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1272403

registered interest
date	17/12/2020
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Waste
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what evidence they have for the prevalence of COVID-19 in waste matter globally.
tabling member printed	Lord Campbell-Savours
uin	HL11572
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 05/01/2021 answer text <p>International evidence on the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in human faeces, urine and wastewater has been examined by the Transmission of Covid-19 in the Wider Environment Group (TWEG), an expert group commissioned by Defra.</p><p> </p><p>This group published its initial findings in a report to SAGE on 12 June, on <a href="http://www.gov.uk" target="_blank">www.gov.uk</a>, - TWEG: Evidence of wider environmental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 - and is continuing to examine new evidence as it emerges.</p><p> </p><p>While the virus is present in human waste, evidence shows that it is rapidly inactivated so transmission risk from exposure to contaminated wastewater is assessed to be very low.</p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park question first answered 05/01/2021 15:38:19 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park
tabling member	499 label Biography information for Lord Campbell-Savours

1272404

registered interest
date	17/12/2020
answering body	Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
answering dept id	201
answering dept short name	Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
answering dept sort name	Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Vaccination
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what research they have commissioned on the development of a COVID-19 vaccine which can be administered in a single dose.
tabling member printed	Lord Campbell-Savours
uin	HL11573
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 04/01/2021 answer text <p>The Government has invested in a portfolio of COVID-19 vaccines across a range of modalities to secure UK access to the most promising candidates.</p><p> </p><p>The clinical trials of these vaccines involve testing their safety and efficacy across a range of scenarios, including testing efficacy rates of both single and multi-dose delivery methods.</p><p> </p><p>This will ensure the UK has early access to those vaccines that offer the most protection against COVID-19.</p> answering member printed Lord Callanan question first answered 04/01/2021 16:32:49 answering member 4336 label Biography information for Lord Callanan
tabling member	499 label Biography information for Lord Campbell-Savours

1272405

registered interest
date	17/12/2020
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Screening
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	Her Majesty's Government what evidence they have from the UK of COVID-19 appearing in blood samples.
tabling member printed	Lord Campbell-Savours
uin	HL11574
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 13/01/2021 answer text <p>Diagnosis of COVID-19 infection has largely been based on reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction amplification of viral nucleic acid (RNA) from upper respiratory tract swabs. However, detection of viral RNA has also been reported in blood, serum and plasma from small clinical case series.</p><p>The frequency and quantification of RNA in blood fractions and the significance of blood as a transmission route remains unknown.</p> answering member printed Lord Bethell question first answered 13/01/2021 12:40:46 answering member 4708 label Biography information for Lord Bethell
tabling member	499 label Biography information for Lord Campbell-Savours

1272406

registered interest
date	17/12/2020
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Disease Control
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	Her Majesty's Government whether they have had any discussions with the World Health Organization (WHO) about when the governments of (1) Italy, and (2) France, first reported the emergence of COVID-19 to WHO; if so, when in (a) 2019, and (b) 2020, any such emergence was reported by those countries; what assessment they have made of reports of COVID-19 appearing in waste water in Barcelona in 2019; and when they became aware of any such reports.
tabling member printed	Lord Campbell-Savours
uin	HL11575
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 22/01/2021 answer text <p>The United Kingdom has not had any specific discussions with the World Health Organization on the emergence of COVID-19 in France and Italy. The UK Government received notification of France and Italy’s first COVID-19 cases through the European Early Warning and Response System. France reported its first three COVID-19 cases on 24 January 2020. Italy reported its first two COVID-19 cases on 31 January 2020.</p><p><br>The Government has not made any assessment of reports of COVID-19 appearing in wastewater in Barcelona in 2019. In the UK, a national wastewater surveillance programme was announced on 12 June 2020 by the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the Scottish and Welsh devolved administrations, focusing on sewage monitoring as part of an advance warning system to detect new outbreaks of COVID-19.</p> answering member printed Lord Bethell question first answered 22/01/2021 10:37:41 answering member 4708 label Biography information for Lord Bethell
tabling member	499 label Biography information for Lord Campbell-Savours

1272407

registered interest
date	17/12/2020
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Italy
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	Her Majesty's Government whether there is any evidence of variants of COVID-19 which can be traced to specific countries of origin; and if so, what proportion of reported COVID-19 cases have been linked to the variant of COVID-19 from Italy.
tabling member printed	Lord Campbell-Savours
uin	HL11576
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 13/01/2021 answer text <p>It is common for viruses to mutate - over 4,000 variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been identified worldwide. The United Kingdom has a world leading surveillance system that supports the detection, analysis and identification of any variants circulating globally which may be of concern.</p><p>COVID-19 Genomics UK will continue to lead on monitoring virus samples for new variants. The Department and Public Health England will continue to study the virus closely to understand how it is behaving, where it might have originated from and the spread of the new variant across the UK.</p> answering member printed Lord Bethell question first answered 13/01/2021 12:38:35 answering member 4708 label Biography information for Lord Bethell
tabling member	499 label Biography information for Lord Campbell-Savours

1272408

registered interest
date	17/12/2020
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Italy
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the article by Giovanni Apolone et al Unexpected detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the prepandemic period in Italy, published in the Tumori Journal on 11 November.
tabling member printed	Lord Campbell-Savours
uin	HL11577
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 11/01/2021 answer text <p>Public Health England monitors the evidence on COVID-19, including articles such as that by Apolone et al.</p><p>This published study uses in-house serological methods which require considerable assurance on their specificity and sensitivity, which is not provided in the paper. Therefore, there are several reservations about the laboratory methods used, which provide uncertainty about the conclusions drawn.</p><p>Whilst indicative of the possibility, this article is not definitive evidence of the presence of COVID-19 virus in Italy in December and additional supportive evidence is required to achieve high confidence in this assertion.</p> answering member printed Lord Bethell question first answered 11/01/2021 12:16:37 answering member 4708 label Biography information for Lord Bethell
tabling member	499 label Biography information for Lord Campbell-Savours

1259917

registered interest
date	09/12/2020
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Vaccination
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government how effective (1) an adenovirus vector, and (2) an mRNA, COVID-19 vaccine is if a person only receives one of the two doses required under the vaccination protocols.
tabling member printed	Lord Campbell-Savours
uin	HL11277
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 01/02/2021 answer text <p>The Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) has recommended that as many people on the JCVI’s priority list as possible should be offered a first vaccine dose as the initial priority. One dose of the vaccine offers important protection and allows us to reach as many at risk people as possible in order to offer protection until the second dose can be administered. All individuals will subsequently receive a second dose in due course.</p><p> </p><p>It can be assumed that protection from the first dose will require boosting in order to provide more durable protection. The JCVI supports a two-dose vaccine schedule for the Pfizer-BioNTech and AstraZeneca vaccines.</p> answering member printed Lord Bethell question first answered 01/02/2021 12:33:01 answering member 4708 label Biography information for Lord Bethell
tabling member	499 label Biography information for Lord Campbell-Savours

1259918

registered interest
date	09/12/2020
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Vaccination
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what was the incidence of vaccinated people being able to pass on COVID-19 to those who have not been vaccinated in the trial COVID-19 vaccination programmes.
tabling member printed	Lord Campbell-Savours
uin	HL11278
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 17/12/2020 answer text <p>To date the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), as well as independent expert advisors on the Commission on Human Medicines and its Expert Working Groups, have completed the assessment of the quality, safety and efficacy data only for the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. This vaccine is an mRNA vaccine and data supported a two dose regimen. Efficacy was evaluated in terms of prevention of COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, in terms of vulnerability to COVID-19 of the person vaccinated. Clinical trial data showed that, compared to the placebo, efficacy of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine from first COVID-19 occurrence from seven days after dose two in participants with or without evidence of prior infection with SARS-CoV-2 was 94.6% - a 95% credible interval of 89.9% to 97.3%).</p><p>There is currently no data available regarding transmission of COVID-19 to others in a person who has been vaccinated using any of the COVID-19 vaccines. There is also currently no data available for any COVID-19 vaccine on the period after vaccination for which a person can remain asymptomatic.</p> answering member printed Lord Bethell grouped question UIN HL11196 HL11197 HL11198 HL11199 HL11279 HL11280 HL11281 question first answered 17/12/2020 13:44:06 answering member 4708 label Biography information for Lord Bethell
tabling member	499 label Biography information for Lord Campbell-Savours

1259919

registered interest
date	09/12/2020
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Vaccination
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government for how long a person who has received the two-doses of the COVID-19 vaccine required under the vaccination protocols can remain asymptomatic.
tabling member printed	Lord Campbell-Savours
uin	HL11279
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 17/12/2020 answer text <p>To date the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), as well as independent expert advisors on the Commission on Human Medicines and its Expert Working Groups, have completed the assessment of the quality, safety and efficacy data only for the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. This vaccine is an mRNA vaccine and data supported a two dose regimen. Efficacy was evaluated in terms of prevention of COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, in terms of vulnerability to COVID-19 of the person vaccinated. Clinical trial data showed that, compared to the placebo, efficacy of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine from first COVID-19 occurrence from seven days after dose two in participants with or without evidence of prior infection with SARS-CoV-2 was 94.6% - a 95% credible interval of 89.9% to 97.3%).</p><p>There is currently no data available regarding transmission of COVID-19 to others in a person who has been vaccinated using any of the COVID-19 vaccines. There is also currently no data available for any COVID-19 vaccine on the period after vaccination for which a person can remain asymptomatic.</p> answering member printed Lord Bethell grouped question UIN HL11196 HL11197 HL11198 HL11199 HL11278 HL11280 HL11281 question first answered 17/12/2020 13:44:06 answering member 4708 label Biography information for Lord Bethell
tabling member	499 label Biography information for Lord Campbell-Savours

1259920

registered interest
date	09/12/2020
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Vaccination
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of whether a person who has been vaccinated against COVID-19 can acquire COVID-19 asymptomatic status without indicators and transmit the virus on to another person who has not been vaccinated.
tabling member printed	Lord Campbell-Savours
uin	HL11280
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 17/12/2020 answer text <p>To date the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), as well as independent expert advisors on the Commission on Human Medicines and its Expert Working Groups, have completed the assessment of the quality, safety and efficacy data only for the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. This vaccine is an mRNA vaccine and data supported a two dose regimen. Efficacy was evaluated in terms of prevention of COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, in terms of vulnerability to COVID-19 of the person vaccinated. Clinical trial data showed that, compared to the placebo, efficacy of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine from first COVID-19 occurrence from seven days after dose two in participants with or without evidence of prior infection with SARS-CoV-2 was 94.6% - a 95% credible interval of 89.9% to 97.3%).</p><p>There is currently no data available regarding transmission of COVID-19 to others in a person who has been vaccinated using any of the COVID-19 vaccines. There is also currently no data available for any COVID-19 vaccine on the period after vaccination for which a person can remain asymptomatic.</p> answering member printed Lord Bethell grouped question UIN HL11196 HL11197 HL11198 HL11199 HL11278 HL11279 HL11281 question first answered 17/12/2020 13:44:07 answering member 4708 label Biography information for Lord Bethell
tabling member	499 label Biography information for Lord Campbell-Savours