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1388364

registered interest
date	15/12/2021
answering body	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept id	208
answering dept short name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept sort name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
hansard heading	Bosnia and Herzegovina: Peacekeeping Operations
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what discussions they have had with the EU to seek an increase in the size of EUFOR's current mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to achieve enough soldiers to deter secessionist forces in that country.
tabling member printed	The Earl of Dundee
uin	HL5006
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 23/12/2021 answer text <p>In November, the UK worked with partners in the United Nations Security Council to secure the EUFOR stabilisation force's mandate for a further 12 months. Although the UK no longer participates in EUFOR following our withdrawal from the European Union, we liaise closely with Commander EUFOR and his team. We also support the NATO HQ in Sarajevo including though the secondment of UK staff officers, who are building the capacity of the Bosnia and Herzegovina Armed Forces. At the NATO Foreign Minister's Meeting in Riga, the Foreign Secretary called on Allies to enhance NATO's engagement on BiH.</p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park question first answered 23/12/2021 13:07:16 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park
tabling member	2735 label Biography information for The Earl of Dundee

1388365

registered interest
date	15/12/2021
answering body	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept id	208
answering dept short name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept sort name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
hansard heading	Bosnia and Herzegovina: Peace Negotiations
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what steps they intend to take to maintain peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the region; and what plans they have to work with Council of Europe member states as part of their efforts.
tabling member printed	The Earl of Dundee
uin	HL5007
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 23/12/2021 answer text <p>The UK takes seriously talk of secession and other threats to undo the progress of the last twenty-six years in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). We have called on those responsible to cease this destabilising and divisive rhetoric. As a UN Security Council and Peace Implementation Council Steering Board member, the UK is committed to upholding the General Framework Agreement for Peace in BiH. The recent appointment of Sir Stuart Peach as the Prime Minister's Special Envoy to the Western Balkans is a clear indication of our commitment. The UK works closely with our partners to support BiH's territorial integrity and to maintain the peace stabilisation force (EUFOR) and the Office of the High Representative in BiH. We work closely with various multinational bodies such as the CoE, NATO, OSCE and UN. Ultimately, the authorities in BiH themselves must make necessary reforms for the good of all citizens, and we call on them to meet their obligations to those who elected them. Discussions of how to support stability in BiH took place at the NATO Foreign Ministers' meeting in Riga, which the Foreign Secretary attended, and at Lancaster House on 13 December, when the Foreign Secretary hosted Western Balkans Foreign Ministers.</p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park question first answered 23/12/2021 13:06:22 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park
tabling member	2735 label Biography information for The Earl of Dundee

1388366

registered interest
date	15/12/2021
answering body	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept id	208
answering dept short name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept sort name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
hansard heading	Bosnia and Herzegovina: Peacekeeping Operations
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what steps they are taking to encourage the international community to invite Bosnia and Herzegovina's adjacent states to join NATO interventions, particularly (1) Croatia, and (2) Slovenia.
tabling member printed	The Earl of Dundee
uin	HL5008
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 22/12/2021 answer text <p>The UK remains committed to ensuring peace and upholding international law in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Slovenia is a member of EUFOR, has personnel at NATO HQ in Sarajevo, and contributes to NATO's KFOR mission in Kosovo. Croatia also has military personnel in KFOR. In recent weeks, there have been a range of productive discussions on the Western Balkans in multilateral fora, including at the NATO Foreign Ministers' meeting in Riga, which the Foreign Secretary attended.</p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park question first answered 22/12/2021 12:14:17 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park
tabling member	2735 label Biography information for The Earl of Dundee

