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1058715

registered interest
date	11/02/2019
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Air Pollution: Health Hazards
house id	1
legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, pursuant to the Answer of 5 February 2019 to Question 213200 on Air Pollution and with reference to p165 of the World Health Organisation report, Review of evidence on health aspects of air pollution – REVIHAAP Project, if his Department will conduct research into PM1 and PM0.1.
tabling member constituency	Stroud
tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
uin	219268
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 19/02/2019 answer text <p>Recent assessments have been undertaken of the health effects of long-term exposure to the air pollution mixture in the United Kingdom, but no separate assessments of the impact of PM1 and PM0.1 components (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 1 or 0.1 microns respectively) of particulate air pollution have been produced.</p><p> </p><p>Public Health England (PHE) undertakes various air quality research projects, working with academic partners, to review the evidence of the health effects of air pollutants. In particular, regarding the health effects of PM0.1 and PM1, PHE has a research program that looks at various aspects of the health effects of PM0.1 (nanoparticles) through the inhalational route mainly focussed on manufactured materials. However, PHE has no plans to engage in work on the effects of PM1 particles on human health over the coming year.</p> answering member constituency Winchester answering member printed Steve Brine grouped question UIN 219269 question first answered 19/02/2019 17:29:50 answering member 4067 label Biography information for Steve Brine
tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1058716

registered interest
date	11/02/2019
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Air Pollution: Health Hazards
house id	1
legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, pursuant to the Answer of 5 February 2019 to Question 213200 and with reference to page six of the January 2013 report of the Health Effects Institute entitled Understanding the Health Effects of Ambient Ultrafine Particles, if he will implement the recommendations of that report on PM0.1 and PM1.
tabling member constituency	Stroud
tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
uin	219269
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 19/02/2019 answer text <p>Recent assessments have been undertaken of the health effects of long-term exposure to the air pollution mixture in the United Kingdom, but no separate assessments of the impact of PM1 and PM0.1 components (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 1 or 0.1 microns respectively) of particulate air pollution have been produced.</p><p> </p><p>Public Health England (PHE) undertakes various air quality research projects, working with academic partners, to review the evidence of the health effects of air pollutants. In particular, regarding the health effects of PM0.1 and PM1, PHE has a research program that looks at various aspects of the health effects of PM0.1 (nanoparticles) through the inhalational route mainly focussed on manufactured materials. However, PHE has no plans to engage in work on the effects of PM1 particles on human health over the coming year.</p> answering member constituency Winchester answering member printed Steve Brine grouped question UIN 219268 question first answered 19/02/2019 17:29:50 answering member 4067 label Biography information for Steve Brine
tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1058773

registered interest
date	11/02/2019
answering body	Ministry of Justice
answering dept id	54
answering dept short name	Justice
answering dept sort name	Justice
hansard heading	Courts: Monitoring
house id	1
legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, what measures he has put in place to ensure independent monitoring of the court system.
tabling member constituency	Stroud
tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
uin	219270
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 14/02/2019 answer text <p>It is neither necessary or appropriate to have an independent monitor of our courts system. Judges are impartial and independent of government and public bodies. Any judgment is an absolute consequence of the process of the rule of law and must be respected as such. It is right that judicial decisions are accountable solely through appeal to a higher court. It is also possible for individual litigants to complain about the personal conduct of a judge during the conduct of a case to the Judicial Conduct Investigations Office (JCIO), whose statutory remit is to deal with complaints of misconduct. Monthly Management Information provides performance information on all courts including timeliness of hearings and disposals. This information is visible to all HMCTS staff (and to the public through quarterly published statistics). As such, it is continuously monitored at all levels from the frontline operation up through to the HMCTS Board, as part of a robust Planning, Allocation and Performance framework.</p> answering member constituency South East Cambridgeshire answering member printed Lucy Frazer question first answered 14/02/2019 17:03:31 answering member 4517 label Biography information for Lucy Frazer
tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1058774

registered interest
date	11/02/2019
answering body	Ministry of Justice
answering dept id	54
answering dept short name	Justice
answering dept sort name	Justice
hansard heading	Courts: Monitoring
house id	1
legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, what procedures he has put in place to monitor whether individual courts are operating efficiently and within agreed timescales.
tabling member constituency	Stroud
tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
uin	219271
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 14/02/2019 answer text <p>Monthly Management Information provides performance information on all courts. This information is visible to all HMCTS staff (and to the public through quarterly published statistics). As such, it is continuously monitored at all levels from the frontline operation up through to the HMCTS Board, as part of a robust Planning, Allocation and Performance framework.</p> answering member constituency South East Cambridgeshire answering member printed Lucy Frazer question first answered 14/02/2019 17:16:40 answering member 4517 label Biography information for Lucy Frazer
tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1058776

registered interest
date	11/02/2019
answering body	Ministry of Justice
answering dept id	54
answering dept short name	Justice
answering dept sort name	Justice
hansard heading	Trials: Standards
house id	1
legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, what sanctions he has put in place for courts that fail to operate within agreed time limits for the commencement of trials.
tabling member constituency	Stroud
tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
uin	219272
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 14/02/2019 answer text <p>Court performance is influenced by numerous factors which includes, but is not limited to, available judicial resource, changes in the offence and case mix and the overall performance of other justice sector agencies. Wherever our Performance Framework identifies that a court is not operating within target timescales, HMCTS will consider what support can best be offered to assist in recovering the position.</p> answering member constituency South East Cambridgeshire answering member printed Lucy Frazer question first answered 14/02/2019 17:15:34 answering member 4517 label Biography information for Lucy Frazer
tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1058804

registered interest
date	11/02/2019
answering body	Department for Transport
answering dept id	27
answering dept short name	Transport
answering dept sort name	Transport
hansard heading	Cycling and Walking
house id	1
legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Transport, if he will take steps to ensure that all active travel initiatives that specify walking and cycling also include horse riding.
tabling member constituency	Stroud
tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
uin	219273
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 14/02/2019 answer text <p>The Government’s response to the Cycling and Walking Investment Strategy Safety Review, published in November 2018, included a number of measures which will benefit horse riders, including making motorists aware of the need to leave safe distances when over taking people cycling or horse riding. The Government will also consider the needs of horse riders in its forthcoming review of the Highway Code. The Government does not intend to specify that all active travel initiatives should include a horse-riding element: decisions on this are a matter for local authorities.</p> answering member constituency Hereford and South Herefordshire answering member printed Jesse Norman question first answered 14/02/2019 10:36:00 answering member 3991 label Biography information for Jesse Norman
tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1058902

registered interest
date	11/02/2019
answering body	Home Office
answering dept id	1
answering dept short name	Home Office
answering dept sort name	Home Office
hansard heading	Immigration: Iran
house id	1
legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
question text	To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, how many applications for Leave to Remain from citizens of Iran were (a) successful and (b) unsuccessful; and how many of those unsuccessful applications were as a result of not being able to prove Christian faith for each year since 2012.
tabling member constituency	Stroud
tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
uin	219274
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 14/02/2019 answer text <p>The UK has a proud history of providing protection to those who need it, in accordance with our obligations under the Refugee Convention and the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR).</p><p><br>The number of Iranians who have claimed asylum in the UK up to Quarter 3 2018 (year ending Sept 18) and those who have been granted leave (Asylum/HP/ELR/other) can be found at the published Immigration Statistics, Asylum Data Tables Volume 1, table as_01_q:</p><p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/immigration-statistics-year-ending-september-2018/list-of-tables#asylum" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/immigration-statistics-year-ending-september-2018/list-of-tables#asylum</a></p><p><br>We cannot provide data on the reasons why the asylum claims were made i.e. the Convention reason, as the basis of a person’s asylum claim is recorded on their individual Home Office file, but not in a way that can be easily aggregated, so we cannot provide figures on how many claims were unsuccessful as a result of not being able to prove Christian faith. As such, this information could only be obtained at disproportionate cost, because it would require a manual search through individual records.</p> answering member constituency Romsey and Southampton North answering member printed Caroline Nokes question first answered 14/02/2019 14:02:44 answering member 4048 label Biography information for Caroline Nokes
tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1057028

registered interest
date	08/02/2019
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Incinerators: Air Pollution
house id	1
legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, pursuant to the Answer of 5 February 2019 to Question 213202 on Incinerators: Air Pollution, with reference to the report entitled Ultrafine Particulates (UFP) in the UK, published by the Air Quality Expert Group by his Department in 2018, if he will make an assessment of the effect of ultrafine particles on human health (a) in and (b) outside of the vicinity of incinerators.
tabling member constituency	Stroud
tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
uin	218744
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 18/02/2019 answer text <p>The Air Quality Expert Group Report on ‘Ultrafine Particles in the UK’ summarised current knowledge on the levels, sources and characteristics of ultrafine particles in the United Kingdom air; the report can be viewed at the following link:</p><p> </p><p><a href="https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/library/reports.php?report_id=968" target="_blank">https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/library/reports.php?report_id=968</a></p><p> </p><p>An assessment on the potential health impacts of ultrafine particles was beyond the scope of this report.</p><p> </p><p>Reviews by the Health Effects Institute and World Health Organization of the effects of different components of air pollution, including ultrafine particles (PM<sub>0.1</sub>), concluded that there is currently limited evidence on the effects on health of ultrafine particles. These reports are available to view at the following links:</p><p> </p><p><a href="https://www.healtheffects.org/publication/understanding-health-effects-ambient-ultrafine-particles" target="_blank">https://www.healtheffects.org/publication/understanding-health-effects-ambient-ultrafine-particles</a></p><p> </p><p><a href="http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/193108/REVIHAAP-Final-technical-report-final-version.pdf?ua=1" target="_blank">http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/193108/REVIHAAP-Final-technical-report-final-version.pdf?ua=1</a></p><p> </p><p>Public Health England has no plans to engage in work on the effects of ultrafine particles on human health in and outside the vicinity of incinerators.</p><p><strong> </strong></p> answering member constituency Winchester answering member printed Steve Brine question first answered 18/02/2019 17:27:43 answering member 4067 label Biography information for Steve Brine
tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1057029

