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386883

	registered interest
	date	01/07/2015
	answering body	Department for Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept id	63
	answering dept short name	Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept sort name	Energy and Climate Change
	hansard heading	Carbon Emissions
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty’s Government what proportion of their 2020 carbon emissions reduction target they intend to achieve through the development of thermal heating capacity in the United Kingdom.
	tabling member printed	Lord Judd
	uin	HL992
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 07/07/2015 answer text <p>The Climate Change Act (2008) requires the Government to set legally binding ‘carbon budgets’ to meet the objective of reducing emissions by at least 80% in 2050 from 1990 levels. The Act requires that the UK’s emissions in the third carbon budget period, which covers 2020, are at least 34% below the 1990 baseline for emissions.</p><p>The Government has not set specific targets for how much of the emissions reductions required for each carbon budget should come from different emissions sources, for example heat, electricity or transport. This is to provide sufficient flexibility to ensure carbon savings are delivered across the economy in the most cost effective way.</p><p>However, DECC does produce projections of UK emissions that account for the impact of Government policies. The last projections published in September 2014 [1] showed that the UK was on track to meet the second (2013-17) and third (2018-22) budgets having already met the first carbon budget (2008-12).</p><p>In 2020, policies [2] which drive improvements in energy efficiency (across all sectors) are projected to contribute 61% of the total reduction in emissions and policies influencing the uptake of low-carbon heat technologies are projected to contribute 5%. Other policies such as Building Regulations also support the reduction of heat emissions from buildings for example through the requirement to install a condensing boiler in most cases when a boiler needs to be replaced.</p><p><em><strong>[1]</strong></em><em> Updated Energy and Emissions Projections: 2014 (DECC)</em></p><p><strong><em> [</em></strong><strong><em>2]</em></strong><em> Source: Annex D of the Updated Energy and Emissions Projections (EEP): 2014 (DECC). Based on all policies listed in EEP, including those introduced before as well as after the publication of the Low Carbon Transition Plan (LCTP) 2009</em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p> answering member printed Lord Bourne of Aberystwyth grouped question UIN HL991 question first answered 07/07/2015 16:31:57 answering member 4282 label Biography information for Lord Bourne of Aberystwyth
	tabling member	1660 label Biography information for Lord Judd

381763

	registered interest
	date	17/06/2015
	answering body	Department for Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept id	63
	answering dept short name	Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept sort name	Energy and Climate Change
	hansard heading	Radioactive Waste
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, pursuant to the statement by the Minister of State for Energy and Climate Change of 17 June 2015, Official Report, columns 108-112WH, what the evidential basis is for the statements that (a) a geological disposal facility is internationally recognised as the safest means of managing radioactive waste and (b) that Sweden, Finland, Canada and the US are pursuing that type of facility.
	tabling member constituency	Newport West
	tabling member printed	Paul Flynn
	uin	3035
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 05/08/2015 answer text <p>There is general agreement internationally that geological disposal provides the safest long-term management solution for higher activity radioactive waste. The evidence of this is set out in documents such as the International Atomic Energy Agency’s 2003 report <em>‘Scientific and Technical Basis for the Geological Disposal of Radioactive Wastes’</em> and the Nuclear Energy Agency’s Radioactive Waste Management Committee 2008 collective statement <em>‘Moving Forward with Geological Disposal</em>’.</p><p> </p><p>Having taken into account significant public and stakeholder involvement, many countries have adopted geological disposal as their long-term management solution for higher activity radioactive waste. With the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management, the Safety Standards of the International Atomic Energy Agency, and the recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, there is now a common framework that guides national regulatory oversight and implementation of geological disposal.</p><p> </p><p>While there are countries that have yet to decide or issue long-term waste management policies, no country has adopted a permanent solution other than geological disposal.</p><p> </p><p>Detailed evidence that Sweden, Finland, Canada and the US are among those implementing geological disposal is publicly available, but I have provided brief summaries of these programmes below, for your convenience.</p><p> </p><p>In Sweden, the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company, SKB, is planning to construct a Spent Fuel Repository at Forsmark.</p><p> </p><p>In Finland, the Onkalo spent nuclear fuel repository is currently under construction. In February 2015, Finnish regulations produced a safety evaluation and issued a statement to the Finnish Government confirming that the facility designed by Posiva can be built to be safe.</p><p> </p><p>In Canada, the Nuclear Waste Management Organization is carrying out preliminary assessments with communities that have expressed interest in learning more about hosting a deep geological repository and an associated Centre of Expertise.</p><p> </p><p>In the US, the US Government endorsed the recommendations of the Blue Ribbon Commission on America’s Nuclear Future in January 2013. These included a call for prompt efforts to develop one or more GDFs.</p><p> </p><p> </p> answering member constituency South Northamptonshire answering member printed Andrea Leadsom question first answered 05/08/2015 15:28:12 answering member 4117 label Biography information for Andrea Leadsom
	tabling member	545 label Biography information for Paul Flynn