1388368

registered interest
date	15/12/2021
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Peatlands
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what is the total acreage of peatland in England; and how many acres are used for the production of peat for horticultural purposes.
tabling member printed	Baroness Fookes
uin	HL5011
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 31/12/2021 answer text <p>Peat is extracted in England for, primarily, horticultural purposes. Commercial extraction in England is licensed on approximately 664 hectares of peatland, across 29 sites. Whilst this represents less than 1% of England’s peatlands, extraction is a major source of carbon emissions, causes biodiversity loss and destroys habitats.</p><p> </p><p>Industry data tells us that in 2020 alone, 2.2 million cubic metres of peat were sold in the UK, 70% of which was imported.</p><p> </p><p>Recent years have seen the development of a number of high-quality peat-free alternatives that are as effective as current peat-based options, many of which are much less damaging to the environment than using peat.</p><p> </p><p>We are therefore continuing to focus on reducing demand for peat in horticulture in England, to protect peatlands at home and abroad. We have published a full consultation on ending the use of peat, with our preferred option being to ban the sale of peat and peat containing products in the amateur sector by the end of this Parliament. We are also turbo-charging current levels of peatland restoration through the Nature for Climate Fund, which will aim to provide funding for the restoration of approximately 35,000ha of peatland by 2025. This represents a tripling of historical average annual restoration levels.</p><p> </p><p>More information about our actions to protect and restore our vulnerable peatlands is available at these links to the consultation (<a href="https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fconsultations%2Fending-the-retail-sale-of-peat-in-horticulture-in-england-and-wales&amp;data=04%7C01%7Cpqteam%40defra.gov.uk%7C945e75b567f046de3d4408d9c558f3f3%7C770a245002274c6290c74e38537f1102%7C0%7C0%7C637757808116504708%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000&amp;sdata=SHe%2FUieMu%2BEHb12iq6oyq1GxhzQBQKE4HOWlB5dFIg0%3D&amp;reserved=0" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/ending-the-retail-sale-of-peat-in-horticulture-in-england-and-wales</a>) and the England Peat Action Plan (<a href="https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fpublications%2Fengland-peat-action-plan&amp;data=04%7C01%7Cpqteam%40defra.gov.uk%7C945e75b567f046de3d4408d9c558f3f3%7C770a245002274c6290c74e38537f1102%7C0%7C0%7C637757808116514702%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000&amp;sdata=zZGs7pKSDdzlGPwOQ0SU%2BNIXq%2FcmzlglVFGk85TA9NE%3D&amp;reserved=0" target="_blank">England Peat Action Plan - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)</a>. Relevant documents are also attached to this answer.</p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park attachment 1 file name Consultation Ending the retail sale of peat in horticulture in England and Wales.pdf title Peat in horticulture consultation 2 file name england-peat-action-plan.pdf title England Peat Action Plan grouped question UIN HL5012 question first answered 31/12/2021 11:04:01 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park
tabling member	830 label Biography information for Baroness Fookes

