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<p>Public Health England (PHE), the Veterinary Medicines Directorate and colleagues
from the devolved administrations plan to publish a joint report (One Health Report
2015) on human and animal antibiotic use and resistance in the United Kingdom in May
2015. The report compares primary/secondary care prescribing data and veterinary antibiotic
sales data and presents antimicrobial resistance (AMR) levels to key antibiotics used
in human and veterinary medicine for important indicator (<em>Escherichia coli</em>)
and zoonotic (<em>Campylobacter</em> spp., non-typhoidal <em>Salmonella</em>) bacteria.
There are significant differences in the surveillance systems providing the data for
this report; this report will improve the understanding of the AMR relationship between
animals and humans in the UK.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>PHE is being funded by
the Department’s Policy Research Programme and the Food Standards Agency to look at
public health risk associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) positive
<em>E. Coli</em> from non-human reservoirs. This will be the largest study of its
kind undertaken in the UK and involves England, Wales and Scotland. It is planned
to publish the report in 2016.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>The Department’s National
Institute for Health Research is funding a Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare
Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford. This
is a research partnership between the university and PHE. The unit is working with
the Animal and Plant Health Agency to develop and validate tools to look for resistance
genes in bacteria from diverse sources using new genome sequencing technologies rather
than classical methods.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>A study by researchers at the
former Health Protection Agency, published in 2010, investigated <em>E. coli</em>
producing ESBL enzymes from chicken meat imported into the UK from South America.
The study specifically looked at whether the meat was a source of the common ST131
clone or CTX-M 15 ESBL producers. It was concluded that this was not a significant
source of either the ST131 clone or the CTX-M 15 ESBLs in the UK. The publication
is available at:</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20889530"
target="_blank">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20889530</a></p><p> </p><p> </p><p>
</p><p>Work funded by the Medical Research Council includes research led by the University
of Cambridge looking at emergence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in
cattle and transmission to humans.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>The Antimicrobial
Resistance Funders’ Forum (AMRFF) has been established to provide a forum for the
sharing of information on activities relating to AMR, and in particular anti-bacterial
resistance, by the various member organisations. The Forum provides a framework for
a more coordinated approach to tackling AMR research to maximise impact on national
and international policies and activities. Membership of the AMRFF includes the Research
Councils, Health Departments, Governmental bodies as well as charities with a direct
or indirect interest in AMR and which provide significant research and development
budgets in the area.</p><p> </p>
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