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1693079

registered interest
date	01/03/2024
answering body	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept id	208
answering dept short name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept sort name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
hansard heading	Antimicrobials: Drug Resistance
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what are their priorities ahead of this year's United Nations General Assembly High-level Meeting on Antimicrobial Resistance.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL2935
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 18/03/2024 answer text <p>The High-level Meeting (HLM) on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) offers an excellent opportunity to catalyse global progress. The UK's priority is a political declaration that sets a high level of ambition across human health, animal health and environmental sectors. The UK is particularly keen to promote more equitable global access to antimicrobials and their appropriate stewardship.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon question first answered 18/03/2024 17:38:38 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1693080

registered interest
date	01/03/2024
answering body	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept id	208
answering dept short name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept sort name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
hansard heading	Antimicrobials: Drug Resistance
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what steps they are taking to ensure that their approach to tackling antimicrobial resistance across the world also works to end preventable deaths linked to unclean birth environments.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL2936
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 15/03/2024 answer text <p>The UK's Ending Preventable Deaths campaign takes a multisectoral approach which includes tackling antimicrobial resistance, alongside strengthening health systems, sexual and reproductive health and rights, and broader determinants like nutrition, climate and water, sanitation and hygiene. Neonatal sepsis is a particular concern in the context of antimicrobial resistance and as such is where the UK will look to particularly align our work on water sanitation and hygiene, with our work on antimicrobial resistance and the health of mothers and newborns.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon question first answered 15/03/2024 13:55:41 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1693081

registered interest
date	01/03/2024
answering body	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept id	208
answering dept short name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept sort name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
hansard heading	Antimicrobials: Drug Resistance
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what steps they are taking to ensure preventative measures such as enabling access to clean water and basic toilets, and promoting good hygiene practices are central to their work on combatting antimicrobial resistance globally.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL2937
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 15/03/2024 answer text <p>Access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in communities and health care settings helps prevent the threat of antimicrobial resistance. The UK's &quot;WASH Systems for Health&quot; programme is working in six lower-middle-income countries to strengthen the systems that deliver sustainable WASH services. The UK-funded Hygiene and Behaviour Change Coalition supported 14,800 facilities with WASH supplies and trained 460,000 health workers on hygiene. We also focus on achieving universal WASH in health care facilities to combat antimicrobial resistance through partners the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the Hand Hygiene for All Partnership.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon question first answered 15/03/2024 13:54:38 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1670097

registered interest
date	14/11/2023
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Antimicrobials: Drug Resistance
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the combined impacts of microplastics and antimicrobial pollutants in driving antimicrobial resistance emergence in the environment, and what steps they are taking to mitigate these impacts.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL264
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 30/11/2023 answer text <p>Defra, the Environment Agency and the UK Health Security Agency have a joint research programme on antimicrobial resistance in the environment. This includes examination of potential drivers of selection for antimicrobial resistance in environmental organisms. So far, this work has concentrated on the effect of antimicrobials and biocides so has not examined the additional role of microplastics, as this was not identified as likely to have a high impact and therefore be a high priority for the research. However, we continue to consider issues for further investigation as part of our ongoing research where emerging evidence suggests it is needed.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon question first answered 30/11/2023 15:23:51 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1664770

registered interest
date	16/10/2023
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Antimicrobials: Drug Resistance
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what progress they have made towards introducing the recording of antimicrobial resistance as a cause of death on death certificates.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL10490
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 25/10/2023 answer text <p>Medical practitioners are expected to state the cause of death on death certificates to the best of their knowledge and belief, including where a resistant infection was a contributory factor. Consistently citing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a cause of death on the Medical Certificate of Cause of Death (MCCD) could provide better data on the scale and impact of AMR and improve public awareness of the issue.</p><p>In November 2022, as part of the National Medical Examiner’s “Good Practice Series”, the Royal College of Pathologists published a paper to help medical examiner offices align with the UK AMR National Action Plan, and support surveillance of antimicrobial resistance. The paper asks medical examiners to encourage and educate those writing MCCDs to accurately record the organism responsible for the infection, whether it was resistant to microbial therapy, and whether the infection was hospital- or community-associated, where this is known. A copy of the paper is attached.</p> answering member printed Lord Markham question first answered 25/10/2023 11:17:39 answering member 4948 label Biography information for Lord Markham attachment 1 file name Good-Practice-Series-Recording-antimicrobial-resistance-on-the-Medical-Certificate-of-Cause-of-DeathFinal (1).pdf title Good Practice Series
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1583095

