Linked Data API

Show Search Form

Search Results

1745564
star this property registered interest false more like this
star this property date less than 2024-11-28more like thismore than 2024-11-28
star this property answering body
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology more like this
star this property answering dept id 216 more like this
star this property answering dept short name Science, Innovation and Technology more like this
star this property answering dept sort name Science, Innovation and Technology more like this
star this property hansard heading Department for Science, Innovation and Technology: Policy more like this
star this property house id 1 more like this
star this property legislature
25259
star this property pref label House of Commons more like this
star this property question text To ask the Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology, how their Department defines strategy. more like this
star this property tabling member constituency Slough more like this
star this property tabling member printed
Mr Tanmanjeet Singh Dhesi more like this
unstar this property type
WrittenParliamentaryQuestion
star this property uin 16809 more like this
star this property answer
answer
star this property is ministerial correction false more like this
star this property date of answer less than 2024-12-06more like thismore than 2024-12-06
star this property answer text <p>The definition is detailed in the Functional Standards Common Glossary, which is published on the gov.uk website.</p> more like this
star this property answering member constituency Enfield North more like this
star this property answering member printed Feryal Clark more like this
star this property question first answered
less than 2024-12-06T14:01:24.153Zmore like thismore than 2024-12-06T14:01:24.153Z
star this property answering member
4822
star this property label Biography information for Feryal Clark more like this
star this property tabling member
4638
star this property label Biography information for Mr Tanmanjeet Singh Dhesi more like this
1743691
star this property registered interest false more like this
star this property date less than 2024-11-21more like thismore than 2024-11-21
star this property answering body
Department for Education more like this
star this property answering dept id 60 more like this
star this property answering dept short name Education more like this
star this property answering dept sort name Education more like this
star this property hansard heading Economics: Education more like this
star this property house id 2 more like this
star this property legislature
25277
star this property pref label House of Lords more like this
star this property question text To ask His Majesty's Government what steps they are taking to encourage the study of economics. more like this
star this property tabling member printed
Lord Swire more like this
unstar this property type
WrittenParliamentaryQuestion
star this property uin HL2772 more like this
star this property answer
answer
star this property is ministerial correction false more like this
star this property date of answer less than 2024-12-06more like thismore than 2024-12-06
star this property answer text <p>Qualifications in economics are available for schools to offer at GCSE and A level. Schools are free to decide which qualifications they will offer in each subject they teach. As part of their duty to teach a broad and balanced curriculum, schools are expected to offer a range of subject options to help meet the aspirations of all pupils.</p><p>The government has established an independent Curriculum and Assessment Review, covering ages 5 to 18, chaired by Professor Becky Francis CBE. It will seek to refresh the curriculum to ensure it is cutting edge, fit for purpose and meeting the needs of children and young people to support their future life and work.</p><p>The terms of reference for the independent Curriculum and Assessment Review is attached and can also be found here: <a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/66d196b7d107658faec7e3db/Curriculum_and_assessment_review_-_aims_terms_of_reference_and_working_principles.pdf" target="_blank">https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/66d196b7d107658faec7e3db/Curriculum_and_assessment_review_-_aims_terms_of_reference_and_working_principles.pdf</a>.</p><p>.</p><p> </p>
star this property answering member printed Baroness Smith of Malvern more like this
star this property question first answered
less than 2024-12-06T13:56:44.567Zmore like thismore than 2024-12-06T13:56:44.567Z
star this property answering member
269
star this property label Biography information for Baroness Smith of Malvern more like this
star this property attachment
1
star this property file name Curriculum and assessment review - terms of reference.pdf more like this
star this property title HL2772 attachment more like this
star this property tabling member
1408
star this property label Biography information for Lord Swire more like this
1743659
star this property registered interest false more like this
star this property date less than 2024-11-21more like thismore than 2024-11-21
star this property answering body
Department for Education more like this
star this property answering dept id 60 more like this
star this property answering dept short name Education more like this
star this property answering dept sort name Education more like this
star this property hansard heading English Language: Education more like this
star this property house id 2 more like this
star this property legislature
25277
star this property pref label House of Lords more like this
star this property question text To ask His Majesty's Government what steps they are taking to improve English language proficiency amongst those with English as a second language. more like this
