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<p>At its 2016 Summit in Warsaw, NATO made a Cyber Defence Pledge to strengthen both
individual and collective capability. The Alliance now engages regularly with its
European partners to discuss Cyber and Hybrid threats at both the strategic and operational
level. The NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (based in Tallinn)
and the European Centre of Excellence for countering Hybrid Threats (based in Helsinki)
provide expertise and encourage cooperation and information-sharing among NATO Allies,
EU Member States, and their partners. The UK is a leading participant in both Centres.</p>
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