1388369

registered interest
date	15/12/2021
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Peat
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government how much peat has been extracted from peatlands in England for horticultural purposes over the last five years for which statistics are available.
tabling member printed	Baroness Fookes
uin	HL5012
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 31/12/2021 answer text <p>Peat is extracted in England for, primarily, horticultural purposes. Commercial extraction in England is licensed on approximately 664 hectares of peatland, across 29 sites. Whilst this represents less than 1% of England’s peatlands, extraction is a major source of carbon emissions, causes biodiversity loss and destroys habitats.</p><p> </p><p>Industry data tells us that in 2020 alone, 2.2 million cubic metres of peat were sold in the UK, 70% of which was imported.</p><p> </p><p>Recent years have seen the development of a number of high-quality peat-free alternatives that are as effective as current peat-based options, many of which are much less damaging to the environment than using peat.</p><p> </p><p>We are therefore continuing to focus on reducing demand for peat in horticulture in England, to protect peatlands at home and abroad. We have published a full consultation on ending the use of peat, with our preferred option being to ban the sale of peat and peat containing products in the amateur sector by the end of this Parliament. We are also turbo-charging current levels of peatland restoration through the Nature for Climate Fund, which will aim to provide funding for the restoration of approximately 35,000ha of peatland by 2025. This represents a tripling of historical average annual restoration levels.</p><p> </p><p>More information about our actions to protect and restore our vulnerable peatlands is available at these links to the consultation (<a href="https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fconsultations%2Fending-the-retail-sale-of-peat-in-horticulture-in-england-and-wales&amp;data=04%7C01%7Cpqteam%40defra.gov.uk%7C945e75b567f046de3d4408d9c558f3f3%7C770a245002274c6290c74e38537f1102%7C0%7C0%7C637757808116504708%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000&amp;sdata=SHe%2FUieMu%2BEHb12iq6oyq1GxhzQBQKE4HOWlB5dFIg0%3D&amp;reserved=0" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/ending-the-retail-sale-of-peat-in-horticulture-in-england-and-wales</a>) and the England Peat Action Plan (<a href="https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fpublications%2Fengland-peat-action-plan&amp;data=04%7C01%7Cpqteam%40defra.gov.uk%7C945e75b567f046de3d4408d9c558f3f3%7C770a245002274c6290c74e38537f1102%7C0%7C0%7C637757808116514702%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000&amp;sdata=zZGs7pKSDdzlGPwOQ0SU%2BNIXq%2FcmzlglVFGk85TA9NE%3D&amp;reserved=0" target="_blank">England Peat Action Plan - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)</a>. Relevant documents are also attached to this answer.</p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park attachment 1 file name Consultation Ending the retail sale of peat in horticulture in England and Wales.pdf title Peat in horticulture consultation 2 file name england-peat-action-plan.pdf title England Peat Action Plan grouped question UIN HL5011 question first answered 31/12/2021 11:04:01 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park
tabling member	830 label Biography information for Baroness Fookes

1388379

registered interest
date	15/12/2021
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Dragonflies: Conservation
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government, further to the finding in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species that 16 per cent of (1) dragonflies, and (2) damselflies, are under threat of extinction, what steps they are taking to (a) conserve, and (b) protect, rare and threatened dragonflies in England.
tabling member printed	The Marquess of Lothian
uin	HL5023
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 29/12/2021 answer text <p>The Government is concerned by the recent findings of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species, that 16 percent of dragonflies and damselflies are under threat of extinction globally. In England, 12 percent of the dragonflies and damselflies that breed here are threatened.</p><p> </p><p>As set out in the 25 Year Environment Plan, the Government is committed to taking action to recover our threatened native species. Natural England is taking action to conserve threatened dragonflies and damselflies through its Species Recovery Programme. For example, southern damselfly populations are being monitored and habitat condition improved. Under the ‘Back from the Brink’ partnership, habitat has been restored in Dorset, resulting in increased populations of southern damselfly at 3 out of 4 of sites.</p><p> </p><p>In England we have an extensive network of protected wildlife areas providing benefits for many species, including sites specifically designated for species of particular importance. A total of 93 SSSIs in England are notified for important dragonfly or damselfly populations, including threatened species such as Brilliant Emerald and Norfolk Hawker.</p><p> </p><p>The 25 Year Environment Plan commits us to restoring 75% of our one million hectares of terrestrial and freshwater protected sites to favourable condition by 2042.</p><p><em> </em></p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park question first answered 29/12/2021 13:39:55 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park
tabling member	259 label Biography information for The Marquess of Lothian

1388384

registered interest
date	15/12/2021
answering body	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept id	208
answering dept short name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept sort name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
hansard heading	France: Antisemitism
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what recent discussions they have had with the government of France regarding steps to counter levels of antisemitism in the UK and France.
tabling member printed	Lord Shinkwin
uin	HL5028
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 23/12/2021 answer text <p>The UK and France stand together in opposing antisemitism. The UK works with France and other partners in the UN, OSCE, G7 and Council of Europe to promote and protect freedom of religion or belief for all.</p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park question first answered 23/12/2021 13:04:51 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park
tabling member	4557 label Biography information for Lord Shinkwin

1388396

registered interest
date	15/12/2021
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Food: Production
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government, further to the remarks by Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park on 15 November (HL Deb, col 49GC), what are the reasons for the minister's view that the Earl of Caithness has argued that "the choice is between food production and ecological restoration".
tabling member printed	The Earl of Caithness
uin	HL5003
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 22/12/2021 answer text <p>My remark referred to comments made by my noble Friend during the passage of the Environment Bill, where he implied a focus on the environment could conflict with the need to produce food. The remark did not refer to the speech delivered by my noble Friend during the Beyond Brexit Debate (15 November 2021). The Government is committed to rewarding farmers and land managers for their role as environmental stewards and investing in productivity, through our future environmental land management schemes and current schemes like the recently launched Farming Investment Fund. A healthy environment is crucial to providing the ecosystem services which underpin a thriving agricultural sector, through fertile soils, clean water and pollination.</p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park question first answered 22/12/2021 15:55:19 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park
tabling member	3310 label Biography information for The Earl of Caithness

1387936

registered interest
date	14/12/2021
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Antimicrobials
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the impact of antimicrobials in personal care products on increasing antimicrobial resistance in (1) waterways, and (2) soils; and what plans they have, if any, to reduce these impacts.
tabling member printed	Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
uin	HL4926
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 24/12/2021 answer text <p>The Government takes antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment seriously, as set out through the cross-Government 20-year vision for AMR and the five-year National Action Plan, which has specific and ambitious commitments. Our aim is to minimise the potential threat of AMR from the dispersal of the drivers for resistance in the environment.</p><p> </p><p>The Environment Agency (EA) has developed a Prioritisation and Early Warning System (PEWS) for chemicals of emerging concern to ensure consideration of the potential risks of emerging chemicals including to surface waters (both freshwater and saline waters), groundwater and soils. The system allows the EA to sift and to screen any chemical substance nominated using, where available, hazard data and environmental monitoring data to prioritise whether a substance may be a possible chemical of concern in England.</p><p> </p><p>The EA has considered some personal care products as part of PEWS, however, only a sub-set of personal care products have antimicrobial properties. To date the EA has conducted screening on two personal care products with antimicrobial properties to understand the risk that they pose to the environment, but not specifically for the risk that their presence may pose to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The substances in the two personal care products included copper oxide and copper carbonate nanoparticles, and triclosan. The EA takes this information to inform its future work or the work of its partners.</p><p> </p><p>In broader work related to AMR in waterways and soil, the EA and Defra are running a new cross-departmental project called PATH-SAFE which contains a workstream focussed on AMR surveillance in two river catchments. This will strengthen our understanding of AMR in the environment, including the relative importance of different sources, transmission routes and, what the implications are for people, animals, food and ecosystems. The EA sludge strategy which is due to be implemented in 2023 will also consider the impacts of antimicrobial resistance and chemicals on soil health and quality.</p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park question first answered 24/12/2021 10:43:32 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park
tabling member	4719 label Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle

1387942

registered interest
date	14/12/2021
answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept id	13
answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
hansard heading	Timber: Drax Power Station
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government, further to the remarks by Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park to the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee of the House of Commons on 23 November (Q324), when they will issue a response on the source of pellets used by Drax; and whether they will publish the evidence used in their analysis.
tabling member printed	Baroness Boycott
uin	HL4933
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 29/12/2021 answer text <p>I refer the noble Lady to my response to the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee of the House of Commons, which was published on 15 December and is available at: <a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41426/default/" target="_blank">https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41426/default/</a>. A copy is also attached to this answer.</p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park question first answered 29/12/2021 15:30:38 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park attachment 1 file name Lord Goldsmith letter 6 Dec 2021 to EFRA Committee.pdf title Letter to EFRA Committee
tabling member	4704 label Biography information for Baroness Boycott