star this property tabling member printed
Lord Gilbert of Panteg more like this
unstar this property type
WrittenParliamentaryQuestion
star this property uin HL2740 more like this
star this property answer
answer
star this property is ministerial correction false more like this
star this property date of answer less than 2024-12-06more like thismore than 2024-12-06
star this property answer text <p>Schools are allocated funding through the English as an additional language factor in the national funding formula which they can draw on to support pupils. This directs funding to schools (worth £590 per eligible primary pupil and £1,585 per eligible secondary pupil) based on the number of pupils on roll who are classed as having a first language other than English and who have started in the state-funded education system in England in the last three years. Schools are responsible for ensuring that all pupils can access the full curriculum and have flexibility in how they spend their overall budgets to put appropriate support provision in place. No recent assessment has been made of the adequacy of this approach for pupils with a first language other than English. However, the government will keep the matter under review.</p><p>In addition, the government supports adults aged 19 and over in England who are non-native speakers to access English for speakers of other languages (ESOL) provision, funded through the adult skills fund (ASF). Currently, approximately 60% of the ASF is devolved to nine Mayoral Combined Authorities (MCAs) and delegated to the Mayor of London acting through the Greater London Authority. These authorities are responsible for the provision of adult education and allocation of the ASF in their local areas. The Education and Skills Funding Agency is responsible for the remaining ASF in non-devolved areas where colleges and training providers have the freedom and flexibility to determine how they use their ASF to meet the needs of their communities.</p><p>In non-devolved skills areas, individuals aged 19 and over, including refugees, those granted humanitarian protection and asylum seekers, can be fully funded or co-funded to study ESOL depending on their employment status and salary, and provided they meet the residency criteria set out in the ASF Funding and Performance Management Rules.</p><p> </p>
star this property answering member printed Baroness Smith of Malvern more like this
star this property question first answered
less than 2024-12-06T13:56:03.187Zmore like thismore than 2024-12-06T13:56:03.187Z
star this property answering member
269
star this property label Biography information for Baroness Smith of Malvern more like this
star this property tabling member
4543
star this property label Biography information for Lord Gilbert of Panteg more like this
1745057
star this property registered interest false more like this
star this property date less than 2024-11-27more like thismore than 2024-11-27
star this property answering body
Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government more like this
star this property answering dept id 7 more like this
star this property answering dept short name Housing, Communities and Local Government more like this
star this property answering dept sort name Housing, Communities and Local Government more like this
star this property hansard heading Community Relations more like this
star this property house id 1 more like this
star this property legislature
25259
star this property pref label House of Commons more like this
star this property question text To ask the Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government, what steps she is taking to promote community cohesion. more like this
star this property tabling member constituency Caerphilly more like this
star this property tabling member printed
Chris Evans more like this
unstar this property type
WrittenParliamentaryQuestion
star this property uin 16480 more like this
star this property answer
answer
star this property is ministerial correction false more like this
star this property date of answer less than 2024-12-06more like thismore than 2024-12-06
star this property answer text <p>The Government has made £15 million available to the places most severely affected by the violent disorder of the summer through the Community Recovery Fund. Officials from my department have also carried out an extensive engagement process with these places to understand and address the underlying causes of the unrest.</p><p>This Government is determined to take a long-term, strategic approach to building social cohesion. This is a priority and I have stood up a cross-government Communities &amp; Recovery Steering Group to oversee this work.</p><p>This Government is committed to ensuring that communities across Britain are safe, resilient, and united.</p> more like this
star this property answering member constituency Nottingham North and Kimberley more like this
star this property answering member printed Alex Norris more like this
star this property question first answered
less than 2024-12-06T13:56:00.453Zmore like thismore than 2024-12-06T13:56:00.453Z
star this property answering member
4641
star this property label Biography information for Alex Norris more like this
star this property tabling member
4040
star this property label Biography information for Chris Evans more like this
1743670
star this property registered interest false more like this
star this property date less than 2024-11-21more like thismore than 2024-11-21
star this property answering body
Department for Education more like this
star this property answering dept id 60 more like this
star this property answering dept short name Education more like this
