{ "format" : "linked-data-api", "version" : "0.2", "result" : {"_about" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?min-answer.dateOfAnswer=2014-12-15&max-date=2015-12-02&version=1&hansardHeading=Judicial+Review", "definition" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/meta/answeredquestions.text?min-answer.dateOfAnswer=2014-12-15&max-date=2015-12-02&version=1&hansardHeading=Judicial+Review", "extendedMetadataVersion" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?min-answer.dateOfAnswer=2014-12-15&max-date=2015-12-02&_metadata=all&version=1&hansardHeading=Judicial+Review", "first" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?min-answer.dateOfAnswer=2014-12-15&_page=0&max-date=2015-12-02&version=1&hansardHeading=Judicial+Review", "hasPart" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?min-answer.dateOfAnswer=2014-12-15&max-date=2015-12-02&version=1&hansardHeading=Judicial+Review", "isPartOf" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?min-answer.dateOfAnswer=2014-12-15&max-date=2015-12-02&version=1&hansardHeading=Judicial+Review", "items" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/435998", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Ministry of Justice"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/435998/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The government has always been clear that judicial review, when used properly, is a crucial component of the rule of law.<\/p><p>But too often the system is open to abuse. That is why we have taken forward reform, such as the creation of the Planning Court, which we have implemented with the assistance of the judiciary, and the changes in the Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015, which we are implementing. The reforms will speed up the process for people who have arguable grounds and a genuine case to put.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4007", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Dominic Raab"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Esher and Walton"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Dominic Raab"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2015-12-08", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2015-12-08T16:47:10.073Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "54"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-12-02", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Judicial Review"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, what plans he has to reform judicial review.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4515", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Kate Osamor"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Edmonton"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Kate Osamor"}
      ], "uin" : "902611"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/177246", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Ministry of Justice"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/177246/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p /> <p>The Government\u2019s reforms to judicial review provide a more balanced and practicable approach that will ensure cases with merit can proceed quickly through to resolution and unmeritorious claims which abuse the system and cause unnecessary delays are filtered out at the earliest opportunity.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>There is nothing in the reform package which undermines the constitutional role of judicial review as a vital check on the State.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1453", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Andrew Selous"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "South West Bedfordshire"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Andrew Selous"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2015-02-03", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2015-02-03T17:33:17.487Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "54"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-01-28", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Judicial Review"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, what steps the Government is taking to uphold the constitutional importance of judicial review.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4269", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Andy McDonald"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Middlesbrough"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Andy McDonald"}
      ], "uin" : "907383"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/172602", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Ministry of Justice"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/172602/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The Department does not keep a central record of the legal spend and the outcome in every judicial review brought against it or its associated bodies.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>To bring together the information sought would incur disproportionate cost.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1496", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Shailesh Vara"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "North West Cambridgeshire"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mr Shailesh Vara"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2015-01-12", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2015-01-12T17:46:03.62Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "54"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2015-01-07", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Judicial Review"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, what amount his Department has spent on legal fees in judicial review cases in which it was found to have acted unlawfully since 2010.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1516", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Andy Slaughter"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Hammersmith"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Mr Andy Slaughter"}
      ], "uin" : "220082"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/169008", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Ministry of Justice"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/169008/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>This information is not available. A \u2018threat\u2019 of judicial review could range for example from a pre-action letter sent to a central government department to an oral suggestion made at a stakeholder meeting.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>It is crucial that judicial review continues to hold public authorities to account for the right reasons. The Government\u2019s reforms strike a fair and sensible balance between limiting the potential for the abuse of judicial review and protecting its vital role as a check on public authorities.<\/p><p> <\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1496", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Shailesh Vara"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "North West Cambridgeshire"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mr Shailesh Vara"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2014-12-15", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2014-12-15T15:27:53.507Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "54"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2014-12-09", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Judicial Review"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, pursuant to the contribution of the Secretary of State for Justice on 1 December 2014, Official Report, column 73, on how many occasions in the last two years each government department has been threatened with judicial review; and in each such case, whether judicial review proceedings were subsequently (a) launched and (b) successful.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1516", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Andy Slaughter"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Hammersmith"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Mr Andy Slaughter"}
      ], "uin" : "217847"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/169009", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Ministry of Justice"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/169009/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The Government accepts that failures of procedure can amount to substantive unlawfulness, and that judicial review is a crucial mechanism by which such unlawfulness is considered and remedied by the court.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>However, we are concerned by the continuing potential for a judicial review to be brought on minor technical points which could not have, or which were highly unlikely to have, substantially affected the outcome for the applicant.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>The potential for this type of challenge has been recognised by the courts, which have developed an approach in case law under which, if the outcome would inevitably have been the same even if the alleged defect had not occurred, the court can refuse the remedy sought \u2013 see, for example, <em>R v The Chief Constable of the Thames Valley Police, ex parte Cotton<\/em> [1990] IRLR 344.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>However, in the Government\u2019s view the \u2018inevitable\u2019 threshold is too high to deal effectively with claims brought on minor technical points. Consequently, in clause 64 of the Criminal Justice and Courts Bill (as introduced into the House of Lords), the Government is legislating to provide for a \u2018highly likely\u2019 threshold.<\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1528", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Sir Mike Penning"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Hemel Hempstead"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mike Penning"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2015-01-19", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2015-01-19T16:59:01.447Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "54"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2014-12-09", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Judicial Review"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, pursuant to the contribution of the Secretary of State for Justice on 1 December 2014, Official Report, column 72, what the evidential basis was for his statement that minor technicalities in process have been used as an excuse to bring judicial review.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1516", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Andy Slaughter"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Hammersmith"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Mr Andy Slaughter"}
      ], "uin" : "217848"}
    , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/169010", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Ministry of Justice"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/169010/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>The Government has always been clear that judicial review, when used properly, can be a crucial component of the rule of law.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>But in the Government\u2019s view, too often the system is open to abuse, and the common sense reforms, which, following two consultations, the Government has implemented and is seeking to implement, are needed to rebalance the system of judicial review.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>In the Government\u2019s view, for example, the creation of a Planning Court, with the assistance of the judiciary, to speed up the consideration of challenges to key projects, is a common sense reform. That reform is now delivering significant improvements. The available evidence suggests planning judicial reviews are now significantly quicker as a result of the reforms which followed the first consultation and the introduction of the Planning Court in April 2014, which followed the second consultation. For those which reach a substantive hearing (i.e. excluding those refused permission or otherwise determined earlier in the process) the average time fell by around 30% from 54 weeks in the 12 months to April 2013 to 39 weeks in the 12 months to September 2014. This is a substantial improvement in advance of the rest of the reforms taking effect.<\/p><p> <\/p>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1496", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Shailesh Vara"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "North West Cambridgeshire"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mr Shailesh Vara"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2014-12-17", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
        , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2014-12-17T14:02:29.43Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
        ]}
      , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "54"}
      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Justice"}
      , "date" : {"_value" : "2014-12-09", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Judicial Review"}
      , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
      }
      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, pursuant to the contribution of the Secretary of State for Justice on 1 December 2014, Official Report, column 71, what assessment he has made of when and how the system of judicial review ceased to be based on common sense.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1516", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Andy Slaughter"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Hammersmith"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Mr Andy Slaughter"}
      ], "uin" : "217849"}
    ], "itemsPerPage" : 10, "page" : 0, "startIndex" : 1, "totalResults" : 6, "type" : ["http://purl.org/linked-data/api/vocab#ListEndpoint", "http://purl.org/linked-data/api/vocab#Page"]}
}