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<p>The answer to question (ii) is information held by the Department for Health and
Social Care. We can provide information from individuals in prison as, at 30 June
2021, who have a detailed assessment (Layer 3) completed on the Offender Assessment
System (OASys). Individuals have been excluded where there is missing data for any
of the assessment items required to answer questions (i) and (iii) to (xii). Definitions
used for specific needs areas are given below.</p><p><strong>Numbers</strong></p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>Issue(s)</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Count
- Female</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Count - Male</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mental
health issues</p></td><td><p>628</p></td><td><p>7,555</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Learning
disabilities</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>889</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Physical
disabilities</p></td><td><p>163</p></td><td><p>3,391</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Unemployment
histories</p></td><td><p>783</p></td><td><p>15,590</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Housing
issues or homeless</p></td><td><p>1,521</p></td><td><p>34,705</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Relationship
difficulties</p></td><td><p>1,841</p></td><td><p>40,614</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Social
isolation</p></td><td><p>298</p></td><td><p>5,058</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Substance
misuse</p></td><td><p>1,341</p></td><td><p>31,267</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Financial
issues</p></td><td><p>1,299</p></td><td><p>35,680</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Physical
or psychological trauma</p></td><td><p>1,694</p></td><td><p>21,883</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Two
or more issues</p></td><td><p>1,973</p></td><td><p>47,050</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><strong>Number
of prisoners with full assessment</strong></p></td><td><p><strong> 2,090 </strong></p></td><td><p><strong>
55,564 </strong></p></td></tr></tbody></table><p><strong>Proportions</strong></p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>Issue(s)</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Proportion
- Female</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Proportion - Male</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mental
health issues</p></td><td><p>30%</p></td><td><p>14%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Learning
disabilities</p></td><td><p>2%</p></td><td><p>2%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Physical
disabilities</p></td><td><p>8%</p></td><td><p>6%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Unemployment
histories</p></td><td><p>37%</p></td><td><p>28%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Housing issues
or homeless</p></td><td><p>73%</p></td><td><p>62%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Relationship
difficulties</p></td><td><p>88%</p></td><td><p>73%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Social
isolation</p></td><td><p>14%</p></td><td><p>9%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Substance misuse</p></td><td><p>64%</p></td><td><p>56%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Financial
issues</p></td><td><p>62%</p></td><td><p>64%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Physical or psychological
trauma</p></td><td><p>81%</p></td><td><p>39%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Two or more issues</p></td><td><p>94%</p></td><td><p>85%</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p><strong>Definitions
used</strong></p><p>Item (i), mental health issues: OASys reports significant difficulties
(score of 2) on question 10.2 psychological problems and/or question 10.6 psychiatric
problems.</p><p>Item (iii), a learning disability: the disabilities listed on Delius
include a learning disability.</p><p>Item (iv), a physical disability: the disabilities
listed on Delius include hearing difficulties, a progressive condition, reduced mobility,
reduced physical capacity, severe disfigurement, speech impairment or visual impairment.</p><p>Item
(v), unemployment histories: OASys reports significant difficulties (score of 2) on
question 4.3 employment history.</p><p>Item (vi), housing issues or are homeless:
OASys reports a criminogenic need in the accommodation section.</p><p>Item (viii),
social isolation: OASys reports significant difficulties (score of 2) on question
10.3 social isolation.</p><p>Item (ix), financial issues: OASys reports that the assessor
judges financial issues to be linked to “risk of serious harm, risks to the individual
and other risks” and/or linked to offending behaviour.</p><p>Item (x), substance misuse
issues: OASys reports a criminogenic need in the drug misuse and/or alcohol misuse
sections.</p><p>Item (xi), experienced physical, psychological or social trauma: OASys
reports that any of the following were present – question 2.10, current offence disinhibited
by a traumatic life event; significant difficulties (score of 2) on question 6.3,
experience of childhood; question 6.7, victim of domestic violence, and question 10.7,
history of severe head injuries, fits, periods of unconsciousness.</p><p>Item (xii)
checks how many of (i) and (iii) to (xi) are present, and is counted as present if
two or more of these ten items are present.</p>
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