star this property answering dept sort name Education more like this
star this property hansard heading Training: Environment Protection more like this
star this property house id 2 more like this
star this property legislature
25277
star this property pref label House of Lords more like this
star this property question text To ask His Majesty's Government what plans they have to retrain the workforce to ensure that the UK has the right skills in the right areas to transition to a low-carbon economy. more like this
star this property tabling member printed
Lord Knight of Weymouth more like this
unstar this property type
WrittenParliamentaryQuestion
star this property uin HL2751 more like this
star this property answer
answer
star this property is ministerial correction false more like this
star this property date of answer less than 2024-12-06more like thismore than 2024-12-06
star this property answer text <p>Skills is a devolved matter. This response outlines the information for England only.</p><p>The government is committed to the UK becoming a Clean Energy Superpower, achieving clean power by 2030 and net zero carbon emissions by 2050.</p><p>The government is working to ensure that the current and future skills system in England supports workers to retrain for the low carbon economy. This includes the new growth and skills offer, which will prioritise investment that supports economic growth, increases opportunity, better meets employers’ skills needs, and increases investment in skills shortage areas. The Autumn Budget 2024 announced an investment of £40 million to help deliver new foundation and shorter apprenticeships in key sectors, an additional £300 million for our further education (FE) sector, as well as £300 million of capital funding for FE condition, to support the development of the skills the country needs.</p><p>Over 40 of the occupational standards that underpin technical education in England are directly supportive of the clean energy industry. Others support insulation and energy efficiency in construction.</p><p>The government is committed to delivering the Lifelong Learning Entitlement, which will launch in the 2026/27 academic year for courses starting from January 2027. This will broaden access to high-quality, flexible education and training by providing funding for full courses as well as modules of high-value courses. Skills Bootcamps are available to support the workforce to gain new skills, including skills for the low carbon economy.</p><p>Skills England is a new national body which will bring together key partners to meet the skills needs of the next decade across all the regions and create a shared national ambition to boost England’s skills. It will provide authoritative assessments of skills needs; ensure a comprehensive suite of apprenticeships, training, and technical qualifications; and work with devolved areas and regional organisations to ensure skills needs are met. Skills England will work closely with the Office for Clean Energy Jobs at the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero, which has been set up with a focus on developing a skilled workforce in core energy and net zero sectors. Skills England published its first report in September, highlighting the skills needed to support targets on net zero, the Clean Energy Mission and UK targets for environmental improvements.</p><p>My right hon. Friend, the Secretary of State for Education has designated employer representative bodies (ERBs) to lead Local Skills Improvement Plans (LSIPs) across England. Education and training providers must have regard to the LSIP when making decisions on provision that may be relevant to the skills, capabilities or expertise required now or in the future in their area.</p>
star this property answering member printed Baroness Smith of Malvern more like this
star this property question first answered
less than 2024-12-06T13:55:10.837Zmore like thismore than 2024-12-06T13:55:10.837Z
star this property answering member
269
star this property label Biography information for Baroness Smith of Malvern more like this
star this property tabling member
4160
star this property label Biography information for Lord Knight of Weymouth more like this
1745345
star this property registered interest false more like this
star this property date less than 2024-11-27more like thismore than 2024-11-27
star this property answering body
Department for Work and Pensions more like this
star this property answering dept id 29 more like this
star this property answering dept short name Work and Pensions more like this
star this property answering dept sort name Work and Pensions more like this
star this property hansard heading Employment: Equality and Health more like this
star this property house id 2 more like this
star this property legislature
25277
star this property pref label House of Lords more like this
star this property question text To ask His Majesty's Government whether the independent review into the role of employers in creating and maintaining healthy and inclusive workplaces will have proper regard to the proposals in the Disability Employment Charter. more like this
star this property tabling member printed
Lord Shinkwin more like this
unstar this property type
WrittenParliamentaryQuestion
star this property uin HL3016 more like this
star this property answer
answer
star this property is ministerial correction false more like this
star this property date of answer less than 2024-12-06more like thismore than 2024-12-06
star this property answer text <p>We are shortly going to launch “Keep Britain Working”, an independent review into the role of UK employers in reducing health-related inactivity and to promote healthy and inclusive workplaces, led by the former Chair of John Lewis, Sir Charlie Mayfield. Sir Charlie Mayfield is recognised and respected in the business community and is ideally placed to engage with employers, businesses, disabled people and their representative organisations.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>In appointing Sir Charlie Mayfield as the Lead Reviewer, we have taken due regard to the Nolan principles, and the Terms of Engagement for this review will commit the chair to conducting their appointment by these principles.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>We will work closely with the lead reviewer to ensure appropriate stakeholders are engaged as the review progresses. We are looking to engage a broad range of stakeholders across the country, including employers, employees across various sectors, clinical practitioners, and lived experience. An expert panel will be established following the results of the discovery phase, and will be supported by a diverse range of external stakeholders.</p><p> </p><p>The review will give appropriate consideration to proposals from all stakeholders, including the Disability Employment Charter.</p><p> </p><p>We want to work alongside employers, disabled people, and people with long-term health conditions to understand this problem, and do our part to support them. We will work to strengthen these relationships and trust, and welcome any insights that are shared through this review.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>In addition to this independent review, the department is working to establish a disability panel to consult disabled people as part of our wider efforts to ensure that the views and voices of disabled people are put at the heart of the design and delivery of our reforms. Once established, the panel will be engaged on the independent review.</p>
star this property answering member printed Baroness Sherlock more like this
star this property grouped question UIN
HL3013 more like this
HL3014 more like this
HL3015 more like this
star this property question first answered
less than 2024-12-06T13:53:47.287Zmore like thismore than 2024-12-06T13:53:47.287Z
star this property answering member
4147
star this property label Biography information for Baroness Sherlock more like this
star this property tabling member
4557
star this property label Biography information for Lord Shinkwin more like this
1745344
star this property registered interest false more like this
star this property date less than 2024-11-27more like thismore than 2024-11-27
star this property answering body
Department for Work and Pensions more like this
star this property answering dept id 29 more like this
star this property answering dept short name Work and Pensions more like this
star this property answering dept sort name Work and Pensions more like this
star this property hansard heading Employment: Equality and Health more like this
star this property house id 2 more like this
star this property legislature
25277
star this property pref label House of Lords more like this
star this property question text To ask His Majesty's Government what methods they plan to employ to engage with disabled people and people with long-term health conditions and their representative organisations in developing the independent review into the role of employers in creating and maintaining healthy and inclusive workplaces. more like this
star this property tabling member printed
Lord Shinkwin more like this
unstar this property type
WrittenParliamentaryQuestion
star this property uin HL3015 more like this
star this property answer
answer
star this property is ministerial correction false more like this
star this property date of answer less than 2024-12-06more like thismore than 2024-12-06
star this property answer text <p>We are shortly going to launch “Keep Britain Working”, an independent review into the role of UK employers in reducing health-related inactivity and to promote healthy and inclusive workplaces, led by the former Chair of John Lewis, Sir Charlie Mayfield. Sir Charlie Mayfield is recognised and respected in the business community and is ideally placed to engage with employers, businesses, disabled people and their representative organisations.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>In appointing Sir Charlie Mayfield as the Lead Reviewer, we have taken due regard to the Nolan principles, and the Terms of Engagement for this review will commit the chair to conducting their appointment by these principles.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>We will work closely with the lead reviewer to ensure appropriate stakeholders are engaged as the review progresses. We are looking to engage a broad range of stakeholders across the country, including employers, employees across various sectors, clinical practitioners, and lived experience. An expert panel will be established following the results of the discovery phase, and will be supported by a diverse range of external stakeholders.</p><p> </p><p>The review will give appropriate consideration to proposals from all stakeholders, including the Disability Employment Charter.</p><p> </p><p>We want to work alongside employers, disabled people, and people with long-term health conditions to understand this problem, and do our part to support them. We will work to strengthen these relationships and trust, and welcome any insights that are shared through this review.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>In addition to this independent review, the department is working to establish a disability panel to consult disabled people as part of our wider efforts to ensure that the views and voices of disabled people are put at the heart of the design and delivery of our reforms. Once established, the panel will be engaged on the independent review.</p>
