{ "format" : "linked-data-api", "version" : "0.2", "result" : {"_about" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?hansardHeading=Poultry%3A+Antibiotics", "definition" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/meta/answeredquestions.text?hansardHeading=Poultry%3A+Antibiotics", "extendedMetadataVersion" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?_metadata=all&hansardHeading=Poultry%3A+Antibiotics", "first" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?_page=0&hansardHeading=Poultry%3A+Antibiotics", "hasPart" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?hansardHeading=Poultry%3A+Antibiotics", "isPartOf" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?hansardHeading=Poultry%3A+Antibiotics", "items" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1651483", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1651483/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The UK Government is committed to reducing unnecessary use of antibiotics in animals, while safeguarding animal welfare. It has been our position for many years that we do not support the routine or predictable use of antibiotics, including where antibiotics are used to compensate for inadequate farming practices. This applies to all types of antibiotic use (i.e those prescribed for treatment, metaphylactic purposes and for prophylactic purposes) because any antibiotic use may lead to an increased risk of resistance.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>The Veterinary Medicines Regulations 2013 are currently under review and the UK Government\u2019s proposed new legal restrictions will prohibit antibiotic prophylaxis, in all but exceptional circumstances, in order to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use while also protecting animal welfare, and allowing changes to prescribing practices to be made sustainably. A public consultation on the proposed changes was held earlier this year, feedback is currently being analysed and considered, and a government response will be published in due course.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>Highest Priority Critically Important Antibiotics for human use (which include fluoroquinolones) should only be used in animals as a last resort when no other antibiotics could be clinically effective and, wherever possible, based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>The Veterinary Medicines Directorate works closely with the British Poultry Council (BPC), an industry group which represents 90% of the meat poultry sector in the UK, on its antimicrobial stewardship efforts to replace, reduce and refine antibiotic use, by supporting good animal husbandry, hygiene and stockmanship. The BPC has a requirement that fluoroquinolones are only used as a last resort after alternative options have been explored. These actions have led to a 96% reduction in fluroquinolone use in meat poultry between 2014 and 2021, with fluoroquinolones representing just 0.3% of total antibiotic use in 2021.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>Furthermore, when considering laying hens, antibiotic use data collected by the British Egg Industry Council, and representing 90% of the industry, has demonstrated no fluoroquinolone use since 2017.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1547", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Lord Benyon"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Lord Benyon"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2023-07-14", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2023-07-14T12:13:32.967Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2023-07-10", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Poultry: Antibiotics"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "2"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25277", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Lords"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask His Majesty's Government what plans they have to ban the use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics for prophylactic and metaphylactic use in British poultry farming, with a view to limiting antimicrobial resistance.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4719", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle"}
      ], "uin" : "HL9196"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1646299", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1646299/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>In order to export meat to Great Britain, GB import conditions must be met. For food products, this includes a requirement for exporting countries to regulate the use of veterinary medicines.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>Fluroquinolones are permitted for use in meat production, both domestically and in imported meat products. However, withdrawal periods prior to slaughter must be adhered to, as well as residue levels, the maximum limits of which are the same for both domestic and imported meat.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4055", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Sir Mark Spencer"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Sherwood"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mark Spencer"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2023-06-29", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2023-06-29T12:07:08.517Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2023-06-21", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Poultry: Antibiotics"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what assessment her Department has made of the implications for her policies of the use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics by overseas poultry producers who supply the UK market.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4006", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Dr Matthew Offord"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Hendon"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Dr Matthew Offord"}
      ], "uin" : "190534"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1646052", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1646052/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The Secretary of State has not had any discussions with retailers or producers on the sale of chickens treated with fluoroquinolone antibiotics. There was an 89% reduction in fluroquinolone use in broiler chickens between 2014 and 2021, with fluoroquinolones representing just 0.4% of total antibiotic use in broilers in 2021.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4055", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Sir Mark Spencer"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Sherwood"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mark Spencer"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2023-07-04", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2023-07-04T14:29:51.417Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2023-06-20", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Poultry: Antibiotics"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, whether she has had discussions with food (a) retailers and (b) producers onthe sale of chickens treated with fluoroquinolone antibiotics.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1500", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Theresa Villiers"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Chipping Barnet"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Theresa Villiers"}
      ], "uin" : "190300"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1646054", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1646054/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>Defra does not hold this data. All countries eligible to export poultry meat to the UK must have an approved plan for the control of residues of veterinary medicines in foodstuffs. This control plan will include testing for antibiotics, and trading partners must be able to demonstrate that their plan and maximum permitted residue levels are equivalent to our own domestic standards.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4055", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Sir Mark Spencer"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Sherwood"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mark Spencer"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2023-06-29", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2023-06-29T09:22:20.253Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2023-06-20", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Poultry: Antibiotics"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, how much chicken treated with fluoroquinolone antibiotics was imported in each of the last five years.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1500", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Theresa Villiers"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Chipping Barnet"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Theresa Villiers"}
      ], "uin" : "190302"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1140181", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1140181/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The British Poultry Council, representing 90% of UK chicken meat, reported a reduction in use from 49 mg/kg in 2014 to 10 mg/kg in 2017 (latest data). Their current published ambition is to keep use below 25 mg/kg.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>The UK national cross-government 5 Year action plan on antibiotic resistance includes our commitment to work with vets and farmers to keep sector targets under review and define new antibiotic use objectives by 2021.<\/p><p> <\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3934", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for George Eustice"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Camborne and Redruth"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "George Eustice"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2019-07-31", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2019-07-31T14:59:39.013Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2019-07-18", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Poultry: Antibiotics"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what plans his Department has to reduce the use of antibiotics in chicken farming.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4006", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Dr Matthew Offord"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Hendon"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Dr Matthew Offord"}
      ], "uin" : "278963"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/824436", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/824436/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The Food Standards Agency (FSA) assesses the risk of acquiring Antimicrobial Resistance-related infections through the consumption and handling of contaminated poultry meat to be very low. Thorough cooking (and pasteurisation) will destroy bacteria present on food, including those that are resistant to some antibiotics. The FSA promotes the importance that good hygiene practices are in place to minimise the risk of infection and spread of AMR bacteria when handling raw meat.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>The use of antibiotics is one of the drivers for selection of resistance. Through its antibiotic stewardship programme, the UK meat poultry industry has significantly reduced the use of antibiotics including those of critical importance to public health. The British Poultry Council, who represents 90% of the meat poultry sector, reported a 72% reduction in the use of fluoroquinolones between 2012 and 2016.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/3934", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for George Eustice"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Camborne and Redruth"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "George Eustice"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2018-01-25", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2018-01-25T15:03:37.147Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "13"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Environment, Food and Rural Affairs"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2018-01-17", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Poultry: Antibiotics"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what assessment his Department has made of the potential health risks to humans of medicating poultry with fluoroquinolone antibiotics.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4658", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Alex Sobel"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Leeds North West"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Alex Sobel"}
      ], "uin" : "123237"}
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