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<p>Defra has not made such an assessment. The Government has, however, supported and
continues to support a number of projects related to the reuse and recycling of batteries
and hydrogen fuel cells used in electric vehicles. Examples include the ‘ICoNiChem:
recycling rare materials in electric vehicles’ <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/case-studies/iconichem-recycling-rare-materials-in-electric-vehicles"
target="_blank">study</a> and the <a href="https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=101896"
target="_blank">Fuel Cell Recovery Project</a>.</p><p> </p><p>Electric vehicle batteries
are banned from disposal to landfill and from incineration. Battery treatment facilities
are required to meet certain recycling efficiencies under the Waste Batteries and
Accumulators Regulations 2009. These presently vary between 50% - 75% according to
battery chemistry.</p><p> </p><p>There are also obligations on vehicle producers to
ensure that their vehicles are recyclable, and to meet reuse, recycling and recovery
targets at the end-of-life of their vehicles.</p>
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