The general position is that if information is given in circumstances where it is expected that a duty of confidence applies, that information cannot normally be disclosed without the information provider's consent.<\/p>
Three circumstances making disclosure of confidential information lawful are:<\/p>
\u2022 where the individual to whom the information relates has consented;
\u2022 where disclosure is in the public interest; and
\u2022 where there is a legal duty to do so, for example a court order.<\/p>
So, under the common law, a healthcare provider wishing to disclose a patient's personal information to anyone outside the team providing care should first seek the consent of that patient.<\/p>
There are legal gateways for sharing data and the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE and Codes issued under the Act). These include a range of explicit and implied powers enabling the police to seek and share information, in pursuit of their policing purposes, including preventing a crime and protecting persons from harm.<\/p>"} , "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1561", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Mr Nick Hurd"} } , "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner"} , "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mr Nick Hurd"} , "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2019-01-24", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2019-01-24T17:40:35.333Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} ]} , "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "1"} , "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"} , "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"} , "date" : {"_value" : "2019-01-08", "_datatype" : "dateTime"} , "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Criminal Investigation: Medical Records"} , "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"} , "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"} } ], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, whether the Government has plans to ensure police forces can access the medical records of suspects in (a) rape, (b) transmitted disease, (c) grievous bodily harm with intent and (d) other cases.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"} , "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4368", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Neil Coyle"} } , "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Bermondsey and Old Southwark"} , "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Neil Coyle"} ], "uin" : "206380"} , {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037928", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Home Office"} ], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037928/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : "
Where an allegation is made to the police of deliberate transmission of a sexual disease, the police already have powers to investigate under Sections 18 and 20 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861.<\/ins><\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1561", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Mr Nick Hurd"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mr Nick Hurd"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2019-01-24", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "true", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "previousAnswerVersion" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037928/answer/previousversion/97338", "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1561", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Mr Nick Hurd"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mr Nick Hurd"}
}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2019-01-24T17:44:42.137Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
], "questionFirstMinisteriallyCorrected" : [{"_value" : "2019-01-28T15:29:11.937Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2019-01-08", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Sexually Transmitted Infections: Crime"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, whether the Government has plans to provide police with additional powers police to assist investigations into cases involving the deliberate transmission of sexual diseases.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4368", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Neil Coyle"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Bermondsey and Old Southwark"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Neil Coyle"}
], "uin" : "206383"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037944", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Home Office"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037944/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " The UK has some of the toughest powers in the world to deal with sex offenders and we are committed to ensuring that the system is as robust as it can be<\/p> We are very clear that the police are best placed to assess the risk of an offender committing another crime, and they will rightly put the public first. In 2017 the police introduced 'reactive management' allowing resources to be prioritised effectively towards the most dangerous sex offenders. This means each offender will have a personalised risk management plan to reduce the risk they pose to the public.<\/p> No offender who continues to pose a risk to the public will be subject to reactive management but will continue to be managed closely by the police. If at any point there are any concerns about an offender in reactive management, they will be reverted back to active management.<\/p> We continue to work with the Police and other law enforcement agencies to ensure that the right powers are available for the authorities to tackle sexual crimes and to bring perpetrators to justice.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1561", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Mr Nick Hurd"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mr Nick Hurd"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2019-01-21", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2019-01-21T11:32:50.32Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2019-01-08", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Violent and Sex Offender Register"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what recent assessment the Department has made of the ability of the police service to manage caseloads involving registered sex offenders.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4473", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Louise Haigh"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Sheffield, Heeley"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Louise Haigh"}
], "uin" : "206413"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037961", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Home Office"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037961/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " The National Ballistics Intelligence Service (NABIS) and wider law enforcement regularly assess the volume of illegal firearms used in crime in the UK. NABIS produce quarterly reports on the threat, but their assessment is continuous and key information is shared amongst law enforcement on a real time basis. This information is operationally sensitive and not published.<\/p> We are continuing to deliver the Strategic Defence and Security Review commitment to choke off the supply and availability of illegal firearms to prevent their use by criminal or terrorist groups in the UK. This includes ensuring we have the right intelligence, detection and enforcement capabilities and policies, internationally, at the UK border, and within the UK.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1561", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Mr Nick Hurd"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mr Nick Hurd"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2019-01-18", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2019-01-18T18:30:29.213Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2019-01-08", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Firearms: Crime"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
