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<p>a) Subsidies</p><p>The value of subsidy schemes which support renewable generation
technologies, such as wind energy, are levied on consumer electricity bills.</p><p>
</p><p>b) Investment & c) Research and Development</p><p>There is no single data
repository for historical information on cross-government investment into energy research,
development and demonstration (RD&D). The best available record of government
investment in renewable energy technologies is the International Energy Agency’s (IEA)
Energy Technology RD&D Budget Database, which this Department and its predecessor
(Department of Energy and Climate Change) contribute to. The IEA’s database allows
users to track trends in spending by energy technology in IEA countries back to 1974.
You can find the information you require at: <a href="http://www.iea.org/statistics/rdd/"
target="_blank">http://www.iea.org/statistics/rdd/</a>.</p><p> </p><p>Whilst, the
IEA’s Database is the most complete and best available historical record, given the
long time period, the range of government departments and agencies involved, and different
interpretations of what classifies as energy RD&D, the reported figures could
be imperfect and/or incomplete. The Department for Business Energy and Industrial
Strategy (BEIS) is currently reviewing how this data is collected and reported, to
improve data accuracy and confidence in the future. The table below, available on
the IEA website, shows the amount spent on biomass energy innovation per financial
year to the nearest million in £GDP (blank cells is where data is unavailable):</p><p>
</p><table><tbody><tr><td><p>Year</p></td><td><p>2007</p></td><td><p>2008</p></td><td><p>2009</p></td><td><p>2010</p></td><td><p>2011</p></td><td><p>2012</p></td><td><p>2013</p></td><td><p>2014</p></td><td><p>2015</p></td><td><p>2016</p></td><td><p>2017</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Onshore
wind technologies</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p>
</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p>0.07</p></td><td><p>0.05</p></td><td><p>0.20</p></td><td><p>0.30</p></td><td><p>
</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Offshore wind techs (excl. low wind speed)</p></td><td><p>
</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p>
</p></td><td><p>7.06</p></td><td><p>5.64</p></td><td><p>2.15</p></td><td><p>2.33</p></td><td><p>
</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Wind energy</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p>8.86</p></td><td><p>18.7</p></td><td><p>7.0</p></td><td><p>8.1</p></td><td><p>16.2</p></td><td><p>9.2</p></td><td><p>7.5</p></td><td><p>8.1</p></td><td><p>5.8</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Unallocated
wind energy</p></td><td><p>4.33</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p>8.59</p></td><td><p>18.72</p></td><td><p>7.02</p></td><td><p>8.09</p></td><td><p>9.11</p></td><td><p>3.54</p></td><td><p>4.92</p></td><td><p>5.54</p></td><td><p>5.81</p></td></tr></tbody></table>
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