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<p>Defra did not assess the direct impact of car clubs, daily car rental schemes or
other alternatives to private vehicle ownership on the Clean Air Strategy or the roll
out of the Clean Air Zones.</p><p> </p><p>The Clean Air Strategy was published in
January this year and sets our approach for reducing emissions from a range of sources
in order to improve air quality and reduce the impacts on human health and the environment.
The policies in the Strategy were subject to extensive consultation, and estimates
of the reduction in emissions delivered by these policies were published in April
in the National Air Pollution Control Programme.</p><p> </p><p>The Clean Air Zone
Framework is designed to provide a consistent approach to the introduction of Clean
Air Zones by local authorities in order to help businesses and individuals and support
cities to grow and transition to a low emission economy. This will allow businesses
and individuals to make straightforward economic decisions about which vehicles to
purchase, and how and when they use them. The framework is also designed to encourage
local authorities to explore promoting alternative modes of transport, including buses,
cycling and walking, and other sustainable transport alternatives.</p><p> </p><p>
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