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1313618

	registered interest
	date	11/05/2021
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Cats: Meloxicam
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government, further to the US Food and Drug Administration including boxed warning labels on Metacam (Meloxicam) due to the risks associated with acute renal failure and death in cats, what steps they are taking to ensure similar warnings are in place on all boxes of Metacam sold to vets in the UK.
	tabling member printed	Lord Blencathra
	uin	HL10
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 25/05/2021 answer text <p>There are three Metacam products authorised for use in cats in the UK:</p><p> </p><p>- Metacam 5 mg/ml solution for injection for dogs and cats</p><p>- Metacam 2mg/ml solution for injection for cats</p><p>- Metacam 0.5 mg/ml oral suspension for cats and guinea pigs</p><p> </p><p>All three products already include warnings relating to renal failure and therefore veterinary surgeons in the UK are aware of the risk of renal failure with the use of Metacam in cats.</p><p> </p><p>In 2019, the marketing authorisation holder for Metacam was requested to provide an analysis of all cases of renal failure and death in cats. The company provided data comparing the use of the product and the frequency of cases in the United States (US) with those in the EU. This demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of off-label use (use of the product not in accordance with the product information), renal failure and fatalities in the US compared with the EU. Vets are allowed to use veterinary medicinal products off-label in certain circumstances. However, the Metacam data does not indicate that the incidence of such use is as prevalent in the EU or the UK as in the US. It was concluded that vets in the EU and UK were already aware of the risks of renal failure with off-label use and the product information included sufficient warnings relating to the correct use and associated risks. The company was requested to continue specifically to monitor cases of renal failure in cats.</p><p> </p><p>Based on a review of the data over the past 10 years, the incidence of renal failure in the UK following use of Metacam in cats has gradually decreased from one in 200,000 to one in a million, supporting the view that vets are now even more aware of the risks associated with off-label use.</p><p> </p><p>The Veterinary Medicines Directorate will continue to consider the scientific evidence to inform further action as required and the consistency of product information and warnings for all meloxicam products.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon grouped question UIN HL11 question first answered 25/05/2021 14:28:37 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
	tabling member	497 label Biography information for Lord Blencathra

1461100

	registered interest
	date	10/05/2022
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Rural Areas: Economic Situation
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the report by the APPG for Rural Business and Rural Powerhouse Levelling Up the Rural Economy: An Inquiry into rural productivity, published on 27 April.
	tabling member printed	The Lord Bishop of St Albans
	uin	HL100
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 24/05/2022 answer text <p>We welcome this report which highlights some of the key challenges for rural areas.</p><p> </p><p>We are providing funding to put in place the infrastructure that rural areas need. We are investing £5 billion so hard-to-reach areas can get gigabit speeds. Over 67% of UK premises can now access gigabit-capable broadband. The Government-led £1 billion Shared Rural Network will also roll out fast and reliable 4G coverage to 95 per cent of UK landmass.</p><p> </p><p>We are committed to levelling up rural areas, with over £2.6 billion committed nationwide via the UK Shared Prosperity Fund to spread opportunity.</p><p>The Government has made a clear commitment to rural proofing. We will publish the second annual Rural Proofing report following our Levelling Up White Paper which will set out the Government’s approach to levelling up in in rural areas and targeted approaches where needed to develop rural infrastructure services.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon question first answered 24/05/2022 16:01:28 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
	tabling member	4308 label Biography information for The Lord Bishop of St Albans

1332173

	registered interest
	date	10/06/2021
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Bridleways: Bitumens
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what plans they have to ensure that bridle-paths are prevented from being tarmacked.
	tabling member printed	Baroness Hodgson of Abinger
	uin	HL1000
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 24/06/2021 answer text <p>Public rights of way are a local matter and are handled by individual local highway authorities.</p><p> </p><p>Local authorities are required to keep a Rights of Way Improvement Plan (ROWIP) to plan improvements to their network, which is usually available on the authority’s website. I would hope local authorities, whenever possible, would look at the needs of all users, including walkers, cyclists and horse-riders. Safety must be a consideration in this process.</p><p> </p><p>Local authorities receive most of their rights of way funding from central Government through the Revenue Support Grant to deliver various duties, including ROWIPs. It is not ring-fenced and we cannot say how much authorities should spend on ROWIPs. It is up to local authorities to manage their own budgets and decide how much they should spend on their different duties, and for local people to hold them to account.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon grouped question UIN HL1001 HL1002 HL999 question first answered 24/06/2021 15:38:53 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
	tabling member	4301 label Biography information for Baroness Hodgson of Abinger

967519

	registered interest
	date	04/09/2018
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Agriculture: Subsidies
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what plans they have to maintain the financial support to the agricultural sector following Brexit.
	tabling member printed	Lord Roberts of Llandudno
	uin	HL10006
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 18/09/2018 answer text <p>This Government has pledged to continue to commit the same cash total in funds for farm support until the end of this parliament, expected in 2022. We have also confirmed we will pay the 2019 Basic Payment Scheme on the same basis as we do now. All Pillar 2 projects signed by 31 December 2020 will be funded for their lifetime. Any changes made to agricultural funding would reflect the Government’s aim of securing a better future for UK agriculture and for the environment.</p> answering member printed Lord Gardiner of Kimble question first answered 18/09/2018 11:37:49 answering member 4161 label Biography information for Lord Gardiner of Kimble
	tabling member	3691 label Biography information for Lord Roberts of Llandudno

1332174

	registered interest
	date	10/06/2021
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Horse Riding
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what steps they are taking to open more farmland and off-road areas for horse riders.
	tabling member printed	Baroness Hodgson of Abinger
	uin	HL1001
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 24/06/2021 answer text <p>Public rights of way are a local matter and are handled by individual local highway authorities.</p><p> </p><p>Local authorities are required to keep a Rights of Way Improvement Plan (ROWIP) to plan improvements to their network, which is usually available on the authority’s website. I would hope local authorities, whenever possible, would look at the needs of all users, including walkers, cyclists and horse-riders. Safety must be a consideration in this process.</p><p> </p><p>Local authorities receive most of their rights of way funding from central Government through the Revenue Support Grant to deliver various duties, including ROWIPs. It is not ring-fenced and we cannot say how much authorities should spend on ROWIPs. It is up to local authorities to manage their own budgets and decide how much they should spend on their different duties, and for local people to hold them to account.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon grouped question UIN HL1000 HL1002 HL999 question first answered 24/06/2021 15:38:53 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
	tabling member	4301 label Biography information for Baroness Hodgson of Abinger

1332175

	registered interest
	date	10/06/2021
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Horse Riding: Safety
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the danger that cyclists can pose to horse riders; and what plans they have to mitigate this danger on shared routes.
	tabling member printed	Baroness Hodgson of Abinger
	uin	HL1002
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 24/06/2021 answer text <p>Public rights of way are a local matter and are handled by individual local highway authorities.</p><p> </p><p>Local authorities are required to keep a Rights of Way Improvement Plan (ROWIP) to plan improvements to their network, which is usually available on the authority’s website. I would hope local authorities, whenever possible, would look at the needs of all users, including walkers, cyclists and horse-riders. Safety must be a consideration in this process.</p><p> </p><p>Local authorities receive most of their rights of way funding from central Government through the Revenue Support Grant to deliver various duties, including ROWIPs. It is not ring-fenced and we cannot say how much authorities should spend on ROWIPs. It is up to local authorities to manage their own budgets and decide how much they should spend on their different duties, and for local people to hold them to account.</p> answering member printed Lord Benyon grouped question UIN HL1000 HL1001 HL999 question first answered 24/06/2021 15:38:53 answering member 1547 label Biography information for Lord Benyon
	tabling member	4301 label Biography information for Baroness Hodgson of Abinger

1249855

	registered interest
	date	09/11/2020
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Musical Instruments: Northern Ireland
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government whether UK musicians will need (1) Convention on International Trade In Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora certificates, and (2) Carnets, for instruments being transported from Great Britain to Northern Ireland after 31 December.
	tabling member printed	Lord Aberdare
	uin	HL10029
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 23/11/2020 answer text <p>After the Transition Period, controls implementing the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) will apply to the movement of CITES specimens between Great Britain (GB) and Northern Ireland (NI). This is as a result of our international obligations under CITES, and the operation of the Northern Ireland Protocol. If a musical instrument contains CITES-listed species (and is not exempted) then CITES documents will be required for movements from GB to NI after 31 December. ATA Carnets cannot be used as an alternative to CITES documentation.</p><p>However, after the Transition period, ATA Carnets will become an option for temporarily moving goods between the UK, EU and NI. Use of an ATA Carnet is optional, and it is a commercial decision as to whether it is the most cost-effective method in each specific circumstance.</p> answering member printed Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park question first answered 23/11/2020 12:14:00 answering member 4062 label Biography information for Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park
	tabling member	3898 label Biography information for Lord Aberdare

967548

	registered interest
	date	04/09/2018
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Starlings
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of studies by the British Trust for Ornithology which show that the population of starlings has fallen by 66 per cent since the 1970s.
	tabling member printed	Lord Tebbit
	uin	HL10031
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 17/09/2018 answer text <p>The Government is aware of the British Trust for Ornithology data on starlings. The Government’s wild bird statistics that measure relative abundance show decreases for starlings of 81% in the long term (1970-2015) and 5% in the short term (2010-2015).</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>The cause of the decline in starlings, although not fully understood, is likely to be linked to food availability and over winter survival. To support starlings and other birds there are agri-environment scheme options that aim to boost food availability. In the period 2008-2014, farms in Higher Level Stewardship agreements, specifically undertaking bird friendly management options, found a sustained 79% increase in starling abundance.</p><p> </p> answering member printed Lord Gardiner of Kimble question first answered 17/09/2018 12:38:53 answering member 4161 label Biography information for Lord Gardiner of Kimble
	tabling member	952 label Biography information for Lord Tebbit

967550

	registered interest
	date	04/09/2018
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Sewage: Water Treatment
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of research by the Environment Department at the University of York which found that worms, maggots and flies at sewage treatment plants contain traces of many drugs, including anti-depressants.
	tabling member printed	Lord Tebbit
	uin	HL10032
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 17/09/2018 answer text <p>Researchers at the University of York have published in a peer reviewed journal that earthworms collected at sewage treatment plants contained mean concentrations of 26.20±4.70 ng/g of the anti-depressant fluoxetine (trade name Prozac) (Bean et al. 2017). In a recent paper concerning the effects of low, environmental relevant, concentrations of Prozac on the courtship of starlings (Whitlock et al. 2018), they also refer to work by other researchers showing earthworms at sewage treatment plants to contain other contaminants including pharmaceuticals (Markman et al. 2007 &amp; 2008). There are many other studies globally showing uptake of pharmaceuticals into a variety of invertebrate species.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>The uptake of pharmaceutical residues from sewage, sewage effluent and sewage sludge has been shown to negatively impact invertebrates themselves and provides a clear route of exposure to many species of wildlife including birds and bats. The full significance of this is still being assessed.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>Bean, T. G., Arnold, K. E., Lane, J., Bergstrom, E., Thomas-Oates, J. E., Rattner, B., &amp; Boxall, A. B. A. (2017). Predictive framework for estimating exposure of birds to pharmaceuticals. <em>Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry</em>. DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.3771" target="_blank">10.1002/etc.3771</a></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>Markman S,Guschina I,Barnsley S,Buchanan K,Pascoe D,et al. (2007) Endocrine disrupting chemicals accumulate in earthworms exposed to sewage effluent. Chemosphere 70: 119–125.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>Markman S, Leitner S, Catchpole C, Barnsley S, Müller CT, Pascoe D, et al. (2008) Pollutants Increase Song Complexity and the Volume of the Brain Area HVC in a Songbird. PLoS ONE 3(2): e1674. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001674</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>Sophia E. Whitlock, M. Glória Pereira, Richard F. Shore, Julie Lane, Kathryn E. Arnold. Environmentally relevant exposure to an antidepressant alters courtship behaviours in a songbird. <em>Chemosphere</em>, 2018; 211: 17 DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.074" target="_blank">10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.074</a></p><p> </p><p>(12/12)</p><p> </p> answering member printed Lord Gardiner of Kimble question first answered 17/09/2018 12:37:26 answering member 4161 label Biography information for Lord Gardiner of Kimble
	tabling member	952 label Biography information for Lord Tebbit

967551

	registered interest
	date	04/09/2018
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Starlings
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the impact of low concentrations of anti-depressants on the courtship and breeding of starlings.
	tabling member printed	Lord Tebbit
	uin	HL10033
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 17/09/2018 answer text <p>The experiments conducted by University of York in collaboration with the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) demonstrated that exposing starlings to a maximal environmentally relevant concentration of an anti-depressant (fluoxetine) altered courtship behaviour in wild-caught starlings (<em>Sturnus vulgaris</em>). The males sang less and were more aggressive towards females that had been dosed with an anti-depressant than to the untreated females and in addition the treated females were also initially more aggressive towards males than the untreated females. However there were no effects on female courtship behaviour or on circulating female hormones in treated females. These findings suggest that exposure to this dose of anti-depressant reduced female attractiveness to the male but the reasons why are not clear. Whether these levels of anti-depressants in the environment would have a significant effect on an individual’s fitness or the population as a whole requires further investigation.</p><p> </p> answering member printed Lord Gardiner of Kimble question first answered 17/09/2018 12:36:31 answering member 4161 label Biography information for Lord Gardiner of Kimble
	tabling member	952 label Biography information for Lord Tebbit