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<p>Up to the age of 16, young people are introduced to a broad and balanced curriculum,
which provides music, sport, citizenship, and cultural opportunities.</p><p>The department
reformed GCSEs from 2013 to ensure that they rigorously assess the knowledge pupils
have acquired and are in line with expected standards in countries with high performing
education systems.</p><p>The computing curriculum supports pupils to become active
creators of digital technology. Programming, algorithms, and the use of information
technology are taught to pupils at key stage 3 to provide the foundation for pupils
to acquire further knowledge about artificial intelligence, data science, cyber security,
and other fields. In November 2018, the department launched the National Centre for
Computing Education (NCCE), backed by £84 million of government funding. The NCCE
provides high-quality, continuing professional development and resources to teachers
of all key stages and engages with schools and colleges across England to improve
their computing provision.</p><p>To ensure a strong pipeline of qualified students
into higher education and careers in STEM areas, the department has committed substantial
spending on subjects, including science with the aim of increasing take up. This includes
funding of programmes such as the Stimulating Physics Network and the Isaac Physics
programme which both aim to increase rates of progression to physics A level, a subject
which could lead a student into a technical career.</p><p>Post-16 students are able
to specialise, with a range of high quality academic and technical qualifications
options. This includes a rigorous suite of A levels, T Levels, and apprenticeships.
The content of T Levels is designed in collaboration with employers. Each course includes
a 45-day industry placement, so students are equipped with industry related skills.
The department is also streamlining and improving the quality of post-16 qualifications
at level 3 and below.</p>
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