{ "format" : "linked-data-api", "version" : "0.2", "result" : {"_about" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?max-date=2016-04-26&creator.label=Biography+information+for+Baroness+Falkner+of+Margravine&max-answer.dateOfAnswer=2018-11-20", "definition" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/meta/answeredquestions.text?max-date=2016-04-26&creator.label=Biography+information+for+Baroness+Falkner+of+Margravine&max-answer.dateOfAnswer=2018-11-20", "extendedMetadataVersion" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?max-date=2016-04-26&_metadata=all&creator.label=Biography+information+for+Baroness+Falkner+of+Margravine&max-answer.dateOfAnswer=2018-11-20", "first" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?_page=0&max-date=2016-04-26&creator.label=Biography+information+for+Baroness+Falkner+of+Margravine&max-answer.dateOfAnswer=2018-11-20", "hasPart" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?max-date=2016-04-26&creator.label=Biography+information+for+Baroness+Falkner+of+Margravine&max-answer.dateOfAnswer=2018-11-20", "isPartOf" : "https://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?max-date=2016-04-26&creator.label=Biography+information+for+Baroness+Falkner+of+Margravine&max-answer.dateOfAnswer=2018-11-20", "items" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/439762", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Transport"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/439762/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The Government is committed to taking action on vehicle emissions testing that restores consumer confidence and delivers our wider air quality and climate objectives. We strongly support the current Real Driving Emissions agreement, which is expected to significantly reduce average real world NOx emissions from new diesel cars from 2017. It makes type approval requirements for diesel vehicles significantly more stringent by requiring manufacturers to ensure real-world emissions are maintained below 2.1 times the laboratory-testing limit in 2017 and at or below the laboratory-testing limit by 2020 (with a margin for measurement uncertainty). Issues relating to vehicle emissions are considered in the context of the UK Government\u2019s plans for air quality. More detail is set out in the air quality plans published by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs on the 17<sup>th<\/sup> December.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4210", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2016-01-07", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2016-01-07T12:42:17.067Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "27"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Transport"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Transport"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-12-22", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Motor Vehicles: Exhaust Emissions"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty\u2019s Government, in making their decision about how to vote on the implementation of real driving emissions tests at the 28 October meeting of the Technical Committee on Motor Vehicles, whether they took into account (1) estimates from DEFRA and Public Health England that pollution from mono-nitrogen oxides is responsible for 23,500 premature deaths in the UK per annum, (2) the 2010 estimates from the WHO suggesting that air-pollution related deaths cost the UK $83,069 per annum, (3) the failure of London, Leeds, and Birmingham to maintain nitrogen dioxide levels within legal limits over the past five years, and (4) the Supreme Court\u2019s ruling in <i>R (on the application of ClientEarth) v Secretary of State for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs <\/i>[2015] UKSC 28 on 29 April that they should take immediate action to tackle air pollution.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3670", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      ], "uin" : "HL4815"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/439763", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Transport"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/439763/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<br /><p>The Government is committed to taking action on vehicle emissions testing that restores consumer confidence and delivers our wider air quality and climate objectives. We strongly support the current Real Driving Emissions agreement, which is expected to significantly reduce average real world NOx emissions from new diesel cars from 2017. It makes type approval requirements for diesel vehicles significantly more stringent by requiring manufacturers to ensure real-world emissions are maintained below 2.1 times the laboratory-testing limit in 2017 and at or below the laboratory-testing limit by 2020 (with a margin for measurement uncertainty). Issues relating to vehicle emissions are considered in the context of the UK Government\u2019s plans for air quality. More detail is set out in the air quality plans published by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs on the 17<sup>th<\/sup> December.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4210", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2016-01-07", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2016-01-07T12:38:29.57Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "27"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Transport"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Transport"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-12-22", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Motor Vehicles: Exhaust Emissions"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty\u2019s Government, in the light of the failure of London, Leeds, and Birmingham to maintain nitrogen dioxide levels within legal limits over the past five years, what assessment they have made of whether relaxing emissions standards for cars is compatible with public health and legal requirements to control urban pollution.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3670", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      ], "uin" : "HL4816"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/439764", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Transport"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/439764/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The Government did not respond to the findings of the ICCT. This research confirmed the importance of ongoing work by Department for Transport officials on the development of a new European regulation to address issues around real world driving emissions.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4210", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2016-01-07", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2016-01-07T12:37:35.81Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "27"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Transport"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Transport"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-12-22", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Motor Vehicles: Exhaust Emissions"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty\u2019s Government what response they made to the October 2014 findings by the International Council on Clean Transportation that some vehicles were producing emissions at seven times the legal limit.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3670", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      ], "uin" : "HL4817"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/419701", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/419701/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The UK supports the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)\u2019s Open Door policy and welcomes the membership aspirations of all countries currently seeking to join the Alliance. Allies declared at the NATO Summit in Bucharest in 2008 that Georgia will one day become a member of NATO. Georgia is a highly valued partner of NATO. Georgia co-operates with NATO through a number of mechanisms which provide Allies with on-going assessments of Georgia\u2019s progress. In 2008, the NATO-Georgia Commission was established to serve as a forum for political consultations and practical co-operation to help Georgia achieve its goal of membership of NATO. At the NATO Summit in Wales, the Alliance also agreed a \u2018Substantial Package\u2019 of support for Georgia to strengthen defence capabilities, and interoperability with the Alliance, and provide a new \u201cenhanced partnership\u201d status. Separately Allies agreed to establish Defence Capacity Building Missions in Georgia and Moldova. The UK has contributed £1,750,000 to a new Trust Fund to help facilitate these. Allies will next assess Georgia\u2019s progress in advance of the next NATO Foreign Ministers meeting on 2 December.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3474", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Anelay of St Johns"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Anelay of St Johns"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2015-10-15", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2015-10-15T16:04:53.393Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "16"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-10-05", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Georgia: NATO Enlargement"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty\u2019s Government whether they have made an assessment of Georgia\u2019s suitability to become a member of NATO.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3670", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      ], "uin" : "HL2404"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/419702", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/419702/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The UK continues to be concerned by ongoing reports of Russian supported borderisation (building fences and putting up \u201cborder\u201d signs) along the Administrative Boundary Line with the breakaway regions of South Ossetia and Abkhazia. A recent example occurred in July 2015 when so-called border signs were moved closer to the South Ossetian Administrative Boundary Line. Regular reporting by the EU Monitoring Mission in Georgia provides valuable updates on the constant, low-level borderisation process by Russian and South Ossetian personnel.<\/p><p>The UK has a clear policy of non recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia\u2019s claims to independence, and recognises Georgia\u2019s territorial integrity and its sovereignty over these two regions. We reject any actions which will increase tensions and the isolation in communities living along the Administrative Boundary Lines and call on Russia to fulfil all of its 2008 ceasefire commitments, including removing its troops from South Ossetia to pre-conflict positions.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3474", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Anelay of St Johns"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Anelay of St Johns"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2015-10-15", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2015-10-15T16:05:47.54Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "16"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-10-05", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Georgia: Russia"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty\u2019s Government what is their assessment of recent reports of creeping annexation of Georgian territory by Russia.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3670", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      ], "uin" : "HL2405"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/419703", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/419703/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "There have been no official discussions with the Government of Spain regarding a referendum on Catalonian independence since Catalonia\u2019s regional election on 27 September."}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3474", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Anelay of St Johns"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Anelay of St Johns"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2015-10-15", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2015-10-15T16:12:43.647Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "16"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-10-05", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Catalonia: Sovereignty"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty\u2019s Government what discussions have taken place at a senior level with the government of Spain regarding a referendum on Catalonian independence, following the regional elections on 27 September.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3670", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      ], "uin" : "HL2406"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/174939", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Energy and Climate Change"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/174939/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>This is a commercial dispute in which the UK Government has no involvement. It is not for us to comment.<\/p><p> <\/p><p> <\/p><p> <\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3790", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Verma"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Verma"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2015-02-03", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2015-02-03T15:58:01.097Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "63"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Energy and Climate Change"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Energy and Climate Change"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-01-21", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Yukos"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty\u2019s Government what assessment they have made of the Permanent Court of Arbitration's $50 billion ruling in July 2014 in favour of GML Ltd, the former majority shareholders of Yukos, against Russia.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3670", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      ], "uin" : "HL4318"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/174940", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Energy and Climate Change"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/174940/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>A key provision of the Energy Charter Treaty lies in the protection it offers to foreign energy investments. It protects foreign investors against non-commercial risks such as discriminatory treatment, direct or indirect expropriation, or the breach of individual investment contracts. It is the only multilateral Treaty providing legally binding cover for energy investment related matters. There is evidence of over sixty known investor-state disputes based on the provisions of the Treaty.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3790", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Verma"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Verma"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2015-01-28", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2015-01-28T14:31:57.233Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "63"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Energy and Climate Change"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Energy and Climate Change"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-01-21", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Energy Charter Treaty"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty\u2019s Government what assessment they have made of the effectiveness of the Energy Charter Treaty.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3670", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      ], "uin" : "HL4319"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/174941", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/174941/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>Russia\u2019s actions in Crimea and the east of Ukraine are a violation of Ukraine\u2019s sovereignty and territorial integrity and are in direct contravention of international law, including the UN Charter. We are also concerned by Russia\u2019s selective application of human rights conventions, such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. These ongoing violations demonstrate Russia\u2019s disregard for international law.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3474", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Anelay of St Johns"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Anelay of St Johns"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2015-01-29", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2015-01-29T13:57:57.283Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "16"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Foreign and Commonwealth Office"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-01-21", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Russia"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty\u2019s Government what assessment they have made of Russia's commitment to international law and conventions.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3670", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Falkner of Margravine"}
      ], "uin" : "HL4320"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/174942", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Business, Innovation and Skills"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/174942/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The effectiveness of individual Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) provisions depends upon the specific terms of the relevant investment protection treaty, of which there are over 3000 in force worldwide. Over the life of all these agreements investors have filed over 560 claims. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), by the end of 2012, of concluded arbitration cases, 32% had found in favour of the claimant, 41% in favour of the state and 26% were settled. In the absence of any protections provided by an investment treaty and ISDS provisions, foreign investors would, in many of these cases, have had no equivalent legal mechanism through which to have their claim considered objectively by an independent judicial body.<\/p><p> <\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4278", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Lord Livingston of Parkhead"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Lord Livingston of Parkhead"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2015-02-04", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2015-02-04T15:58:28.617Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "26"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Business, Innovation and Skills"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Business, Innovation and Skills"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-01-21", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Investment: Treaties"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty\u2019s Government what assessment they have made of the effectiveness of international investor-state dispute settlement mechanisms.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
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