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<p>The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends molecular
testing for the following cancers:</p><p>- Acute myeloid leukaemia;</p><p>- Bladder;</p><p>-
Brain;</p><p>- Breast;</p><p>- Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia;</p><p>- Chronic myeloid
leukaemia;</p><p>- Colorectal;</p><p>- Non-small-cell lung cancer;</p><p>- Melanoma;</p><p>-
Oesophago-gastric;</p><p>- Ovarian, fallopian tube and peritoneal;</p><p>- Pancreatic;</p><p>-
Prostate;</p><p>- Upper aerodigestive tract; and</p><p>- Unknown primary origin.</p><p>NICE
refers to the following companion diagnostic biomarkers in its guidance:</p><p>- c-Kit
(CD117);</p><p>- HER2;</p><p>- KRAS;</p><p>- EGFR-TK;</p><p>- Philadelphia chromosome;</p><p>-
BRAF V600;</p><p>- ALK;</p><p>- BRCA;</p><p>- p53;</p><p>- PD-L1;</p><p>- RAS;</p><p>-
BCR-ABL1;</p><p>- FLT3;</p><p>- ROS1;</p><p>- BRCA1 (germline); and</p><p>- Somatostatin
receptor-positive.</p><p> </p><p>Tests that are primarily used for diagnosis, monitoring
or screening often provide prognostic information. Consequently, there are a large
number of biomarkers, many of which are used in standard testing practice and so are
not specifically referred to in NICE guidance. Multiple and combinations of biomarkers
are often used to provide prognostic information and companies developing tests often
create their own combinations.</p><p>As many tests look for multiple biomarkers for
a single purpose and many tests in standard practice provide prognostic information,
NICE is unable to provide categorical information on prognostic tests.</p>
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