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<p>The Department takes advice on the measurement of prescribing levels and the development
of objectives for levels of prescribing of antibiotics from the Department’s Health’s
Advisory Committee on Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections
as well as the English Surveillance Programme for Antimicrobial Utilisation and Resistance.</p><p>
</p><p>The English Surveillance Programme on Antimicrobial Use and Resistance, (ESPAUR),
was established by Public Health England (PHE) in 2013 in response to the publication
of the UK 5 year Strategy on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). ESPAUR provides the data
on prescribing of antibiotics and levels of resistance to antibiotics in both primary
and secondary care that allows the Department to evaluate progress.</p><p> </p><p>PHE
uses the ESPAUR data to provide ongoing expert advice to NHS England to enable ongoing
development of commissioning incentives to encourage healthcare providers to achieve
the antibiotic prescribing quality measures recommended by the national expert Advisory
Group on AMR and Healthcare Associated Infections for primary and secondary care.</p><p>
</p><p>The Department’s Policy Research Programme has also commissioned the Imperial
National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit to evaluate
and research the impact of reduced antibiotic prescribing on hospital admissions and
mortality.</p>
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