registered interest
date	08/02/2019
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Incinerators: Air Pollution
house id	1
legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, pursuant to the Answer of 5 February 2019 to Question 213203 on Incinerators: Air Pollution, if he will publish the results of the developing work referred to in paragraph 15 of the paper, The Impact on Health of Emissions to Air from Municipal Waste Incinerators, published in September 2009.
tabling member constituency	Stroud
tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
uin	218745
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 18/02/2019 answer text <p>Paragraph 15 of the report ‘The Impact on Health of Emissions to Air from Municipal Waste Incinerators’ refers to ultrafine particles. The report can be viewed at the following link:</p><p> </p><p><a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/384592/The_impact_on_health_emissions_to_air_from_municipal_waste_incinerators.pdf" target="_blank">https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/384592/The_impact_on_health_emissions_to_air_from_municipal_waste_incinerators.pdf</a></p><p> </p><p>Since this report, the reviews by the Health Effects Institute and World Health Organization of the effects of different components of air pollution, including ultrafine particles (PM<sub>0.1</sub>), concluded that there is currently limited evidence on the effects on health of ultrafine particles. These reviews can be viewed at the following links:</p><p> </p><p><a href="https://www.healtheffects.org/publication/understanding-health-effects-ambient-ultrafine-particles" target="_blank">https://www.healtheffects.org/publication/understanding-health-effects-ambient-ultrafine-particles</a></p><p> </p><p><a href="http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/193108/REVIHAAP-Final-technical-report-final-version.pdf?ua=1" target="_blank">http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/193108/REVIHAAP-Final-technical-report-final-version.pdf?ua=1</a></p><p> </p><p>Recent assessments have been undertaken of the health effects of long-term exposure to the air pollution mixture in the United Kingdom. This work estimated that long-term exposure to the man-made air pollution mixture in the UK has an annual effect equivalent to 28,000 to 36,000 deaths. This was based on studies reporting associations of mortality risk with fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), which includes PM<sub>0.1</sub>, and nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>). These documents can be viewed at the following links:</p><p> </p><p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nitrogen-dioxide-effects-on-mortality" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nitrogen-dioxide-effects-on-mortality</a></p><p> </p><p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nitrogen-dioxide-effects-on-mortality" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nitrogen-dioxide-effects-on-mortality</a></p><p> </p><p> </p> answering member constituency Winchester answering member printed Steve Brine question first answered 18/02/2019 17:26:09 answering member 4067 label Biography information for Steve Brine
tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1057030

registered interest
date	08/02/2019
answering body	Department of Health and Social Care
answering dept id	17
answering dept short name	Health and Social Care
answering dept sort name	Health and Social Care
hansard heading	Plastics: Air Pollution
house id	1
legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, what information his Department holds on the pollutants emitted by the combustion of plastic that are detrimental to human health.
tabling member constituency	Stroud
tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
uin	218746
answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 18/02/2019 answer text <p>Public Health England (PHE) does not hold specific information on pollutants emitted by the combustion of plastics other than monitoring information provided to it in relation to incidents involving the combustion of plastics, such as fires at centres storing plastics intended for recycling.</p><p> </p><p>PHE, previously as the Health Protection Agency, reviewed the evidence on the products of combustion from fires in general including, but not specifically involving plastics. This advice can be viewed at the following link:</p><p> </p><p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/combustion-products-a-toxicological-review" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/combustion-products-a-toxicological-review</a></p><p> </p><p>The combustion of plastic material can release various substances that are potentially harmful to health, for example, asphyxiant gases e.g. carbon monoxide, irritant gases e.g. hydrogen chloride and phosgene, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), phosphorous oxides and particulate matter.</p><p> </p><p>Prediction of the formation toxic combustion products from plastics and risk to health would depend on many factors, such as the type of plastic, combustion conditions (temperature, oxygen availability etc), chemicals released, concentrations and duration of exposure.</p> answering member constituency Winchester answering member printed Steve Brine question first answered 18/02/2019 17:28:53 answering member 4067 label Biography information for Steve Brine
tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew