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<p>There are many statutory protections that support vulnerable victims and witnesses
in the criminal courts, for example banning cross examination of rape complainants
by the defendant. In addition, a number of special measures can be applied for by
the CPS to further support a victim or witness who is intimidated or vulnerable, for
example the provision of protective screens.</p><p> </p><p>Such applications are considered
by the trial judge. Should circumstances change during the trial it is possible for
a late (or second) application to be made. Where applications are refused, it may
be possible to appeal at the Court of Appeal or, in certain exceptional circumstances,
to seek a judicial review.</p>
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