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1273622

registered interest
date	05/01/2021
answering body	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept id	208
answering dept short name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept sort name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
hansard heading	Nigeria: Genocide
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the report by Genocide Watch Nigeria is a Killing Field of Defenseless Christians, published on 13 April 2020, which states that “over 11,500 Christians have been murdered since June 2015”; and what action they have taken (1) to verify the reported figures, or (2) to seek independent verification.
tabling member printed	Lord Alton of Liverpool
uin	HL11715
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 20/01/2021 answer text <p>We are aware of the report from Genocide Watch Nigeria and Intersociety. While we cannot investigate the figures in each individual report, we routinely engage with a range of academics, NGOs, affected communities and other experts, and in particular make use of the data collected by the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED), to verify the facts on the ground (including shocking reports of killings) and to inform our understanding of developments and trajectories. The Government condemns all violence against civilians in Nigeria, irrespective of their religion.</p> answering member printed Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon grouped question UIN HL11716 question first answered 20/01/2021 17:37:30 answering member 4210 label Biography information for Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon
tabling member	738 label Biography information for Lord Alton of Liverpool

1273623

registered interest
date	05/01/2021
answering body	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept id	208
answering dept short name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept sort name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
hansard heading	Nigeria: Genocide
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the report by Intersociety 2,200 Nigerian Christians hacked to death in 2020 and 34,400 since 2009, published on 16 December 2020; and what action they have taken (1) to verify the reported figures, or (2) to seek independent verification.
tabling member printed	Lord Alton of Liverpool
uin	HL11716
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 20/01/2021 answer text <p>We are aware of the report from Genocide Watch Nigeria and Intersociety. While we cannot investigate the figures in each individual report, we routinely engage with a range of academics, NGOs, affected communities and other experts, and in particular make use of the data collected by the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED), to verify the facts on the ground (including shocking reports of killings) and to inform our understanding of developments and trajectories. The Government condemns all violence against civilians in Nigeria, irrespective of their religion.</p> answering member printed Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon grouped question UIN HL11715 question first answered 20/01/2021 17:37:30 answering member 4210 label Biography information for Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon
tabling member	738 label Biography information for Lord Alton of Liverpool

1273624

registered interest
date	05/01/2021
answering body	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept id	208
answering dept short name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
answering dept sort name	Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
hansard heading	Nigeria: Genocide
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what representations they have made to the government of Nigeria about reported killings of Christians in that country; and when any such representations were last made.
tabling member printed	Lord Alton of Liverpool
uin	HL11717
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 20/01/2021 answer text <p>As set out in answer HL9271, the UK Government condemns all violence against civilians in Nigeria. We continue to encourage the Nigerian Government to take urgent action to protect those at risk of violence, to bring perpetrators to justice, and to implement long-term solutions that address the root causes of violence and meet the needs of all communities. The Minister for Africa has discussed the impact of violence in Nigeria with President Buhari's Chief of Staff. Our High Commissioner visited Kaduna State in December 2020 and met a range of interlocutors, including Christian and Muslim leaders, who recognised the causes of the intercommunal violence are complex and relate frequently to criminality, competition for resources and failures of governance. We will continue to engage with the federal and state authorities to stress the importance of transparent investigations when attacks occur that respect human rights and the rule of law.</p> answering member printed Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon question first answered 20/01/2021 16:01:24 answering member 4210 label Biography information for Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon
tabling member	738 label Biography information for Lord Alton of Liverpool

1273625

registered interest
date	05/01/2021
answering body	Cabinet Office
answering dept id	53
answering dept short name	Cabinet Office
answering dept sort name	Cabinet Office
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Death
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what is the average age of people who have had COVID-19 cited as a contributory cause of death in the last four weeks; how many such people were (1) 0–18, (2) 19–30, (3) 31–40, (4) 41–50, (5) 51–60, (6) 61–70, (7) 71–80, (8) 81–90, and (9) over 90, years old at the time of death; and in each cohort how many such deaths occurred in people with underlying health conditions.
tabling member printed	Lord Balfe
uin	HL11720
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 19/01/2021 answer text <p>The information requested falls under the remit of the UK Statistics Authority. I have therefore asked the Authority to respond.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>14 January 2021</p><p>Dear Lord Balfe,</p><p>As National Statistician and Chief Executive of the UK Statistics Authority, I am responding to your Parliamentary Question asking what is the average age of people who have had COVID-19 cited as a contributory cause of death in the last four weeks; how many such people were (1) 0-18, (2) 19-30, (3) 31-40, (4) 41-50, (5) 51-60, (6) 61-70, (7) 71-80, (8) 81-90, and (9) over 90, years old at the time of death; and in each cohort how many such deaths occurred in people with underlying health conditions <strong>(HL11720)</strong>.</p><p>The Office for National Statistics (ONS) is responsible for publishing numbers of deaths registered in England and Wales. Information on deaths involving COVID-19 and pre-existing health conditions was published in July[1]. As part of deaths registered weekly in England and Wales[2], the ONS produces the number of deaths involving COVID-19 by age group. Table 1 provides the number of deaths involving COVID-19 by age group in the last four weeks.</p><p>Table 2 is the mean and median age at death of those whose death involves COVID-19 and for all deaths in the last 4 weeks.</p><p>Table 3 shows deaths involving COVID-19 where there is no pre-existing condition against total COVID-19 deaths for that age cohort. Data is available from March 2020 to June 2020, however we will be resuming publication of this data within the next 6 weeks.</p><p> </p><p>Yours sincerely,</p><p><strong>Professor Sir Ian Diamond</strong></p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Table 1: Deaths registered weekly in England and Wales involving COVID-19 by age group, Week ending 4 December to Week ending 25 December 2020<strong>[3]</strong><sup>,<strong>[4]</strong>,<strong>[5]</strong>,<strong>[6]</strong>,<strong>[7]</strong></sup></strong></p><table><tbody><tr><td colspan="2"><p><strong>Week number</strong></p></td><td><p>49</p></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>51</p></td><td><p>52</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p><strong>Week ended</strong></p></td><td><p>04-Dec-20</p></td><td><p>11-Dec-20</p></td><td><p>18-Dec-20</p></td><td><p>25-Dec-20</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p><strong>Deaths by age group</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p> </p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>1-4</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>5-9</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>10-14</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>15-19</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>20-24</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>25-29</p></td><td><p>3</p></td><td><p>3</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>1</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>30-34</p></td><td><p>3</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>3</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>35-39</p></td><td><p>9</p></td><td><p>7</p></td><td><p>6</p></td><td><p>5</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>40-44</p></td><td><p>12</p></td><td><p>11</p></td><td><p>10</p></td><td><p>12</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>45-49</p></td><td><p>21</p></td><td><p>19</p></td><td><p>25</p></td><td><p>21</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>50-54</p></td><td><p>41</p></td><td><p>37</p></td><td><p>43</p></td><td><p>41</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>55-59</p></td><td><p>62</p></td><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>75</p></td><td><p>63</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>60-64</p></td><td><p>105</p></td><td><p>126</p></td><td><p>119</p></td><td><p>107</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>65-69</p></td><td><p>170</p></td><td><p>154</p></td><td><p>177</p></td><td><p>160</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>70-74</p></td><td><p>288</p></td><td><p>258</p></td><td><p>252</p></td><td><p>275</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>75-79</p></td><td><p>414</p></td><td><p>400</p></td><td><p>388</p></td><td><p>397</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>80-84</p></td><td><p>509</p></td><td><p>492</p></td><td><p>544</p></td><td><p>583</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>85-89</p></td><td><p>598</p></td><td><p>570</p></td><td><p>609</p></td><td><p>605</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>90+</p></td><td><p>599</p></td><td><p>611</p></td><td><p>736</p></td><td><p>639</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><em>Source: ONS</em></p></td></tr></tbody></table><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Table 2: Average age of deaths registered weekly in England and Wales, Week ending 4 December to Week ending 25 December 2020<sup>3,4,5,6,7</sup></strong></p><table><tbody><tr><td colspan="2"><p><strong>Week number</strong></p></td><td><p>49</p></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>51</p></td><td><p>52</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p><strong>Week ended</strong></p></td><td><p>04-Dec-20</p></td><td><p>11-Dec-20</p></td><td><p>18-Dec-20</p></td><td><p>25-Dec-20</p></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><p><strong>All deaths</strong></p></td><td><p>Median age</p></td><td><p>81</p></td><td><p>81</p></td><td><p>82</p></td><td><p>82</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mean age</p></td><td><p>78</p></td><td><p>78</p></td><td><p>79</p></td><td><p>79</p></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><p><strong>Deaths involving COVID-19</strong></p></td><td><p>Median age</p></td><td><p>83</p></td><td><p>83</p></td><td><p>83</p></td><td><p>83</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mean age</p></td><td><p>81</p></td><td><p>81</p></td><td><p>81</p></td><td><p>81</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p><em> Source: ONS</em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Table 3: Number of deaths involving COVID-19, by age group and whether a pre-existing condition was present, England and Wales, deaths occurring between March and June 2020<strong>[8]</strong><sup>,<strong>[9]</strong>,<strong>[10]</strong>,<strong>[11]</strong>,<strong>[12]</strong></sup></strong></p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>Age</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>All deaths involving COVID-19</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>COVID-19 deaths with pre-existing condition </strong></p></td><td><p><strong>COVID-19 deaths with no pre-existing condition </strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0-44</p></td><td><p>542</p></td><td><p>441</p></td><td><p>101</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>45-49</p></td><td><p>457</p></td><td><p>366</p></td><td><p>91</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50-54</p></td><td><p>847</p></td><td><p>724</p></td><td><p>123</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>55-59</p></td><td><p>1,453</p></td><td><p>1,226</p></td><td><p>227</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>60-64</p></td><td><p>2,065</p></td><td><p>1,835</p></td><td><p>230</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>65-69</p></td><td><p>2,791</p></td><td><p>2,498</p></td><td><p>293</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>70-74</p></td><td><p>4,627</p></td><td><p>4,220</p></td><td><p>407</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>75-79</p></td><td><p>6,693</p></td><td><p>6,174</p></td><td><p>519</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80-84</p></td><td><p>9,588</p></td><td><p>8,889</p></td><td><p>699</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>85-89</p></td><td><p>10,327</p></td><td><p>9,525</p></td><td><p>802</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>90+</p></td><td><p>10,945</p></td><td><p>9,961</p></td><td><p>984</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p> </p><p>[1]https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsinvolvingcovid19englandandwales/deathsoccurringinjune2020</p><p>[2]<a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/latest" target="_blank">https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregisteredweeklyinenglandandwalesprovisional/latest</a></p><p>[3] Deaths where COVID-19 (ICD10 codes U07.1 and U07.2) are mentioned anywhere on the death certificate</p><p>[4] <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/articles/causeofdeathcodinginmortalitystatisticssoftwarechanges/january2020" target="_blank">For deaths registered from 1st January 2020, cause of death is coded to the ICD-10 classification using MUSE 5.5 software. Previous years were coded to IRIS 4.2.3, further information about the change in software is available.</a></p><p>[5] Does not include deaths where age is either missing or not yet fully coded.</p><p>[6] Does not include deaths of those resident outside England and Wales or those records where the place of residence is either missing or not yet fully coded.</p><p>[7] <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/articles/impactofregistrationdelaysonmortalitystatisticsinenglandandwales/2018" target="_blank">These figures represent death registrations, there can be a delay between the date a death occurred and the date a death was registered. More information can be found in our impact of registration delays release. </a></p><p>[8] Figures include deaths of non-residents</p><p>[9] Figures are provisional</p><p>[10] Based on deaths involving COVID-19 (ICD-10 codes U07.1 and U07.2) rather than deaths where COVID-19 was the underlying cause of death</p><p>[11] Deaths occurring between March and June 2020 rather than deaths registered between March and June 2020</p><p>[12] Including deaths registered up until 4 July 2020.</p><p> </p> answering member printed Lord True question first answered 19/01/2021 17:09:01 answering member 4200 label Biography information for Lord True
tabling member	4302 label Biography information for Lord Balfe

1273626

registered interest
date	05/01/2021
answering body	Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government
answering dept id	7
answering dept short name	Housing, Communities and Local Government
answering dept sort name	Housing, Communities and Local Government
hansard heading	Housing: Construction
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what plans they have to introduce the same space standards for all new housing as those agreed for housing constructed under Permitted Development Rights.
tabling member printed	Lord Crisp
uin	HL11725
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 19/01/2021 answer text <p>We agree that the provision of adequate living space is vital to delivering healthy housing. The importance of this has been highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p>We recognise in our National Design Guide the need for well-designed, healthy homes to provide a good standard and quality of internal space. And within national planning policy and guidance we set out that local authorities have the option to include the Nationally Described Space Standard in local planning policies, subject to demonstrating viability and need.</p><p>Looking to the future, the forthcoming National Model Design Code will emphasise the ingredients for well-designed homes, including good space standards, that can be included in local design guides.</p> answering member printed Lord Greenhalgh question first answered 19/01/2021 11:53:56 answering member 4877 label Biography information for Lord Greenhalgh
tabling member	3783 label Biography information for Lord Crisp

1273627

registered interest
date	05/01/2021
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Vaccination
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what evidence they have of the impact on the effectiveness of the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination of postponing a second dose of the vaccination beyond 21 days from the first compared to giving such a dose within 21 days.
tabling member printed	Baroness Deech
uin	HL11726
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 21/01/2021 answer text <p>A phase three clinical trial study on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy demonstrated a two-dose vaccine efficacy of 95% with a second dose delivered between 19 and 42 days. A copy of the study Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine is attached.</p><p><br>Using data available from this study, Public Health England estimated that short term vaccine efficacy from the first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine to be approximately 89%. This is the efficacy calculated 15 to 21 days after the first dose.</p><p><br>The Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation’s view is that protective immunity from the first dose likely lasts for a duration of 12 weeks.</p> answering member printed Lord Bethell question first answered 21/01/2021 12:29:42 answering member 4708 label Biography information for Lord Bethell attachment 1 file name Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine.pdf title Safety and Efficacy of the Covid-19 Vaccine
tabling member	3756 label Biography information for Baroness Deech

1273628

registered interest
date	05/01/2021
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Vaccination
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what plans they have to collect evidence of the effectiveness of the second dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination being administered more than 21 days after the first.
tabling member printed	Baroness Deech
uin	HL11727
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 19/03/2021 answer text <p>Based on the data available to the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation the first dose of either Pfizer/BioNTech or Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine provides substantial protection within two to three weeks of in particular for severe COVID-19 disease. The second vaccine dose is likely to be more important for duration and sustaining such protection. An appropriate dose interval may further increase vaccine efficacy. In the short term, the additional increase of vaccine efficacy from the second dose is likely to be modest as the great majority of the initial protection from clinical disease is after the first dose of vaccine.</p><p>Public Health England (PHE) is monitoring the effectiveness of the vaccines in the real world, including the effects of dosage schedules. Early data from PHE’s SIREN study shows a promising impact of vaccination on infection in healthcare workers aged under 65 years old.</p><p>Data shows one dose reduces the risk of catching infection by more than 70%, rising to 85% after the second dose of the Pfizer vaccine.</p> answering member printed Lord Bethell question first answered 19/03/2021 11:46:07 answering member 4708 label Biography information for Lord Bethell
tabling member	3756 label Biography information for Baroness Deech

1273629

registered interest
date	05/01/2021
answering body	Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
answering dept id	201
answering dept short name	Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
answering dept sort name	Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Vaccination
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what plans they have to encourage investment in (1) so-called 'Wave 2', and (2) other future generations of, vaccines for COVID-19.
tabling member printed	Baroness Deech
uin	HL11728
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 19/01/2021 answer text <p>The current overall UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) portfolio of COVID-19-related grants, including awards supported by Innovate UK, includes vaccine projects that provide greater diversity of approaches than for the first generation of vaccines developed. Details can be found on the UKRI website.</p><p> </p><p>UKRI will continue to review ongoing needs in this area with the Vaccine Taskforce.</p> answering member printed Lord Callanan grouped question UIN HL11730 question first answered 19/01/2021 17:24:29 answering member 4336 label Biography information for Lord Callanan
tabling member	3756 label Biography information for Baroness Deech

1273630

registered interest
date	05/01/2021
answering body	Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
answering dept id	201
answering dept short name	Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
answering dept sort name	Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Vaccination
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the reasons given by (1) UK Research and Innovation, and (2) the Medical Research Council, for (a) rejecting, and (b) accepting, applications for grant assistance from researchers developing COVID-19 vaccinations.
tabling member printed	Baroness Deech
uin	HL11729
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 19/01/2021 answer text <p>UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), including the Medical Research Council, invited applications for research related to COVID-19, including for research into vaccines, through funding routes such as the joint UKRI-Department of Health and Social Care rapid response call, as well as the UKRI rapid response rolling call. The requirements and guidelines for these were published on the respective application pages and decisions were made under a peer review process and in coordination with the Vaccine Taskforce.</p> answering member printed Lord Callanan question first answered 19/01/2021 17:24:51 answering member 4336 label Biography information for Lord Callanan
tabling member	3756 label Biography information for Baroness Deech

1273631

registered interest
date	05/01/2021
answering body	Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
answering dept id	201
answering dept short name	Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
answering dept sort name	Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
hansard heading	Coronavirus: Vaccination
house id	2
legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what plans they have to encourage grant funders to support so-called 'Wave 2' vaccines in development.
tabling member printed	Baroness Deech
uin	HL11730
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 19/01/2021 answer text <p>The current overall UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) portfolio of COVID-19-related grants, including awards supported by Innovate UK, includes vaccine projects that provide greater diversity of approaches than for the first generation of vaccines developed. Details can be found on the UKRI website.</p><p> </p><p>UKRI will continue to review ongoing needs in this area with the Vaccine Taskforce.</p> answering member printed Lord Callanan grouped question UIN HL11728 question first answered 19/01/2021 17:24:30 answering member 4336 label Biography information for Lord Callanan
tabling member	3756 label Biography information for Baroness Deech