registered interest
date	01/02/2023
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Antimicrobials: Drug Resistance
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what steps they are taking to monitor and mitigate the impact of antimicrobial resistance on marginalised communities in the UK, including (1) people of migrant, refugee or asylum seeker status, (2) prisoners, and (3) homeless people.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL5293
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 14/02/2023 answer text <p>The UK Health Security Agency’s antimicrobial resistance (AMR) programme is committed to tackling and reducing antimicrobial health inequalities nationwide. Over the years, the AMR health inequalities workstream has taken a systematic approach to increasing our work to understand and address health inequalities in relation to AMR. This involves improving our understanding of the association between health inequalities and antimicrobial usage and resistance; developing a health inequalities and AMR engagement strategy including learning from the wider public health community; and producing recommendations for public health action.</p><p> </p><p>Future projects include surveying knowledge, attitudes, and health-seeking behaviours towards antibiotics in different populations, identifying and improving surveillance reporting gaps required to understand the impact of AMR and AMR-targeted interventions on Core20PLUS populations, and publishing the health inequalities scoping review. The Core20PLUS populations include vulnerable migrants, people in contact with the justice system and people experiencing homelessness.</p><p> </p><p>Furthermore, antibiotic consumption data within prisons, which is grouped with “other community settings”, are monitored and published annually within the antimicrobial consumption chapter of the <em>English surveillance programme for antimicrobial utilisation and resistance (ESPAUR) report</em>.</p> answering member printed Lord Markham question first answered 14/02/2023 11:53:34 answering member 4948 label Biography information for Lord Markham
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1566181

registered interest
date	11/01/2023
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Antimicrobials: Drug Resistance
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask His Majesty's Government what steps they are taking (1) to monitor concentrations of non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals and personal care product residues in terms of driving the evolution of antimicrobial resistance in the environment, and (2) to fund more research into the risks they may pose to human health.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL4650
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 25/01/2023 answer text <p>(1) Defra and the Environment Agency (EA) have been working with the water industry to research the occurrence and transport of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics through wastewater treatment works as part of the industry-funded Chemical Investigations Programme. Investigations have been carried out at ten sites across the country to understand how the different treatment processes and the presence of chemicals including a range of pharmaceuticals affect the presence and prevalence of particular organisms and resistance genes. The results are due to be published by UK Water Industry Research in early 2023.</p><p>The EA has also been working with water companies on chemicals investigations which have included a range of pharmaceuticals and personal care products residues discharged from treated sewage effluent which might contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR).</p><p>The EA has developed a Prioritisation and Early Warning System (PEWS) for chemicals of emerging concern to ensure consideration of the potential risks of emerging chemicals including to surface waters (both freshwater and saline waters), groundwater and soils. The system allows the EA to sift and to screen any chemical substance nominated using, where available, hazard data and environmental monitoring data to prioritise whether a substance may be a possible chemical of concern in England. The EA has included a number of pharmaceuticals and personal care products as part of PEWS including, for example, diclofenac, ibuprofen and Benzophenone-3 (UV filter). These three substances flagged as high risk in PEWS.</p><p>The EA also monitors for a wide range of pharmaceuticals and substances used in personal care products in the water environment using a semi-quantitative screening methodology. All the substances mentioned above are included on this screening.</p><p>(2) The UK AMR National Action Plan (NAP) (2019-24) commits to “support research to reduce evidence gaps and improve our understanding of hazards and risks from AMR in the environment”. The Government is not currently supporting research on the potential risks of non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals and personal care product residues in terms of driving the evolution of AMR in the environment and the risks they may pose to human health, but is exploring options with funders on how best to undertake a One-Health approach to research into the drivers of AMR in the environment and environmental transmission risks to human health. This work will be built upon as an area of focus for research in the next five-year NAP (2024-29).</p><p>The Government is funding a wide array of research into AMR, including through the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). As of September 2022, the NIHR was supporting 65 active research projects funded by NIHR programmes on AMR, with a combined value of approximately £97 million. The NIHR welcomes funding applications for research into any aspect of human health, including risk factors for AMR.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon question first answered 25/01/2023 12:03:40 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle