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1651483

registered interest
date	10/07/2023
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Poultry: Antibiotics
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what plans they have to ban the use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics for prophylactic and metaphylactic use in British poultry farming, with a view to limiting antimicrobial resistance.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL9196
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 14/07/2023 answer text <p>The UK Government is committed to reducing unnecessary use of antibiotics in animals, while safeguarding animal welfare. It has been our position for many years that we do not support the routine or predictable use of antibiotics, including where antibiotics are used to compensate for inadequate farming practices. This applies to all types of antibiotic use (i.e those prescribed for treatment, metaphylactic purposes and for prophylactic purposes) because any antibiotic use may lead to an increased risk of resistance.</p><p> </p><p>The Veterinary Medicines Regulations 2013 are currently under review and the UK Government’s proposed new legal restrictions will prohibit antibiotic prophylaxis, in all but exceptional circumstances, in order to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use while also protecting animal welfare, and allowing changes to prescribing practices to be made sustainably. A public consultation on the proposed changes was held earlier this year, feedback is currently being analysed and considered, and a government response will be published in due course.</p><p> </p><p>Highest Priority Critically Important Antibiotics for human use (which include fluoroquinolones) should only be used in animals as a last resort when no other antibiotics could be clinically effective and, wherever possible, based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing.</p><p> </p><p>The Veterinary Medicines Directorate works closely with the British Poultry Council (BPC), an industry group which represents 90% of the meat poultry sector in the UK, on its antimicrobial stewardship efforts to replace, reduce and refine antibiotic use, by supporting good animal husbandry, hygiene and stockmanship. The BPC has a requirement that fluoroquinolones are only used as a last resort after alternative options have been explored. These actions have led to a 96% reduction in fluroquinolone use in meat poultry between 2014 and 2021, with fluoroquinolones representing just 0.3% of total antibiotic use in 2021.</p><p> </p><p>Furthermore, when considering laying hens, antibiotic use data collected by the British Egg Industry Council, and representing 90% of the industry, has demonstrated no fluoroquinolone use since 2017.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon question first answered 14/07/2023 12:13:32 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1651484

registered interest
date	10/07/2023
answering body	Department for Business and Trade
answering dept id	214
answering dept short name	Business and Trade
answering dept sort name	Business and Trade
hansard heading	Royal Mail: Universal Service Obligation
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the performance of Royal Mail against its universal service obligation; and what discussions they have had with Royal Mail about the effect of the current number of vacant posts in that organisation on its ability to fulfil that obligation.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL9197
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 24/07/2023 answer text <p>It is for Ofcom, as the independent regulator of postal services, to set and monitor Royal Mail’s performance of its universal service obligations. In May, Ofcom announced it had opened an investigation into Royal Mail’s failure to meet its delivery targets for 2022/23. This will consider whether the reasons for its failure were within the company’s control or if there were exceptional factors to explain why it missed its targets. Ministers and officials meet Royal Mail in its capacity as the universal service provider however, as it is a private business, operational decisions, including staffing levels, are the direct responsibility of Royal Mail management.</p> answering member printed The Earl of Minto question first answered 24/07/2023 16:32:29 answering member 4952 label Biography information for The Earl of Minto
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1651024

registered interest
date	06/07/2023
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs: Statutory Instruments
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government when they will publish the statutory post implementation reviews of (1) the African Horse Sickness (England) Regulations 2012, (2) the Animals and Animal Products (Examination for Residues and Maximum Residue Limits) (England and Scotland) Regulations 2015, (3) the Veterinary Medicines Regulations 2013, (4) the Sea Fishing (Points for Masters of Fishing Boats) Regulations 2014, and (5) the Alien and Locally Absent Species in Aquaculture (England and Wales) Regulations 2011.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL9096
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 13/07/2023 answer text <p>Defra expects to publish the below PIRs as follows:</p><p> </p><p>(1) The African Horse Sickness (England) Regulations 2012 - July 2023</p><p>(2) The Animals and Animal Products (Examination for Residues and Maximum Residue Limits) (England and Scotland) Regulations 2015 - Autumn 2023</p><p>(3) The Veterinary Medicines Regulations 2013 - August 2023</p><p>(4) The Sea Fishing (Points for Masters of Fishing Boats) Regulations 2014 - September 2023</p><p>(5) The Alien and Locally Absent Species in Aquaculture (England and Wales) Regulations 2011 - July 2023</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon question first answered 13/07/2023 14:20:23 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1651025

registered interest
date	06/07/2023
answering body	Home Office
answering dept id	1
answering dept short name	Home Office
answering dept sort name	Home Office
hansard heading	Crimes of Violence: Public Sector
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government how many police (1) callouts, (2) investigations, (3) charges, and (4) convictions, there were to reported incidents of abuse and hostility towards public service workers in the last year for which figures are available.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL9097
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 19/07/2023 answer text <p>The Home Office collects and publishes information on the number of police recorded offences, and their investigative outcomes (including charges outcomes), on ‘assaults on a constable’ and the number of ‘assaults on an emergency worker (other than a constable)’ on a quarterly basis and that can be accessed here:</p><p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/police-recorded-crime-open-data-tables" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/police-recorded-crime-open-data-tables</a></p><p>Information on other public sector workers is not separately identifiable within police recorded crime.</p><p>The Home Office does not hold data on police call outs or investigations.</p><p>The Home Office has taken a significant step to introduce a statutory aggravating factor for assault against those who are serving the public, via the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act 2022. This means the public facing nature of a victim’s role will be considered an aggravating factor when it comes to sentencing for assault offences. This provision commenced in June 2022.</p><p>The Office for National Statistics’ Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) and its latest estimates shows that the number of incidences of violence has fallen by 41% since the year ending March 2010, to 1.1 million incidences.</p><p>The Ministry of Justice publish information on prosecutions and convictions, including ‘Assault of an emergency worker’ offence. These can be accessed here:</p><p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/criminal-justice-system-statistics-quarterly-december-2022" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/criminal-justice-system-statistics-quarterly-december-2022</a></p> answering member printed Lord Sharpe of Epsom question first answered 19/07/2023 12:26:14 answering member 4888 label Biography information for Lord Sharpe of Epsom
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1648704

registered interest
date	28/06/2023
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Zoonoses
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the finding of Min Cui, Bang Shen and others in their article ‘Animal diseases and human future’, published in Animal Diseases in April 2022, that 75 per cent of emerging human infectious diseases originate from animals.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL8865
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 10/07/2023 answer text <p>UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) is aware of the paper Animal diseases and human future by Min Cui, Bang Shen et al published in Animal Diseases, April 2022. The paper asserts that “approximately 60% of human infectious diseases are zoonotic, and 75% of emerging human infectious diseases originate from animals”. While there is not one internationally agreed figure for the percentages of diseases, emerging or established, that are zoonotic, these figures are broadly in line with that of global public health partners such as World Organisation for Animal Health.</p> answering member printed Lord Markham question first answered 10/07/2023 14:28:26 answering member 4948 label Biography information for Lord Markham
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1648321

registered interest
date	27/06/2023
answering body	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept id	208
answering dept short name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept sort name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
hansard heading	Health: International Cooperation
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government how, if at all, they are promoting the 'One Health' approach in multilateral policy processes, such as through the World Health Organisation's proposed Pandemic Preparedness Treaty.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL8806
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 10/07/2023 answer text <p>The UK Government promotes a One Health approach through its engagement with international fora such as the G7, G20, UN General Assembly and the Quadripartite organisations governing bodies. The importance of a One Health approach is highlighted in the UK's International Development Strategy, Global Health Framework and the 2023 Biological Security Strategy. The Government's priorities for a new international instrument to strengthen pandemic prevention, preparedness and response (PPR), currently being drafted and negotiated by member states of the World Health Organisation, including the UK, include embedding a One Health approach to PPR.</p> answering member printed Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon question first answered 10/07/2023 15:19:11 answering member 4210 label Biography information for Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1648322

registered interest
date	27/06/2023
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Avian Influenza: Developing Countries
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government how they are supporting lower and middle income countries with weak animal health systems to combat avian influenza effectively.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL8807
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 03/07/2023 answer text <p>The UK continues to play a leading role in this critical area as part of our wider work to tackle zoonotic diseases, which are responsible for around 60% of all human diseases and 75% of all new and emerging infectious diseases.</p><p> </p><p>Our world-class laboratories provide capability-building services to global partners including lower and middle income countries, integrating technical support, surveillance, risk analysis and epidemiology expertise, and participating in numerous global research and development networks which offer a multi-disciplinary approach for early detection systems and emergency preparedness and response coordination, with a focus on animal and zoonotic diseases, including avian influenza.</p><p> </p><p>We also support country and regional partners through our Official Development Assistance (ODA) budget to strengthen global health systems, so they are better able to prepare for, prevent, detect and respond to a wide range of health threats, including zoonotic diseases like avian influenza. This includes our Animal Health Systems Strengthening Project, International Health Regulations Strengthening Project and Tackling Deadly Disease in Africa Programme, all of which take a One Health approach, emphasising the connections between human, animal, plant and environmental health.</p><p> </p><p>In addition, we are providing ODA funding to the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations to build avian influenza prevention, preparedness and response capacity in West Africa. Furthermore, we are funding The One Health Poultry Hub, a multistakeholder development research partnership working in Southeast Asia to support safer poultry systems. We are also strengthening genomic surveillance capability through the New Variant Assessment Platform, which will help countries to deal more effectively with pathogens of pandemic potential, including avian influenza.</p><p> </p><p>All UK Aid spend is published by the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office in the form of Statistics on International Development and is available at GOV.UK.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon question first answered 03/07/2023 16:12:47 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1648323

registered interest
date	27/06/2023
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Urinary Tract Infections
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government whether they have plans for trials across England of antibiotic cessation for those receiving prophylactic antibiotics for recurrent urinary tracts infection, as pioneered in Wales.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL8808
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 05/07/2023 answer text <p>NHS England has supported two integrated care boards (ICBs) in the East of England to pilot local schemes to incentivise primary care networks to identify patients prescribed prophylactic antibiotics and invite those patients for a clinical review. Prescribing data will be used to monitor the impact of these pilot schemes and, if safe and effective, underpin a national roll out of this approach.</p> answering member printed Lord Markham question first answered 05/07/2023 16:20:58 answering member 4948 label Biography information for Lord Markham
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1648324

registered interest
date	27/06/2023
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Antibiotics: Water
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what steps they have taken to research and promote increased water consumption by care home patients to reduce (1) prophylactic antibiotic use, and (2) downstream effects on drug-resistant infections.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL8809
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 04/07/2023 answer text <p>NHS England is funding a series of hydration pilots, to test out which hydration related interventions are most likely to increase fluid intake and whether this in turn reduces the risk of developing a urinary tract infection (UTI) in the older adult population living in care homes. These pilots are intended to reduce the incidence of urinary tract and blood stream infections, antibiotic prescribing and use, and antimicrobial resistance.</p> answering member printed Lord Markham question first answered 04/07/2023 13:49:54 answering member 4948 label Biography information for Lord Markham
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1646820

registered interest
date	22/06/2023
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Bracken: Asulam
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the (1) ecological, and (2) human health, impacts of continuing to allow emergency use of asulam to control growth of bracken after such use was denied in Wales and Scotland; and whether they have a (a) plan, or (b) timescale, for ending such authorisations.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL8710
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 28/06/2023 answer text <p>Decisions on the regulation of pesticides are devolved. The decision to grant an emergency authorisation for the limited and controlled use of Asuloxin in England in 2023 was taken after careful consideration of the potential impacts on human and animal health and the environment. To minimise risks to human health and the environment, strict conditions have been applied to its use. These include, but are not limited to, the use of protective equipment for those applying the pesticide, unsprayed buffer zones to protect non-target terrestrial plants and aquatic organisms, and restrictions on when and where the herbicide can be sprayed to protect mammals and nesting birds.</p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p>All applications for emergency authorisation are considered on their individual merits, However, emergency authorisation is not a permanent solution. The Bracken Control Group, as the Applicant for emergency authorisation, has carried out work on alternatives and the owners of Asulox are working towards standard authorisation of the product. The Minister for Food, Mark Spencer, plans to meet the company in the near future to assess progress towards a long-term solution.</p><p> </p> answering member printed Lord Benyon question first answered 28/06/2023 12:47:04 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle