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<p>The UK Space Agency (UKSA) is primarily supporting electric propulsion projects
via our European Space Agency (ESA) membership, which has provided a total of approximately
€90m funding to support development of UK electric propulsion systems to date. This
includes €63m which supported UK companies to develop electric thrusters for flagship
ESA missions, €6m through Horizon2020 to enable system development and upskill UK
networks, and €9m to develop an independent UK end-to-end electric propulsion system.
UKSA is also exploring nuclear electric propulsion for rapid interplanetary transit
and novel water-based propellants for future off-world refuelling.</p>
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