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<p>The table below shows the top five individual medicines <del class="ministerial">and
chemicals</del> that have shown the highest increase in <ins class="ministerial">cost</ins>
<del class="ministerial">price </del> over the last 10 years for Net Ingredient Cost
(NIC) per prescription item <del class="ministerial">and NIC per quantity</del>. Prescription
medicines<del class="ministerial">/chemicals</del> have only been included where there
was prescribing in both 2006 and 2016.</p><p><ins class="ministerial">For any medicine
listed, it does not necessarily mean that the price has increased. For example, the
cost per prescription item will be higher if the quantity being prescribed per prescription
item has increased.</ins></p><p>This is based on Prescription Cost Analysis (PCA)
data. PCA data is based on analysis of all prescriptions dispensed in the community
i.e. by community pharmacists and appliance contractors, dispensing doctors, and prescriptions
submitted by prescribing doctors for items personally administered in England. PCA
data do not cover drugs dispensed in hospitals, including mental health trusts, or
private prescriptions.</p><p> </p><p>Costs vary over time due to numerous factors
including medicines going off patent and becoming available generically, unlicensed
medicines becoming licensed medicines, shortages, the level of competition for generic
medicines, as well as centrally agreed pricing schemes such as the Pharmaceutical
Price Regulation Scheme.</p><p> </p><p>The Department is working closely with the
Competition and Markets Authority on a number of investigations into unwarranted price
rises of unbranded generic medicines. Where companies have breached competition law,
we will seek damages and invest that money back into the National Health Service.</p><p>
</p><table><tbody><tr><td colspan="4"><p>The top five medicines with the highest increase
in Net Ingredient<sup>1</sup> Cost per prescription item<sup>2</sup></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Drug
Name</p></td><td><p>2006</p></td><td><p>2016</p></td><td><p>Increase</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Orfadin_Cap
10mg</p></td><td><p>£5,436.74</p></td><td><p>£20,030.86</p></td><td><p>£14,594.12</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Cerezyme_I/V
Inf 400u Vl (Dry)</p></td><td><p>£18,143.17</p></td><td><p>£30,397.85</p></td><td><p>£12,254.68</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Chenodeoxycholic
Acid_Cap 250mg</p></td><td><p>£88.57</p></td><td><p>£9,580.10</p></td><td><p>£9,491.54</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Trientine
Dihydroch_Cap 300mg (Old)</p></td><td><p>£218.58</p></td><td><p>£5,488.22</p></td><td><p>£5,269.64</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sod
Benz_Liq Spec 400mg/5ml</p></td><td><p>£361.95</p></td><td><p>£4,352.92</p></td><td><p>£3,990.96</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Source:
Prescription Cost Analysis</p><p> </p><p>Notes:</p><p> </p><p><sup>1</sup>NIC is the
basic cost of a drug. It does not take account of discounts, dispensing costs, fees
or prescription charges income, so the amount the NHS spent will be slightly different.</p><p>
</p><p><sup>2</sup>Prescriptions are written on a prescription form known as an FP10.
Each single item written on the form is counted as a prescription item.</p>
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