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<p><strong></strong>The information requested is not held. HM Revenue and Customs
(HMRC) estimates the tax gap, which will encompass fraud, for VAT, excise duties and
customs duty – the latter is contained within the Department’s estimates of ‘other
taxes’. However, it is not possible to subdivide these tax gap estimates into fraud
that occurs at the United Kingdom border and fraud that occurs elsewhere. Tax gap
estimates for VAT, excise duties and other taxes for tax years 2005-06 to 2016-17
are available in chapters 2, 3 and 6, respectively, of HMRC’s publication Measuring
Tax Gaps 2018. This report is available at <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/measuring-tax-gaps"
target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/measuring-tax-gaps</a>.</p>
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