star this property answering member printed Baroness Sherlock more like this
star this property grouped question UIN
HL3013 more like this
HL3014 more like this
HL3016 more like this
star this property question first answered
less than 2024-12-06T13:53:47.257Zmore like thismore than 2024-12-06T13:53:47.257Z
star this property answering member
4147
star this property label Biography information for Baroness Sherlock more like this
star this property tabling member
4557
star this property label Biography information for Lord Shinkwin more like this
1745343
star this property registered interest false more like this
star this property date less than 2024-11-27more like thismore than 2024-11-27
star this property answering body
Department for Work and Pensions more like this
star this property answering dept id 29 more like this
star this property answering dept short name Work and Pensions more like this
star this property answering dept sort name Work and Pensions more like this
star this property hansard heading Employment: Equality and Health more like this
star this property house id 2 more like this
star this property legislature
25277
star this property pref label House of Lords more like this
star this property question text To ask His Majesty's Government whether the independent review into the role of employers in creating and maintaining healthy and inclusive workplaces will be chaired by a disabled person; whether their appointment process will be subject to the Nolan principles; and what proportion of the review panel will be disabled. more like this
star this property tabling member printed
Lord Shinkwin more like this
unstar this property type
WrittenParliamentaryQuestion
star this property uin HL3014 more like this
star this property answer
answer
star this property is ministerial correction false more like this
star this property date of answer less than 2024-12-06more like thismore than 2024-12-06
star this property answer text <p>We are shortly going to launch “Keep Britain Working”, an independent review into the role of UK employers in reducing health-related inactivity and to promote healthy and inclusive workplaces, led by the former Chair of John Lewis, Sir Charlie Mayfield. Sir Charlie Mayfield is recognised and respected in the business community and is ideally placed to engage with employers, businesses, disabled people and their representative organisations.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>In appointing Sir Charlie Mayfield as the Lead Reviewer, we have taken due regard to the Nolan principles, and the Terms of Engagement for this review will commit the chair to conducting their appointment by these principles.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>We will work closely with the lead reviewer to ensure appropriate stakeholders are engaged as the review progresses. We are looking to engage a broad range of stakeholders across the country, including employers, employees across various sectors, clinical practitioners, and lived experience. An expert panel will be established following the results of the discovery phase, and will be supported by a diverse range of external stakeholders.</p><p> </p><p>The review will give appropriate consideration to proposals from all stakeholders, including the Disability Employment Charter.</p><p> </p><p>We want to work alongside employers, disabled people, and people with long-term health conditions to understand this problem, and do our part to support them. We will work to strengthen these relationships and trust, and welcome any insights that are shared through this review.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>In addition to this independent review, the department is working to establish a disability panel to consult disabled people as part of our wider efforts to ensure that the views and voices of disabled people are put at the heart of the design and delivery of our reforms. Once established, the panel will be engaged on the independent review.</p>
star this property answering member printed Baroness Sherlock more like this
star this property grouped question UIN
HL3013 more like this
HL3015 more like this
HL3016 more like this
star this property question first answered
less than 2024-12-06T13:53:47.227Zmore like thismore than 2024-12-06T13:53:47.227Z
star this property answering member
4147
star this property label Biography information for Baroness Sherlock more like this
star this property tabling member
4557
star this property label Biography information for Lord Shinkwin more like this
1745342
star this property registered interest false more like this
star this property date less than 2024-11-27more like thismore than 2024-11-27
star this property answering body
Department for Work and Pensions more like this
star this property answering dept id 29 more like this
star this property answering dept short name Work and Pensions more like this
star this property answering dept sort name Work and Pensions more like this
star this property hansard heading Employment: Equality and Health more like this
star this property house id 2 more like this
star this property legislature
25277
star this property pref label House of Lords more like this
star this property question text To ask His Majesty's Government when they plan to commence the independent review into the role of employers in creating and maintaining healthy and inclusive workplaces. more like this
star this property tabling member printed
Lord Shinkwin more like this
unstar this property type
WrittenParliamentaryQuestion
star this property uin HL3013 more like this
star this property answer
answer
star this property is ministerial correction false more like this
