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<p>The information requested falls under the remit of the UK Statistics Authority.</p><p>
</p><p>Please see the letter attached from the National Statistician and Chief Executive
of the UK Statistics Authority.</p><p> </p><p>The Rt Hon. the Lord Tyrie</p><p>House
of Lords</p><p>London</p><p>SW1A 0PW</p><p> </p><p>24 January 2024</p><p> </p><p>Dear
Lord Tyrie,</p><p> </p><p>As National Statistician and Chief Executive of the UK Statistics
Authority, I am responding to your Parliamentary Questions asking what proportion
of the (1) gross, and (2) net, migration figures for 2022 were foreign students <strong>(HL1764)</strong>;
and what proportion of the (1) gross, and (2) net, migration figures for 2022 were
dependents of foreign students <strong>(HL1765)</strong>.</p><p>Your questions can
be answered by using data published by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). These
data can be found in our year ending June 2023 edition of our <em>Long-term international
immigration, emigration and net migration flows, provisional</em> dataset [1]. This
includes data up to June 2023. Specifically, for long term migration [2] by reason,
including study visas, please see table 3 of the aforementioned dataset. Please note
that the estimates within the dataset are still provisional.</p><p>For the year ending
December 2022, estimates for both students and dependants are available for non-EU
migrants. We do not currently have comparable figures for EU and British nationals.</p><p>For
the year ending December 2022, total immigration was 1,234,000, of which 1,030,000
were non-EU migrants.</p><p> </p><p>For the year ending December 2022, 315,000 students
immigrated long-term, 31% of all non-EU migrants. In addition, 93,000 student dependants
immigrated long-term, 9% of all non-EU migrants.</p><p> </p><p>For the year ending
December 2022, total emigration of all nationalities was 489,000 and emigration of
non-EU migrants was 157,000.</p><p> </p><p>72,000 were non-EU migrants who initially
arrived on a study visa leaving (46% of all non-EU emigrants) and a further 12,000
were non-EU migrants who initially arrived on a study dependant visa leaving (8%).</p><p>
</p><p>To calculate net migration for students and their dependents, we take the number
of individuals who emigrated – who initially arrived in the UK on a study visa (or
study-dependant visa) – away from the number of individuals who immigrated on a study
visa (or study-dependant visa).</p><p> </p><p>This comes with some caveats. It compares
immigration to emigration within the same period, so the migrants counted are a summary
of both past and current behaviours at a fixed point in time. Individuals counted
as an emigrant in this method could have transitioned to a different visa type during
their time in the UK. This means that this measure could present a distorted view
of the true causes for migration, for example where someone studies and then works.</p><p>
</p><p>For the year ending December 2022, net migration of non-EU migrants was 873,000.
243,000 was net migration for study visas, 28% of all non-EU net migration and 82,000
were study dependants, 9% of all non-EU net migration.</p><p> </p><p>Figures used
to answer your questions in this response have been included in Table 1.</p><p><strong>Table
1: Immigration, Emigration and Net Migration for year ending December 2022</strong></p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>Year
ending Dec 2022</strong></p></td><td><p>All nationalities</p></td><td><p>All Non-EU
migrants</p></td><td><p>Non-EU Students</p></td><td><p>Non-EU Student dependants</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><strong>Immigration</strong></p></td><td><p>1,234,000</p></td><td><p>1,030,000</p></td><td><p>315,000</p></td><td><p>93,000</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><strong>Emigration</strong></p></td><td><p>489,000</p></td><td><p>157,000</p></td><td><p>72,000</p></td><td><p>12,000</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><strong>Net
migration</strong></p></td><td><p>745,000</p></td><td><p>873,000</p></td><td><p>243,000</p></td><td><p>82,000</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p>
</p><p>The most up to date information is from year ending December 2023. This has
been provided in Table 2 in case helpful.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Table 2: Immigration,
Emigration and Net Migration for year ending June 2023</strong></p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>Year
ending June 2023</strong></p></td><td><p>All nationalities</p></td><td><p>All Non-EU
migrants</p></td><td><p>Non-EU Students</p></td><td><p>Non-EU Student dependants</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><strong>Immigration</strong></p></td><td><p>1,180,000</p></td><td><p>968,000</p></td><td><p>282,000</p></td><td><p>96,000</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><strong>Emigration</strong></p></td><td><p>508,000</p></td><td><p>200,000</p></td><td><p>88,000</p></td><td><p>27,000</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><strong>Net
migration</strong></p></td><td><p>672,000</p></td><td><p>768,000</p></td><td><p>194,000</p></td><td><p>69,000</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p>
</p><p>Because of the increases seen in the immigration of students in the recent
time periods, we would expect emigration to continue to rise as those students come
to the end of their studies. However, research in our Reason for international migration,
international students update: November 2023 article [3] suggests that more recent
cohorts of students are staying in the UK for longer. We will continue to monitor
this trend to see how it evolves over time.</p><p>When accessing any of our files,
you may find it helpful to read the 'notes, terms and conditions' contained within
them.</p><p>Yours sincerely,</p><p>Professor Sir Ian Diamond</p><p>[1] <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/internationalmigration/datasets/longterminternationalimmigrationemigrationandnetmigrationflowsprovisional"
target="_blank">https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/internationalmigration/datasets/longterminternationalimmigrationemigrationandnetmigrationflowsprovisional</a></p><p>[2]
We continue to use the UN definition of a long-term migrant: a person who moves to
a country other than that of their usual residence for at least a year.<a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/internationalmigration/bulletins/longterminternationalmigrationprovisional/yearendingjune2022#glossary"
target="_blank"> https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/internationalmigration/bulletins/longterminternationalmigrationprovisional/yearendingjune2022#glossary</a></p><p>[3]
<a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/internationalmigration/articles/reasonforinternationalmigrationinternationalstudentsupdate/november2023"
target="_blank">https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/internationalmigration/articles/reasonforinternationalmigrationinternationalstudentsupdate/november2023</a></p><p>
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