}
], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what estimate he has made of the number of illegal firearms possessed by people living in the UK.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4066", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Priti Patel"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Witham"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Priti Patel"}
], "uin" : "206315"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037966", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Home Office"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037966/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " The Government has worked closely with policing stakeholders to understand the impact that changes to police officer pensions will have on their budgets in 2019/20 and beyond.<\/p> The Police Remuneration Review Body will submit their recommendations for the police award for 2019/20 to the Government in May. The Government will very carefully consider their recommendations and the impact on force budgets.<\/p> The Government\u2019s proposed funding settlement for the police for 2019/20 was announced last month and provides additional funding of up to £970 million, including additional Government grant funding, council tax precept and investment in national priorities. This substantial increase will enable forces to meet their genuine financial pressures as well as to invest in key capabilities.<\/p> <\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1561", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Mr Nick Hurd"}
}
, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner"}
, "answeringMemberPrinted" : {"_value" : "Mr Nick Hurd"}
, "dateOfAnswer" : {"_value" : "2019-01-18", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "isMinisterialCorrection" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "questionFirstAnswered" : [{"_value" : "2019-01-18T18:34:02.363Z", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
]}
, "answeringDeptId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"}
, "answeringDeptSortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"}
, "date" : {"_value" : "2019-01-08", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Police: Finance"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
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], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what assessment he has made of the financial effect on police forces in 2019-20 of (a) employers' contribution to police pensions schemes, (b) inflation and (c) national pay awards.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/4603", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Preet Kaur Gill"}
}
, "tablingMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Birmingham, Edgbaston"}
, "tablingMemberPrinted" : [{"_value" : "Preet Kaur Gill"}
], "uin" : "206438"}
, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037982", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Home Office"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037982/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " The Home Secretary last met with the Mayor of the West Midlands on 7 August 2018 where they discussed a range of issues including police funding and devolution<\/p> Ministers meet regularly with Police and Crime Commissioners and Mayors to discuss a range of topics. This includes significant recent engagement on demand ahead of the publication of the Provisional Police Funding Settlement last month.<\/p> Under these proposals total funding for West Midlands Police could increase by up to £34.2 million to £568.6 million in 2019/20, including funding from council tax, if the Police and Crime Commissioner uses the full precept flexibility provided.<\/p>"}
, "answeringMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1561", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Mr Nick Hurd"}
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, "answeringMemberConstituency" : {"_value" : "Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner"}
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], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, how many times he has met with the Mayor of the West Midlands since 1 November 2018.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1171", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Liam Byrne"}
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, {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037983", "AnsweringBody" : [{"_value" : "Home Office"}
], "answer" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/resources/1037983/answer", "answerText" : {"_value" : " The Home Secretary last met with the Mayor of the West Midlands on 7 August 2018 where they discussed a range of issues including police funding and devolution<\/p> Ministers meet regularly with Police and Crime Commissioners and Mayors to discuss a range of topics. This includes significant recent engagement on demand ahead of the publication of the Provisional Police Funding Settlement last month.<\/p> Under these proposals total funding for West Midlands Police could increase by up to £34.2 million to £568.6 million in 2019/20, including funding from council tax, if the Police and Crime Commissioner uses the full precept flexibility provided.<\/p>"}
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, "answeringDeptShortName" : {"_value" : "Home Office"}
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, "date" : {"_value" : "2019-01-08", "_datatype" : "dateTime"}
, "hansardHeading" : {"_value" : "Police: West Midlands"}
, "houseId" : {"_value" : "1"}
, "legislature" : [{"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/terms/25259", "prefLabel" : {"_value" : "House of Commons"}
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], "questionText" : "To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, what representations he has received from the Mayor of the West Midlands on police funding.", "registeredInterest" : {"_value" : "false", "_datatype" : "boolean"}
, "tablingMember" : {"_about" : "http://data.parliament.uk/members/1171", "label" : {"_value" : "Biography information for Liam Byrne"}
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There is no specific offence of deliberately transmitting a sexual disease. This behaviour can be charged under Sections 18 and 20 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861.<\/del><\/p>There are no current plans to make persons convicted of these offences subject to notification requirements (commonly referred to as being placed on the Sex Offenders Register).<\/del><\/p>
Registered sex offenders are managed by the police, who are in the best position to identify the risk posed by individuals. We work with the police on an ongoing basis to ensure they have all the necessary tools to manage sex offenders as effectively as possible in the community.<\/p>