star this property date of answer less than 2024-12-06more like thismore than 2024-12-06
star this property answer text <p>We are shortly going to launch “Keep Britain Working”, an independent review into the role of UK employers in reducing health-related inactivity and to promote healthy and inclusive workplaces, led by the former Chair of John Lewis, Sir Charlie Mayfield. Sir Charlie Mayfield is recognised and respected in the business community and is ideally placed to engage with employers, businesses, disabled people and their representative organisations.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>In appointing Sir Charlie Mayfield as the Lead Reviewer, we have taken due regard to the Nolan principles, and the Terms of Engagement for this review will commit the chair to conducting their appointment by these principles.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>We will work closely with the lead reviewer to ensure appropriate stakeholders are engaged as the review progresses. We are looking to engage a broad range of stakeholders across the country, including employers, employees across various sectors, clinical practitioners, and lived experience. An expert panel will be established following the results of the discovery phase, and will be supported by a diverse range of external stakeholders.</p><p> </p><p>The review will give appropriate consideration to proposals from all stakeholders, including the Disability Employment Charter.</p><p> </p><p>We want to work alongside employers, disabled people, and people with long-term health conditions to understand this problem, and do our part to support them. We will work to strengthen these relationships and trust, and welcome any insights that are shared through this review.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>In addition to this independent review, the department is working to establish a disability panel to consult disabled people as part of our wider efforts to ensure that the views and voices of disabled people are put at the heart of the design and delivery of our reforms. Once established, the panel will be engaged on the independent review.</p>
star this property answering member printed Baroness Sherlock more like this
star this property grouped question UIN
HL3014 more like this
HL3015 more like this
HL3016 more like this
star this property question first answered
less than 2024-12-06T13:53:47.193Zmore like thismore than 2024-12-06T13:53:47.193Z
star this property answering member
4147
star this property label Biography information for Baroness Sherlock more like this
star this property tabling member
4557
star this property label Biography information for Lord Shinkwin more like this
1744967
star this property registered interest false more like this
star this property date less than 2024-11-26more like thismore than 2024-11-26
star this property answering body
Treasury more like this
star this property answering dept id 14 more like this
star this property answering dept short name Treasury more like this
star this property answering dept sort name Treasury more like this
star this property hansard heading Listed Buildings: VAT more like this
star this property house id 2 more like this
star this property legislature
25277
star this property pref label House of Lords more like this
star this property question text To ask His Majesty's Government what plans they have to reduce VAT on work to maintain and repair listed properties. more like this
star this property tabling member printed
Lord Mackinlay of Richborough more like this
unstar this property type
WrittenParliamentaryQuestion
star this property uin HL2928 more like this
star this property answer
answer
star this property is ministerial correction false more like this
star this property date of answer less than 2024-12-06more like thismore than 2024-12-06
star this property answer text <p>The Government has no plans to reduce the VAT charged on work to maintain and repair listed properties.</p><p> </p><p>VAT is a broad-based tax on consumption and the 20 per cent standard rate applies to most goods and services. VAT is the UK’s second largest tax forecast to raise £171 billion in 2024/25. Taxation is a vital source of revenue that helps to fund vital public services.</p><p> </p><p>Evidence suggests that businesses only partially pass on any savings from lower VAT rates. In some cases, reliefs do not represent good value for money, as there is no guarantee that savings will be passed on to consumers.</p><p> </p><p>To preserve heritage, restorative work carried out on listed buildings previously benefited from a zero rate of VAT. However, this relief was abolished in 2012, as it was primarily used to carry out extension work unnecessary for heritage purposes. Withdrawing this relief simplified VAT rules and also removed the scope for error when categorising construction work as either alteration or repair.</p><p> </p><p>The Department for Culture, Media and Sport administer the Listed Places of Worship Grant Scheme. This provides grants towards VAT paid on repairs and maintenance to the nation's listed places of worship.</p><p> </p><p>The Government keeps all tax policy under review, and any decisions on tax policy will be announced at fiscal events in the context of the overall public finances.</p>
star this property answering member printed Lord Livermore more like this
star this property question first answered
less than 2024-12-06T13:52:27.663Zmore like thismore than 2024-12-06T13:52:27.663Z
star this property answering member
4559
star this property label Biography information for Lord Livermore more like this
star this property tabling member
4529
star this property label Biography information for Lord Mackinlay of Richborough more like this