384933

	registered interest
	date	22/06/2015
	answering body	Department for Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept id	63
	answering dept short name	Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept sort name	Energy and Climate Change
	hansard heading	Renewable Energy
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, what steps her Department is taking to incentivise greater use of renewable and non-fossil fuel forms of energy.
	tabling member constituency	Central Suffolk and North Ipswich
	tabling member printed	Dr Poulter
	uin	900543
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 28/08/2015 answer text <p>Government has a range of measures in place to support deployment of low carbon energy sources. For electricity, these include Contracts for Difference, which will provide efficient long term support for all forms of low carbon electricity generation. <br> <br>For heat, the non-domestic and domestic Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) schemes are designed to bridge the gap between the cost of fossil fuel heat sources and renewable alternatives through financial support for owners of participating installations in Great Britain.</p><p> </p> answering member constituency South Northamptonshire answering member printed Andrea Leadsom question first answered 28/08/2015 13:55:42 answering member 4117 label Biography information for Andrea Leadsom
	tabling member	3932 label Biography information for Dr Dan Poulter

385628

	registered interest
	date	24/06/2015
	answering body	Department for Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept id	63
	answering dept short name	Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept sort name	Energy and Climate Change
	hansard heading	Wind Power: Seas and Oceans
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, pursuant to the Answer of 4 June 2015 to Question 603, what steps her Department is taking to ensure that the UK supply chain benefits from investment in the offshore wind industry.
	tabling member constituency	Sheffield, Brightside and Hillsborough
	tabling member printed	Harry Harpham
	uin	3934
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 08/07/2015 answer text <p>The Government is working together with the Offshore Wind Industry to build a competitive and innovative UK supply chain that delivers and sustains jobs, exports and economic benefit for the UK.</p><p>Officials are working with the Developers, who were successful in the first Contract for Difference (CFD) allocation round, on the implementation of their Supply Chain Plan and to boost UK content.</p> answering member constituency South Northamptonshire answering member printed Andrea Leadsom question first answered 08/07/2015 13:07:06 answering member 4117 label Biography information for Andrea Leadsom
	tabling member	4477 label Biography information for Harry Harpham

385949

	registered interest
	date	26/06/2015
	answering body	Department for Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept id	63
	answering dept short name	Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept sort name	Energy and Climate Change
	hansard heading	Wind Power: Subsidies
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, what assessment her Department has made of the potential effect on consumer energy bills of the decision to close the Renewables Obligation for onshore wind.
	tabling member constituency	Aberdeen South
	tabling member printed	Callum McCaig
	uin	4458
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 09/07/2015 answer text <p>We do not expect consumer bills to rise as a result of our proposals to end new subsidies for onshore wind. Indeed, those onshore wind projects unlikely now to go ahead would have cost hundreds of millions of pounds in Renewables Obligation (RO) subsidy over their lifetime. This Government is committed to bringing about the transition to low carbon generation as cost effectively and securely as possible.</p> answering member constituency South Northamptonshire answering member printed Andrea Leadsom question first answered 09/07/2015 12:05:59 answering member 4117 label Biography information for Andrea Leadsom
	tabling member	4364 label Biography information for Callum McCaig

386608

	registered interest
	date	30/06/2015
	answering body	Department for Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept id	63
	answering dept short name	Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept sort name	Energy and Climate Change
	hansard heading	Renewable Energy: Expenditure
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, how much the Government has spent in each renewable energy sector in each of the last five years.
	tabling member constituency	Greenwich and Woolwich
	tabling member printed	Matthew Pennycook
	uin	4982
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 08/07/2015 answer text <p>The UK continues to make progress on renewable energy in electricity, heat and transport. The cost of policies over the last five years (2009/10-2013/14) averaged at £2,396m per annum (see table 1 below).</p><p> </p><p><strong><em>Table 1: Policy costs by sector over time (£m)*</em></strong></p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>Sector </strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2009/10</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2010/11</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2011/12</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2012/13</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2013/14</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Electricity**</p></td><td><p>£1,120</p></td><td><p>£1,300</p></td><td><p>£1,609</p></td><td><p>£2,498</p></td><td><p>£3,290</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Heat</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td><p>£2</p></td><td><p>£27</p></td><td><p>£52</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Transport</p></td><td><p>£352</p></td><td><p>£453</p></td><td><p>£538</p></td><td><p>£345</p></td><td><p>£398</p></td></tr><tr><td><p><strong>Total</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>£1,471</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>£1,752</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>£2,148</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>£2,869</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>£3,740</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="6"><p><em>*in millions of nominal GBP. Discrepancies due to rounding.</em></p><p><em>**this information is publicly available – sources are set out below. Figures for 14/15 not available yet. There was no spend between 2009/10 to 2013/14 on Contracts for Difference.</em></p></td></tr></tbody></table><p>This information was taken from publicly available sources: for electricity, by multiplying ‘total obligation (ROCs) and ‘buy-out’ price (£ per ROC) for the Renewables Obligation spend:</p><p> </p><ul><li><a href="https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications-and-updates/renewables-obligation-buy-out-fund-2013-14" target="_blank">https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications-and-updates/renewables-obligation-buy-out-fund-2013-14</a>;</li><li><a href="https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/sites/default/files/docs/2013/10/buy-out_fund_redistribution_12-13.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/sites/default/files/docs/2013/10/buy-out_fund_redistribution_12-13.pdf</a>;</li><li><a href="https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications-and-updates/renewables-obligation-buy-out-fund-2011-12" target="_blank">https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications-and-updates/renewables-obligation-buy-out-fund-2011-12</a>;</li><li><a href="https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications-and-updates/renewables-obligation-late-payment-fund-2010-2011" target="_blank">https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications-and-updates/renewables-obligation-late-payment-fund-2010-2011</a>;</li><li><a href="https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications-and-updates/renewables-obligation-annual-report-2009-2010" target="_blank">https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications-and-updates/renewables-obligation-annual-report-2009-2010</a>;</li><li>Directly from each annual report for Feed-in-Tariffs spend:</li></ul><p><a href="https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/environmental-programmes/feed-tariff-fit-scheme/feed-tariff-reports/annual-reports" target="_blank">https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/environmental-programmes/feed-tariff-fit-scheme/feed-tariff-reports/annual-reports</a>;</p><ul><li>For heat, directly from: <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/annual-report-and-accounts-2013-to-2014" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/annual-report-and-accounts-2013-to-2014</a>;</li><li>For transport, adjusted using the GDP deflator:</li></ul><p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/renewable-transport-fuel-obligation-annual-report-2013-to-2014" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/renewable-transport-fuel-obligation-annual-report-2013-to-2014</a>;</p><ul><li><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/307437/impact-assessment-pir.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/307437/impact-assessment-pir.pdf</a>;</li><li>http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/method-quality/specific/economy/national-accounts/changes-to-national-accounts/index.html.</li></ul><p> </p> answering member constituency South Northamptonshire answering member printed Andrea Leadsom question first answered 08/07/2015 13:08:24 answering member 4117 label Biography information for Andrea Leadsom
	tabling member	4520 label Biography information for Matthew Pennycook

386611

	registered interest
	date	30/06/2015
	answering body	Department for Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept id	63
	answering dept short name	Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept sort name	Energy and Climate Change
	hansard heading	Wind Power: Employment
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, what estimate her Department has made of the number of jobs in (a) construction and (b) operation that may be lost following the ending of onshore wind subsidy.
	tabling member constituency	Carshalton and Wallington
	tabling member printed	Tom Brake
	uin	4723
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 08/07/2015 answer text <p>There were an estimated 19,000 people employed in the onshore wind sector in 2013, including in the supply chain. [1] We currently have enough projects in the pipeline to meet our 2020 renewable electricity objective of between 11-13GW of onshore wind capacity while remaining within the limits of what is affordable. This pipeline of projects will deliver new jobs across the UK.</p><p>[1] <em>The Size and Performance of the UK Low Carbon Economy: Report for 2010 to 2013</em> (March 2013): <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/416240/bis-15-206-size-and-performance-of-uk-low-carbon-economy.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/416240/bis-15-206-size-and-performance-of-uk-low-carbon-economy.pdf</a></p><p> </p> answering member constituency South Northamptonshire answering member printed Andrea Leadsom question first answered 08/07/2015 13:23:59 answering member 4117 label Biography information for Andrea Leadsom
	tabling member	151 label Biography information for Tom Brake

386612

	registered interest
	date	30/06/2015
	answering body	Department for Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept id	63
	answering dept short name	Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept sort name	Energy and Climate Change
	hansard heading	Department of Energy and Climate Change: Public Appointments
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, if she will place in the Library a list of all public appointments made by her Department between 1 January 2015 and 1 May 2015.
	tabling member constituency	Barking
	tabling member printed	Margaret Hodge
	uin	4963
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 09/07/2015 answer text <p>Under the Code of Practice for Ministerial Appointments to Public Bodies April 2012, government departments are required to publicise successful appointments.</p><p>Public appointments made by the Department are either published on the Department or the relevant public bodies’ website. Between 1 January 2015 and 1 May 2015 appointments were published on the Departments website and on the Fuel Poverty Advisory Groups website:</p><p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-of-energy-climate-change" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-of-energy-climate-change</a>;</p><p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/the-fuel-poverty-advisory-group" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/the-fuel-poverty-advisory-group</a>.</p> answering member constituency South Northamptonshire answering member printed Andrea Leadsom question first answered 09/07/2015 12:06:58 answering member 4117 label Biography information for Andrea Leadsom
	tabling member	140 label Biography information for Dame Margaret Hodge

