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<p>There are a range of special measures in place for vulnerable and intimidated victims
and witnesses in criminal justice proceedings. Complainants of sexual offences are
eligible for special measures as ‘intimidated witnesses’ but they may also be eligible
as ‘vulnerable witnesses’ if they are under 18 or lacking in capacity. The measures
available for vulnerable and intimidated witnesses include the power for a court to
order arrangements for live video links, video recorded evidence in chief, and screens
around the witness box. Courts are also able to order that vulnerable victims and
witnesses receive assistance with communication, including the use of an intermediary,
to help them understand the questions they are being asked and to give their answers
accurately. We have partially commenced the provision of pre-recorded cross examination
of vulnerable witnesses in 3 crown court centres. This partial commencement will be
extended to complainants in sexual and modern slavery offences for cases starting
in September 2017.</p>
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