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<p>There is no legal requirement for schools to record and report incidents of bullying
to the government. However, the department does monitor evidence on the impact of
bullying on children and young people through robust national surveys.</p><p> </p><p>According
to the most recent published data from the department’s National Behaviour Survey
(NBS), for the 2022/23 academic year, 26% of secondary pupils reported being bullied
and 28% of primary and secondary school parents reported their child being bullied
in the past 12 months. This is shown in the table below. To note, the total sample
size for pupils was 2,521 and the approximate parent sample size was 2,335.</p><table><tbody><tr><td><p>
</p></td><td><p><strong>2021/22 Academic year</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2022/23</strong>
<strong>Academic year</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><em>Pupil</em> reported bullying
victimisation</p></td><td><p>22%</p></td><td><p>26%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><em>Parent</em>
reported bullying victimisation</p></td><td><p>26%</p></td><td><p>28%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Pupil
reported bullying victimisation by gender</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p> </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Males</p></td><td><p>21%</p></td><td><p>25%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Females</p></td><td><p>22%</p></td><td><p>27%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Pupil
reported bullying victimisation by SEND</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p> </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Pupils
with SEND</p></td><td><p>34%*</p></td><td><p>36%*</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Pupils without
SEND</p></td><td><p>20%*</p></td><td><p>24%*</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Pupil reported
bullying victimisation by ethnicity</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p> </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>White</p></td><td><p>25%*</p></td><td><p>29%*</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Ethnic
minority</p></td><td><p>14%*</p></td><td><p>19%*</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Pupil reported
bullying victimisation by FSM eligibility</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p> </p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Eligible
for FSM</p></td><td><p>28%*</p></td><td><p>38%*</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Not Eligible
for FSM</p></td><td><p>21%*</p></td><td><p>22%*</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p>*Indicates
a significant difference between the sub groups. Changes over time have not been tested
for significance.</p><p> </p><p>The department sees little difference in self-reported
rates of bullying by gender. However, a greater proportion of white secondary-aged
pupils reported being bullied compared to pupils from an ethnic minority background.
Similarly, a larger proportion of secondary-aged pupils with special educational needs
and disabilities (SEND) reported being bullied compared to those without SEND. Secondary-aged
pupils eligible for free school meals (FSM) also reported being bullied more frequently
when compared with those not eligible for FSM.</p><p> </p><p>Across most of these
groups, there is a small percentage point increase in 2022/23 compared to 2021/22.
This is between 2 and 5 percentage points, aside from FSM, where the increase was
10. The department does not know if these changes are statistically significant. The
department will publish updated data from the NBS in due course.</p><p>Other robust
data sources which report on bullying prevalence, and with a longer time series, include
the Health Behaviours of School-aged Children Study and the Crime Survey for England
and Wales, surveying 10 to 15 year olds. These suggest overall prevalence rates have
remained reasonably stable between 2018 and 2023.</p><p>The department has not made
a formal assessment of the links between the level of bullying and impacts on the
mental wellbeing and performance of young people in schools, but we are aware of the
range of evidence that shows these links. For example, national surveys which show
a link between bullying and the impact on mental health include the NHS Digital: Mental
Health of Children and Young People in England Survey and the Crime Survey for England
and Wales, surveying 10 to 15 years olds. The department also follows the wider academic
literature on the impacts of bullying. A recent internal review by departmental analysts
identified numerous sources which demonstrate the link between bullying and both mental
health and academic outcomes.</p><p> </p>
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