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<p>The size and performance of the UK low carbon economy report published by the Department
for Business, Innovation and Skills [1] estimated that in 2013 the low carbon economy
generated £70.8 billion in turnover [2] for those businesses operating <em>directly
</em>in the sector. This grew to £121.7 billion when the supply chain is included.
The breakdown of the £121.7 billion by sector for direct and indirect activity in
2013 is published in the report and is reproduced in Table 1 below. The report has
not assessed the proportion of spend by different groups (e.g. government, local government,
business, individuals, and other bodies) for these sectors.</p><br /><p><strong><em>Table
1: Turnover by sector: 2013 (£million nominal)</em></strong></p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>Sector
of low carbon economy</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Direct [3] Turnover </strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Indirect
[4]</strong> <strong>Turnover </strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Total Turnover </strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Onshore
wind</p></td><td><p>3,600</p></td><td><p>2,700</p></td><td><p>6,300</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Offshore
wind</p></td><td><p>2,000</p></td><td><p>1,500</p></td><td><p>3,500</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Nuclear
energy</p></td><td><p>7,700</p></td><td><p>4,400</p></td><td><p>12,100</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Hydroelectric
energy</p></td><td><p>1,100</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>1,900</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Marine</p></td><td><p>200</p></td><td><p>200</p></td><td><p>400</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Solar
PV</p></td><td><p>5,000</p></td><td><p>3,500</p></td><td><p>8,400</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Energy
generation from waste and biomass</p></td><td><p>2,400</p></td><td><p>1,800</p></td><td><p>4,100</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Carbon
capture and storage</p></td><td><p>400</p></td><td><p>200</p></td><td><p>600</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Biomass
equipment</p></td><td><p>1,500</p></td><td><p>1,100</p></td><td><p>2,500</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Geothermal</p></td><td><p>500</p></td><td><p>300</p></td><td><p>800</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Heat
pumps</p></td><td><p>1,900</p></td><td><p>1,300</p></td><td><p>3,100</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Solar
thermal</p></td><td><p>500</p></td><td><p>300</p></td><td><p>800</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Heat
networks</p></td><td><p>100</p></td><td><p>100</p></td><td><p>200</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Energy-efficient
lighting</p></td><td><p>2,100</p></td><td><p>1,400</p></td><td><p>3,500</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Insulation</p></td><td><p>3,100</p></td><td><p>2,400</p></td><td><p>5,500</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Energy-efficient
windows and doors</p></td><td><p>1,500</p></td><td><p>1,300</p></td><td><p>2,800</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Heat
recovery and ventilation</p></td><td><p>900</p></td><td><p>600</p></td><td><p>1,500</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Energy
controls and control systems</p></td><td><p>1,400</p></td><td><p>900</p></td><td><p>2,200</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sustainable
architecture and buildings</p></td><td><p>500</p></td><td><p>400</p></td><td><p>900</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Low
carbon advisory services</p></td><td><p>1,700</p></td><td><p>1,100</p></td><td><p>2,800</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Low
carbon finance</p></td><td><p>600</p></td><td><p>300</p></td><td><p>900</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Recycling
- recovery and reprocessing of materials from waste</p></td><td><p>12,400</p></td><td><p>9,500</p></td><td><p>21,800</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Alternative
fuels</p></td><td><p>15,200</p></td><td><p>10,900</p></td><td><p>26,100</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Low
emission vehicles</p></td><td><p>4,600</p></td><td><p>4,200</p></td><td><p>8,800</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><strong>Total
low carbon</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>70,800</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>50,900</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>121,700</strong></p></td></tr></tbody></table><p><em>Source:
BIS (March 2015); the Size and Performance of the UK Low Carbon Economy</em></p><p><br><em>[1]
BIS (March 2015), The Size and Performance of the UK Low Carbon Economy <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/low-carbon-economy-size-and-performance"
target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/low-carbon-economy-size-and-performance</a></em></p><p><em>[2]</em>
<em>Turnover is defined as total revenues generated from business activities.</em></p><p><em>[3]</em>
<em>Direct activity is that immediately connected to one or more of the low carbon
sectors. For example, this would include companies which manufacture wind turbines
or develop</em></p><p><em>[4]</em><em> Indirect activity is that which occurs in the
supply chain and supports activity in the direct low carbon sector. Although companies
in the supply chain were not identified explicitly, their economic impact was estimated
using multipliers.</em></p><br />
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