386614

	registered interest
	date	30/06/2015
	answering body	Department for Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept id	63
	answering dept short name	Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept sort name	Energy and Climate Change
	hansard heading	Renewable Energy: Investment
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, if she will make a comparative estimate of per capita investment in the renewable energy sector by the UK and (a) Germany, (b) China and (c) the EU average.
	tabling member constituency	Greenwich and Woolwich
	tabling member printed	Matthew Pennycook
	uin	4831
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 09/07/2015 answer text <p>According to Bloomberg New Energy Finance, the UK has benefitted from over £53bn of private sector investment in the renewable energy market (Biomass &amp; Waste, Geothermal, Marine, Small Hydro, Solar and Wind) since 2004. This equates to an average of £79 per capita per year. In the same period, around £133bn was invested in Germany at an average of £148 per capita per year and £244bn was invested in China at an average of £16 per capita per year. The European average for the same period is £78 per capita per year.</p><p>In 2014 there was over £8bn of private sector investment in the UK equivalent to £132 per capita, compared to £97 for Germany and £36 for China. The European average was £60.</p><p><em>Source - Bloomberg New Energy Finance, Eurostat and UN </em></p> answering member constituency South Northamptonshire answering member printed Andrea Leadsom question first answered 09/07/2015 12:37:35 answering member 4117 label Biography information for Andrea Leadsom
	tabling member	4520 label Biography information for Matthew Pennycook

386616

	registered interest
	date	30/06/2015
	answering body	Department for Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept id	63
	answering dept short name	Energy and Climate Change
	answering dept sort name	Energy and Climate Change
	hansard heading	Carbon Capture and Storage: Trees
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, what assessment her Department has made of the importance of trees and tree planting to achieving carbon capture.
	tabling member constituency	Berwick-upon-Tweed
	tabling member printed	Mrs Anne-Marie Trevelyan
	uin	4922
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 08/07/2015 answer text <p>Forests play an important part in mitigating climate change (as well as in adapting to its impacts). Domestically, forestland is a net sink in the UK, removing 17 Mtonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2013) and the amount of carbon stored in UK trees increased from 1990-2013. Forestry inventory projections indicate an increasing trend in net removals by UK forests and then a decline towards mid-century as forests mature (in mature forests carbon uptake is reduced) and more trees are harvested. Nonetheless, forests will remain a net sink in the UK, at least beyond the middle of the century.</p><p>Forestry policy is devolved, and all four countries have established policies for woodland creation, co-financed through the EU Rural Development Program. The revised UK Forestry Standard, published in November 2011 provides that ‘forest management should contribute to climate change mitigation over the long term through the net capture and storage of carbon in the forest ecosystem and in wood products’. The Committee on Climate Change has estimated that by 2030 an additional 1 megaton of carbon dioxide a year could be abated through afforestation activities.</p><p>Internationally, deforestation causes 10 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Reaching the goals of the New York Declaration on Forests – ending forest loss by 2030 and restoring 350 million hectares – is estimated to reduce between 4.5 and 8.8 billion tonnes of CO2 per year in 2030. Over 1 billion poor people depend on forests for their livelihoods, they provide essential ecosystem services and support up to 80 per cent of terrestrial biodiversity. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has taken a number of steps to mitigate forests emissions and enhance sequestration. In the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol (2013-2020), all countries with emissions reductions commitments (including the European Union) are required to account for all forest related emissions and removals, and are therefore incentivised to sustainably manage their forests.</p><p>For developing countries, the UNFCCC has established ‘REDD+’ as a mechanism to reduce emissions from deforestation and promote the conservation of forest carbon stocks, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks by rewarding countries who protect their forests with a payment based on verified emissions reductions. The UK’s £3.87 billion <em>International Climate Fund </em>supports developing countries address deforestation, including programmes which support REDD+, governance and market reforms, curbing illegal and unsustainable use of forest resources, and investments in sustainable forestry, agriculture and land management.</p> answering member constituency South Northamptonshire answering member printed Andrea Leadsom question first answered 08/07/2015 13:09:13 answering member 4117 label Biography information for Andrea Leadsom previous answer version 11499 answering member constituency South Northamptonshire answering member printed Andrea Leadsom answering member 4117 label Biography information for Andrea Leadsom
	tabling member	4531 label Biography information for Anne-Marie Trevelyan