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<p>Defra publishes an annual indicator on butterfly abundance, using data collected
by volunteers. Large fluctuations are typical of butterfly populations but in England
the indicator shows that butterfly numbers have generally fallen since 1990, although
with numbers of some common species stabilising over the last five years.</p><p>In
England, we will take forward our manifesto commitment to produce a 25 year strategy
for the environment, which will include biodiversity<em>. </em>Our approach will be
designed to meet the habitat needs of many species including butterflies. In England’s
National Pollinator Strategy we are aiming to expand flower rich habitats across different
types of land to benefit pollinators including butterflies.</p><p>The England network
of protected areas provides benefits for many species even when those areas are not
specifically designated for the conservation of those particular species. This network
includes local and national sites protected under domestic legislation and international
sites protected under European and International law. Some of these sites are specifically
designated for species of particular importance, including the marsh fritillary butterfly,
which is a notified feature of a number of Special Areas of Conservation, designated
under the Habitats Directive.</p><p>Agri-environment schemes play a major role in
the conservation of butterflies in England. For instance, across grassland habitats
in Dorset, between 1990 and 2010 the marsh fritillary increased in abundance by around
278% on land managed under these schemes.</p><p>In the summer of 2014 the critically
endangered high brown fritillary experienced its best season since 2004 with numbers
increasing by more than 180% as compared to 2013 across Dartmoor, Exmoor, and Morecambe
Bay in Lancashire and sites in the Lake District.</p><p>The Wild Pollinator and Farm
Wildlife Package in the new Countryside Stewardship scheme contain options to improve
habitats and provide nectar sources for butterflies. It will play a key role in supporting
the National Pollinator Strategy.</p>
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