{ "format" : "linked-data-api", "version" : "0.2", "result" : {"_about" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?answeringDeptShortName=Work+and+Pensions&min-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2019-03-06T15%3A39%3A10.183Z&tablingMemberConstituency=Vale+of+Clwyd&max-date=2019-01-23", "definition" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/meta/answeredquestions.text?answeringDeptShortName=Work+and+Pensions&min-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2019-03-06T15%3A39%3A10.183Z&tablingMemberConstituency=Vale+of+Clwyd&max-date=2019-01-23", "extendedMetadataVersion" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?answeringDeptShortName=Work+and+Pensions&min-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2019-03-06T15%3A39%3A10.183Z&tablingMemberConstituency=Vale+of+Clwyd&max-date=2019-01-23&_metadata=all", "first" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?answeringDeptShortName=Work+and+Pensions&_page=0&min-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2019-03-06T15%3A39%3A10.183Z&tablingMemberConstituency=Vale+of+Clwyd&max-date=2019-01-23", "hasPart" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?answeringDeptShortName=Work+and+Pensions&min-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2019-03-06T15%3A39%3A10.183Z&tablingMemberConstituency=Vale+of+Clwyd&max-date=2019-01-23", "isPartOf" : "http://eldaddp.azurewebsites.net/answeredquestions.text?answeringDeptShortName=Work+and+Pensions&min-answer.questionFirstAnswered.=2019-03-06T15%3A39%3A10.183Z&tablingMemberConstituency=Vale+of+Clwyd&max-date=2019-01-23", "items" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1042289", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Department for Work and Pensions"}
      ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1042289/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "<p>Data from the independent Office for National Statistics (ONS) shows that since the 2010 election employment has grown, by over 3.6 million, to a record high of 32.714 million. Over 75% of this has come from full-time, permanent employment. And over 75% of the growth since 2010 has come from higher-skilled occupations, which generally command higher wages.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>The latest ONS data shows that agency temporary workers represent 1.0% of people in employment.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>Self-employed people make up 14.8% of people in employment \u2013 up 1.3% points from when comparable records began in 1992.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>In October-December 2018 2.6% people in employment had a zero hours\u2019 contract \u2013 down from 2.8% the previous year.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>Alongside this answer we provide a table showing the requested trends in different forms of employment. The following points should be noted:<\/p><ul><li>The ONS publish some of the requested data only in quarterly rather annual format. Annual comparisons are made using quarterly data.<\/li><li>In some years it is not possible to provide the proportion of net employment growth, as employment in the requested categories of employment fell. For consistency we therefore only provide the net changes in employment levels.<\/li><\/ul><p> <\/p><p>Data on the numbers of people working in agency temping jobs is available quarterly. Oct-Dec 2018 is the most recent data; therefore, this quarter has been used to calculate the requested change on year.<\/p><p> <\/p><table><tbody><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p>Change on year in agency temping level<\/p><\/td><td><p>Change on year in employment level<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Oct-Dec 2011<\/p><\/td><td><p>36,831<\/p><\/td><td><p>17,604<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Oct-Dec 2012<\/p><\/td><td><p>12,019<\/p><\/td><td><p>565,759<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Oct-Dec 2013<\/p><\/td><td><p>-12,604<\/p><\/td><td><p>382,666<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Oct-Dec 2014<\/p><\/td><td><p>26,361<\/p><\/td><td><p>653,578<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Oct-Dec 2015<\/p><\/td><td><p>15,570<\/p><\/td><td><p>595,671<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Oct-Dec 2016<\/p><\/td><td><p>-19,207<\/p><\/td><td><p>305,424<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Oct-Dec 2017<\/p><\/td><td><p>-26,884<\/p><\/td><td><p>308,505<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Oct-Dec 2018<\/p><\/td><td><p>19,854<\/p><\/td><td><p>443,687<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p> <\/p><p> <\/p><p>Data on the numbers in self-employment is quarterly. Nov-Jan 2019 is the most recent data, therefore this quarter has been used to calculate for the change on year.<\/p><p> <\/p><table><tbody><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p>Change on year in self-employment level<\/p><\/td><td><p>Change on year in employment level<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Nov-Jan 2012<\/p><\/td><td><p>102,251<\/p><\/td><td><p>-44,853<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Nov-Jan 2013<\/p><\/td><td><p>79,384<\/p><\/td><td><p>544,571<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>NovJan 2014<\/p><\/td><td><p>294,505<\/p><\/td><td><p>437,994<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Nov-Jan 2015<\/p><\/td><td><p>40,775<\/p><\/td><td><p>674,611<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Nov-Jan 2016<\/p><\/td><td><p>120,358<\/p><\/td><td><p>537,415<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Nov-Jan 2017<\/p><\/td><td><p>146,389<\/p><\/td><td><p>306,505<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Nov-Jan 2018<\/p><\/td><td><p>-34,995<\/p><\/td><td><p>393,697<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p>Nov-Jan 2019<\/p><\/td><td><p>65,138<\/p><\/td><td><p>472,665<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p> <\/p><p>Comparable zero hours contracts data is available annually until 2013, then for Apr-Jun and Oct-Dec each year thereafter. Apr-Jun 2018 is the most recent data; therefore, this quarter has been used for the change on year.<\/p><p> <\/p><p>The figures in this analysis are calculated from responses to the Labour Force Survey (LFS). As part of the survey the LFS asks people in employment if their job has flexible working and if so to choose from a list of employment patterns those which best describe their situation. The number of people who are shown as on a zero-hours contract will therefore be affected by whether people know they are on a zero-hours contract and will be affected by how aware they are of the concept. The increased coverage of zero-hours in the latter half of 2013 may have affected the response to this question. Therefore, please do not compare data before 2014, with data from 2014 onwards.<\/p><table><tbody><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p>Change on year in zero hours contracts level<\/p><\/td><td><p>Change on year in employment level<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p>2011<\/p><\/td><td><p>22,514<\/p><\/td><td><p>107,000<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p>2012<\/p><\/td><td><p>61,993<\/p><\/td><td><p>251,000<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p>2013<\/p><\/td><td><p>333,033<\/p><\/td><td><p>255,000<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p>Oct-Dec 2014<\/p><\/td><td><p>n/a<\/p><\/td><td><p>n/a<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p>Oct-Dec 2015<\/p><\/td><td><p>104,959<\/p><\/td><td><p>595,671<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p>Oct-Dec 2016<\/p><\/td><td><p>103,022<\/p><\/td><td><p>305,424<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p>Oct-Dec 2017<\/p><\/td><td><p>-5,100<\/p><\/td><td><p>308,505<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td><p>Oct-Dec 2018<\/p><\/td><td><p>-57,489<\/p><\/td><td><p>443,687<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p> <\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"3\"><p>Apr-Jun 2014, the time period changes from annual to quarterly data, these are not directly comparable periods. It would also not be accurate to compare these periods, as ONS advise there was a rise in awareness of zero hours contracts in late 2013 which caused the numbers to rise.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>"}
        , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4014", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Sir Alok Sharma"}
        }
        , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Reading West"}
        , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Alok Sharma"}
        , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2019-03-28", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
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        ]}
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      , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Work and Pensions"}
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      , "date" : {"_value" : "2019-01-16", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
      , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Employment"}
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      , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
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      ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, what estimate she has made of the proportion of employment growth which can be attributed to (a) agency work, (b) self-employment and (c) zero-hours contracts in each of the last eight years.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
      , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/534", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Chris Ruane"}
      }
      , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Vale of Clwyd"}
      , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Chris Ruane"}
      ], "uin" : "209292"}
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