } , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Viscount Younger of Leckie"} , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-11-15", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-11-15T16:17:49.297Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} ]} , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "60"} , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Education"} , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Education"} , "date" : {"_value" : "2018-11-06", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Higher Education: Pensions"} , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"} , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"} } ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty's Government what level of funding they intend to make available to higher education institutions to mitigate the impact of changes to employer contributions on the Teachers\u2019 Pension Scheme.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3842", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Garden of Frognal"} } , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Garden of Frognal"} ], "uin" : "HL11321"} , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002481", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Education"} ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002481/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "

For the financial year 2019-20, the changes will be implemented from 1 September 2019 for which the department estimates that £1.1 billion more will need to be put into the Teachers\u2019 Pension Scheme by employers to ensure teachers\u2019 pensions remain generous and attractive to the profession. Of the estimated £1.1 billion, affected higher education institutions are expected to put in £80 million.<\/p>"} , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4169", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Viscount Younger of Leckie"} } , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Viscount Younger of Leckie"} , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-11-15", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-11-15T15:27:34.927Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} ]} , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "60"} , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Education"} , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Education"} , "date" : {"_value" : "2018-11-06", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Higher Education: Pensions"} , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"} , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"} } ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty's Government whether they anticipate an increase in employer contributions for higher education institutions on the Teachers\u2019 Pension Scheme following changes to actuarial valuations in 2019\u201320; and if so, what estimate they have made of the amount such an increase will represent.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3842", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Garden of Frognal"} } , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Garden of Frognal"} ], "uin" : "HL11322"} , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002484", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"} ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002484/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "

The National Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management Strategy (attached) sets out the different roles and responsibilities of public and private bodies in flood and coastal erosion risk management in England.<\/p>

<\/p>

<\/p>

<\/p>

Defra leads on the development of flood and coastal erosion risk management policy on behalf of the Government.<\/p>

<\/p>

<\/p>

<\/p>

The Environment Agency has a strategic overview of the management of all sources of flooding and coastal erosion, details of which can be found in the Strategy. It reports to the Minister annually about flood and coastal erosion risk management; the main reporting responsibilities are set out in Annex 2 of the Strategy. The latest report is attached.<\/p>

<\/p>"} , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4161", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Lord Gardiner of Kimble"} } , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Lord Gardiner of Kimble"} , "attachment" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002484/answer/attachment/1", "fileName" : {"_value" : "National Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management Strategy.pdf"} , "title" : "National Flood & Coastal Erosion Risk Management"} , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002484/answer/attachment/2", "fileName" : {"_value" : "Managing flood and coastal erosion risk in England.pdf"} , "title" : "Managing flood & coastal erosion risks in England"} ], "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-11-12", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-11-12T14:54:08.183Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} ]} , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"} , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"} , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"} , "date" : {"_value" : "2018-11-06", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Flood Control"} , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"} , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"} } ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty's Government, further to the Written Answer by Lord Gardiner of Kimble on 22 October (HL10505), who is responsible for the coordination of the various bodies listed as involved in the mitigation of flood risk; and how is the performance of that responsible body assessed.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1137", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Lord Patten"} } , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Lord Patten"} ], "uin" : "HL11325"} , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002486", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Home Office"} ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002486/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "

As Lord Ahmad explained in his response of 25 October, the FCO\u2019s advice is aimed at British nationals who may be planning to travel to particular countries. In the case of asylum seekers, the Home Office considers whether it would be a breach of our international obligations to require a national of, or a person entitled to reside in, one of those countries to return there.<\/p>

We would only seek to return someone if the Home Office and the courts had considered the individual facts of a case and concluded that it would not be a breach of those obligations.<\/p>"} , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4311", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Williams of Trafford"} } , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Williams of Trafford"} , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-11-16", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-11-16T11:33:59.017Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} ]} , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "1"} , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"} , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"} , "date" : {"_value" : "2018-11-06", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Asylum: Deportation"} , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"} , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"} } ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty's Government further to the Written Answer by Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon on 25 October (HL10690), why they deport failed asylum seekers to Somalia, Afghanistan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which they have advised are too dangerous for \"all travel\" by British citizens.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3691", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Lord Roberts of Llandudno"} } , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Lord Roberts of Llandudno"} ], "uin" : "HL11327"} , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002495", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"} ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002495/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "

The Government is committed to tackling fly-tipping. In recent years we have ensured that local authorities have the necessary powers to tackle fly-tipping. We have given local authorities the power to issue fixed penalty notices for small scale fly-tipping and enhanced local authorities\u2019 and the Environment Agency\u2019s ability to search and seize the vehicles of suspected fly-tippers.<\/p>

<\/p>

<\/p>

<\/p>

Earlier this year we also consulted on giving local authorities and the Environment Agency the power to issue fixed penalty notices to householders who fail in their duty of care and pass their waste to fly-tippers. A further announcement will follow later this year. We will also support local authorities in raising householders\u2019 awareness of their duty of care and update the Waste Duty of Care Code of Practice to inform householders better about how to ensure their waste is disposed of properly.<\/p>

<\/p>

<\/p>

<\/p>

As part of the Government\u2019s Resource and Waste Strategy (due to be published before the end of the year), we are developing a strategic approach to waste crime. This will include further measures to tackle fly-tipping, including enhancing local-level partnership working and working with the court system to strengthen sentences to act as an effective deterrent.<\/p>

<\/p>

<\/p>

<\/p>

Defra annually publishes fly-tipping statistics for England. The statistics for 2016/17 showed local authorities dealt with 1,002,000 fly-tipping incidents. The statistics for 2017/18 will be published on Thursday 15 November.<\/p>

<\/p>"} , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4161", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Lord Gardiner of Kimble"} } , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Lord Gardiner of Kimble"} , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-11-12", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-11-12T17:53:10.377Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} ]} , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"} , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"} , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"} , "date" : {"_value" : "2018-11-06", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Fly-tipping"} , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"} , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"} } ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty's Government what is their assessment of the progress made to date in combatting fly tipping.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/2147", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for The Earl of Shrewsbury"} } , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "The Earl of Shrewsbury"} ], "uin" : "HL11336"} , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002496", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport"} ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1002496/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "

We do not hold specific statistics for Central London, but the thinkbroadband website states that in London 97% of both residential and business premises have access to a superfast service.<\/p>

<\/p>

DCMS has made superfast broadband available to more than 95% of the country through its Superfast programme, and at least a further 2% is likely to be achieved. Of which, 340,000 premises (over 1% of premises) are contracted to be delivered by March 2019.<\/p>

<\/p>

However where the government can intervene in the marketplace is determined by State Aid rules which are designed to avoid distortions in functioning markets. This means that in the majority of urban areas \u2013 including Central London \u2013 where there is competition between suppliers, the government is unable to invest in broadband. These commercial areas were identified during the planning phases of superfast broadband projects. The reason for this approach was to avoid investing scarce public funds in an area that were going to get superfast connections through commercial arrangements and/or to avoid public investment distorting the normal functioning of a competitive broadband market.<\/p>

<\/p>

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