Year<\/strong> (April \u2013 March)<\/strong><\/p><\/td>(a) Directly<\/strong><\/p><\/td>(b) Contracted Basis<\/strong><\/p><\/td>Total<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr>Employees<\/strong><\/p><\/td>Environment Agency Staff<\/strong><\/p><\/td>Contractors<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr>2010/11<\/p><\/td> | 11,690<\/p><\/td> | 217<\/p><\/td> | 135<\/p><\/td> | 12,042<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | 2011/12<\/p><\/td> | 11,471<\/p><\/td> | 554<\/p><\/td> | 142<\/p><\/td> | 12,167<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | 2012/13<\/p><\/td> | 12,295<\/p><\/td> | 542<\/p><\/td> | 241<\/p><\/td> | 13,078<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | 2013/14<\/p><\/td> | 10,758<\/p><\/td> | 225<\/p><\/td> | 119<\/p><\/td> | 11,102 1<\/sup><\/p><\/td><\/tr>2014/15<\/p><\/td> | 10,248<\/p><\/td> | 357<\/p><\/td> | 158<\/p><\/td> | 10,763<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | 2015/16<\/p><\/td> | 10,249<\/p><\/td> | 283<\/p><\/td> | 406<\/p><\/td> | 10,938<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | 2016/17<\/p><\/td> | 10,706<\/p><\/td> | 190<\/p><\/td> | 639<\/p><\/td> | 11,535 2<\/sup><\/p><\/td><\/tr>2017/18<\/p><\/td> | 10,019<\/p><\/td> | 231<\/p><\/td> | 336<\/p><\/td> | 10,586 3<\/sup><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table> <\/p> 1 <\/sup>Creation of Natural Resources Wales, 1 April 2013.<\/p> <\/p> 2 <\/sup>Digital, Data and Technology Services requirement increased resulting in higher use of contractors. Recruitment into Flood and Coastal Risk Management following winter 2015/16 flooding and receipt of additional funding.<\/p> <\/sup><\/p>3 <\/sup>Transfer of Corporate Services staff (including IT contractors) out of Environment Agency into Defra group.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4098", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Suffolk Coastal"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Dr Thérèse Coffey"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-03-22", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-03-22T10:42:04.937Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2018-03-14", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Environment Agency: Staff"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, how many staff were employed by the Environment Agency (a) directly, (b) on a contracted basis and (c) on a subcontracted basis in each of the last eight years.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4382", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Daniel Zeichner"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Cambridge"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Daniel Zeichner"}
], "uin" : "132539"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/862121", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/862121/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "Water quality in England has been improving significantly over recent decades: we have the cleanest bathing waters since records began, serious pollution incidents are steadily declining and rivers that were biologically dead are reviving.<\/p> <\/p> In 2017 the Environment Agency (EA) collected 95,202 water samples and tested them for a total of 1,745,242 individual measures of water quality. The table below shows the numbers of samples and tests for the previous seven years.<\/p> <\/p> In this period monitoring activity peaked in 2013 due to extensive water quality investigations required for the first cycle of the Water Framework Directive which informed River Basin Management Plans published in 2015. Since then the EA has refined its monitoring programmes to make them even more targeted, risk based and efficient. For example, the EA has been able to deliver a 20% reduction in monitoring for the bathing water directive as a result of the improvements in water quality secured in recent years and better scientific understanding of quality at each bathing water. Similar approaches are being applied to other monitoring programmes so that the EA can focus its monitoring activity where it is needed to drive improvements and effectively manage pressures on the water environment.<\/p> <\/p> Year<\/strong><\/p><\/td>Number of water samples<\/strong><\/p><\/td>Number of tests for individual measures of water quality<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr>2010<\/p><\/td> | 131,838<\/p><\/td> | 2,510,250<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | 2011<\/p><\/td> | 137,340<\/p><\/td> | 2,579,323<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | 2012<\/p><\/td> | 155,394<\/p><\/td> | 2,670,028<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | 2013<\/p><\/td> | 159,964<\/p><\/td> | 2,755,700<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | 2014<\/p><\/td> | 135,392<\/p><\/td> | 2,262,788<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | 2015<\/p><\/td> | 122,576<\/p><\/td> | 2,156,176<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | 2016<\/p><\/td> | 112,224<\/p><\/td> | 2,020,475<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table> <\/p> <\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4098", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Suffolk Coastal"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Dr Thérèse Coffey"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-03-22", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-03-22T17:54:34.907Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2018-03-14", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Water: Testing"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, how many water quality tests the Environment Agency carried out in 2017 compared with the previous seven years.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4382", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Daniel Zeichner"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Cambridge"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Daniel Zeichner"}
], "uin" : "132540"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/810268", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/810268/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " We have a strong track record on protecting our water environment. We have improved more than 5,300 miles of rivers since 2010. The water environment is in the healthiest state for 25 years with otters, salmon, sea trout and other wildlife returning to many rivers for the first time since the industrial revolution.<\/p> <\/p> The EU Withdrawal Bill will ensure that the whole body of existing EU environmental law continues to have effect in UK law and that the same protections for the water environment are in place. The Bill will preserve the laws that have transposed EU directives, including the Water Framework Directive, the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive, and the Drinking Water Directive.<\/p> <\/p> We have committed to enhancing environmental standards as we leave the EU. We will consult on a new independent, statutory body to hold government to account and enforce standards for environmental protection.<\/p> <\/p> We remain committed to internationally recognised environmental principles and cooperation on water quality. The UK is a party in its own right to a number of multilateral agreements on water. These include the 1971 Ramsar Convention on the Conservation and Protection of Wetlands, the 1997 Convention on the Law of the Non-navigational Uses of International Watercourses, and UN Sustainable Development Goal 6 on clean water and sanitation. We will continue to uphold our international obligations under these agreements.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4098", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Suffolk Coastal"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Dr Thérèse Coffey"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-01-08", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-01-08T13:48:46.543Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2017-12-20", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Water: Standards"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what steps his Department is taking to ensure (a) the retention of high water standards in the UK and (b) international cooperation in water regulation in the event that the UK leaves the EU.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4382", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Daniel Zeichner"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Cambridge"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Daniel Zeichner"}
], "uin" : "120734"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/797408", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/797408/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " There is a range of available options to deal with the threat of pests to crops; these include the use of alternative insecticides, integrated pest management, and changing cropping practices and planting times. It is for individual farm businesses and their agronomists to take the decision on what is most appropriate for them.<\/p> <\/p> Defra supports research into integrated pest management and developing new and more pest resistant crop varieties, including funding for Crop Genetic Improvement Networks for major UK crops. These research networks focus on breeding to improve resource efficiency, sustainability, and resistance to pests and diseases, in order to reduce reliance on chemical inputs to agriculture.<\/p> <\/p> Defra has also announced a £300,000 investment over three years in a new project on sustainable crop production which will include research on integrated pest management.<\/p> <\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3934", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for George Eustice"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Camborne and Redruth"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "George Eustice"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2017-12-06", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2017-12-06T11:46:02.183Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2017-11-29", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Sugar Beet: Disease Control"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, with reference to his announcement of 9 November 2017 on exploring alternatives to neonicotinoids, what plans his Department has to encourage and support (a) better pest and disease forecasting, (b) disease resistant crop varieties, (c) agronomic methods such as companion cropping and maximising the control provided by natural predators and (d) other non-chemical techniques to help sugar beet farmers control aphids.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4382", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Daniel Zeichner"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Cambridge"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Daniel Zeichner"}
], "uin" : "116371"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/776112", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/776112/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " The UK will continue to have all of the rights, obligations and benefits that membership brings, up until the point we leave the EU. Where transposition deadlines fall after the UK has left the EU, the outcome will depend on UK-EU negotiations.<\/p> We want to be the first generation to leave the environment of England in a better state than we inherited it. We remain committed to making the most of our resources, to reducing waste and to increasing reuse and recycling.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4098", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Suffolk Coastal"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Dr Thérèse Coffey"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2017-10-31", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2017-10-31T14:59:58.52Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2017-10-23", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Waste Management: EU Action"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, whether new EU waste and recycling legislation being negotiated at EU level will apply in the UK given the deadline for transposing that legislation falling after the UK plans to leave the EU.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4382", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Daniel Zeichner"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Cambridge"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Daniel Zeichner"}
], "uin" : "109018"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/768062", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/768062/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " Leaving the EU presents a major opportunity for UK agriculture. We are working towards achieving the best possible deal for the UK agricultural industry and we want to ensure a deep and lasting agreement with the European Union. I met NIAB EMR, part of the NIAB group, in July of this year and Defra has received a number of representations concerning NIAB and the impact of leaving the EU, from breeders\u2019 organisations and from Members of Parliament.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3934", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for George Eustice"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Camborne and Redruth"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "George Eustice"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2017-10-19", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2017-10-19T13:23:08.037Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2017-10-10", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "National Institute of Agricultural Botany"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what representations his Department has received on support for the National Institute of Agricultural Botany after the UK leaves the EU.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4382", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Daniel Zeichner"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Cambridge"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Daniel Zeichner"}
], "uin" : "106908"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/765706", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/765706/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " The issue of the CPVO and their commissioning was discussed with the Commission on 26 September. Future arrangements for plant variety testing will be subject to negotiation with the EU.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3934", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for George Eustice"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Camborne and Redruth"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "George Eustice"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2017-10-20", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2017-10-20T09:17:33.357Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
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, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2017-10-06", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Community Plant Variety Office: National Institute of Agricultural Botany"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what talks he has had with the EU Commission to ensure that the Community Plant Variety Office continues commissioning variety testing contracts to the National Institute of Agricultural Botany after the UK leaves the EU.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4382", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Daniel Zeichner"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Cambridge"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Daniel Zeichner"}
], "uin" : "106328"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/598233", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/598233/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " As part of our commitment to evidence-based policy making, we regularly collect and analyse data on all farm types \u2013 including small farms and organic enterprises. We will continue to develop our evidence base to inform policy development, and are committed to working with the industry to ensure a vibrant and productive future for all agricultural sectors outside of the European Union.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3934", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for George Eustice"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Camborne and Redruth"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "George Eustice"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2016-10-19", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "groupedQuestionUIN" : {"_value" : "47778"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2016-10-19T11:01:11.847Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
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, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2016-10-10", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Agriculture"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, if her Department will commission research into the economic, social and environmental contributions of small farms in England to inform policy and funding of this sector once the UK leaves the EU.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4382", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Daniel Zeichner"}
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, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Daniel Zeichner"}
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