National statistics on the number of people in relative and absolute low income are set out in the annual "Households Below Average Income" publication. The number and proportion of children in low income is not available at local authority or constituency level in this publication because the survey sample sizes are too small to support the production of robust estimates at this geography.<\/p>
3-year estimates for the proportion of children in before and after housing cost low income in the Wales region are available using the link below, in the file \u201cchildren-hbai-timeseries-1994-95-2017-18-tables.ods\u201d.<\/p>
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/789816/hbai-2017-2018-tables-ods-files.zip<\/a><\/p> Table 4.16ts shows child relative low income estimates and table 4.22ts shows child absolute low income estimates.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4423", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Will Quince"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Colchester"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Will Quince"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2019-06-12", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2019-06-12T11:56:18.87Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "29"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2019-06-07", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Poverty: Children"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, what assessment he has made of trends in the level of child poverty (a) before and (b) after housing costs have been taken into account in each local authority in Wales in each year for which data is available.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/534", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Chris Ruane"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Vale of Clwyd"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Chris Ruane"}
], "uin" : "261483"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1128568", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Work and Pensions"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1128568/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " This Government is committed to a sustainable solution to poverty so that we improve children\u2019s long-term outcomes. This means a strong economy and a benefit system that supports employment and higher pay. Children in households where all adults are working are around 5 times less likely to be in poverty than those in workless households. Compared to 2010, there are 1 million fewer workless households and 665,000 fewer children in workless households.<\/p> Absolute low income takes the 60 per cent of median income threshold from 2010/11 and moves this in line with inflation. This is designed to assess how low incomes are faring with reference to inflation. The percentage of individuals in absolute low income will decrease if individuals with lower incomes see their real incomes rising (increasing by more than inflation).<\/p> <\/p> Trends in the number of children in absolute poverty can be found using the link below, in table 4.4tr, in the file \u201cchildren-trends-hbai-1994-95-2017-18-tables.ods\u201d.<\/p> <\/p>
<\/p><\/td> | 2010-2011 to 2011-2012<\/p><\/td> | 2011-2012 to 2012-2013<\/p><\/td> | 2012-2013 to 2013-2014<\/p><\/td> | 2013-2014 to 2014-2015<\/p><\/td> | 2014-2015 to 2015-2016<\/p><\/td> | 2015-2016 to 2016-2017<\/p><\/td><\/tr> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
% children entering poverty<\/strong><\/p><\/td> 6<\/p><\/td> 6<\/p><\/td> 6<\/p><\/td> 7<\/p><\/td> 6<\/p><\/td> 7<\/p><\/td><\/tr> % children exiting poverty<\/strong><\/p><\/td> 34<\/p><\/td> 35<\/p><\/td> 37<\/p><\/td> 33<\/p><\/td> 33<\/p><\/td> 35<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table> <\/p> The percentage of children entering poverty is the percentage of only those children who were not in poverty<\/em> in the earlier year but who were in poverty the following year. The percentage of children exiting poverty is the percentage of only those children who were in poverty <\/em>in the earlier year but who were out of poverty the following year. Entry and exit rates are very different (since entry / exit rates are expressed as a percentage of only those not previously in poverty / previously in poverty respectively).<\/p> The threshold used is 60 per cent of median equivalised household income Before Housing Costs (BHC). Since household incomes are subject to measurement error, and the threshold is subject to sampling and measurement error, the analysis only includes \u2018clear\u2019 transitions. For an entry/exit to count, household incomes must cross the 60 per cent of median income threshold and be at least 10 per cent higher / lower than the threshold in the following year.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3349", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Buscombe"}
}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Baroness Buscombe"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2019-06-04", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2019-06-04T16:27:01.013Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "29"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2019-05-20", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Poverty: Children"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask Her Majesty's Government, further to the Written Answer by Lord Agnew of Oulton on 16 May (HL15606), whether they will now answer the question put.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/217", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Primarolo"}
}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Primarolo"}
], "uin" : "HL15853"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1126653", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Work and Pensions"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1126653/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " Estimates of the number of children living in low income are published in the Households Below Average Income (HBAI) series. The latest publication is available here<\/a>.<\/p> <\/p> Estimates of the number of children in absolute low income households before housing costs in each year since 2005 are available below:<\/p> <\/p> Year<\/p><\/td> Number of children living in absolute low income households before housing costs<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2004/05<\/p><\/td> 3.0m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2005/06<\/p><\/td> 3.1m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2006/07<\/p><\/td> 3.0m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2007/08<\/p><\/td> 2.9m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2008/09<\/p><\/td> 2.8m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2009/10<\/p><\/td> 2.5m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2010/11<\/p><\/td> 2.3m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2011/12<\/p><\/td> 2.6m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2012/13<\/p><\/td> 2.5m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2013/14<\/p><\/td> 2.4m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2014/15<\/p><\/td> 2.3m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2015/16<\/p><\/td> 2.3m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2016/17<\/p><\/td> 2.2m<\/p><\/td><\/tr> 2017/18<\/p><\/td> 2.5m<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4423", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Will Quince"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Colchester"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Will Quince"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2019-05-20", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2019-05-20T16:38:42.783Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "29"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2019-05-14", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Poverty: Children"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, what estimates he has made the number of children in absolute child poverty in each year since 2005.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/534", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Chris Ruane"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Vale of Clwyd"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Chris Ruane"}
], "uin" : "254154"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1109510", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Work and Pensions"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1109510/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " An Impact Assessment of the benefit freeze was published in 2015. The Welfare Reforms such as the benefit freeze were designed to incentivise parents to choose to move into and progress in work. Evidence shows that work is the best route out of poverty. Children in workless households are five time more likely to be in poverty than those in households where all adults were working.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4423", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Will Quince"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Colchester"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Will Quince"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2019-04-08", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2019-04-08T10:56:13.853Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "29"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2019-04-03", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Poverty: Children"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, what assessment her Department has made of the effect of the benefit freeze on child poverty rates.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/163", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Sir Stephen Timms"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "East Ham"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Stephen Timms"}
], "uin" : "240462"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1090941", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Work and Pensions"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1090941/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " |