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1249913

	registered interest
	date	05/11/2020
	answering body	Ministry of Justice
	answering dept id	54
	answering dept short name	Justice
	answering dept sort name	Justice
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, what (a) artificial intelligence and (b) machine learning projects are being (i) undertaken and (ii) considered for his Department.
	tabling member constituency	Glasgow South West
	tabling member printed	Chris Stephens
	uin	112082
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 12/11/2020 answer text <p>The department does not use Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Machine Learning (ML) in the true definition across its services. The department has an Analytical Platform which spots trends and create links between data sets; however, this wouldn’t fall under either category. A case study on the Analytical Platform can be found here:</p><p> </p><p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/choose-tools-and-infrastructure-to-make-better-use-of-your-data#case-study---using-data-science-with-the-ministry-of-justice-analytical-platform" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/guidance/choose-tools-and-infrastructure-to-make-better-use-of-your-data#case-study---using-data-science-with-the-ministry-of-justice-analytical-platform</a></p><p> </p><p>With its analytical platform, the department has built a set of tools that provide the basis for the potential development of AI/ML tools, and alongside this, we are undertaking a project that builds on the Office for Artificial Intelligence guidance to develop practical tools and governance to support the ethical development of any future AL/ML project. The Government’s Data Ethics Framework and ‘Guide to Using AI in the Public Sector’, alongside other guidance are available on GOV.UK, to support ethical and safe use of algorithms in the public sector.</p><p> </p><p>The Department continues to review where artificial intelligence or machine learning would add value to undertaking its duties. In most circumstances we use software in place of machine learning or Artificial Intelligence.</p> answering member constituency Cheltenham answering member printed Alex Chalk question first answered 12/11/2020 13:27:06 answering member 4481 label Biography information for Alex Chalk
	tabling member	4463 label Biography information for Chris Stephens

1171792

	registered interest
	date	20/01/2020
	answering body	Ministry of Justice
	answering dept id	54
	answering dept short name	Justice
	answering dept sort name	Justice
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	To ask Her Majesty's Government what specific offences are categorised as a hate crime; and what are the criteria for such categorisation.
	tabling member printed	Lord Browne of Belmont
	uin	HL554
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 29/01/2020 answer text <p>The law responds to hate crime in four ways by:</p><ul><li>providing for additional “aggravated” offences with longer sentences in the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 if an offender demonstrated hostility or was motivated by hostility based on race or religion.</li><li>prohibiting conduct that is likely to stir up hatred on grounds of race, or intended to do so on grounds of religion or sexual orientation in the Public Order Act 1986.</li><li>providing for enhanced sentencing under sections 145 and 146 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 if hostility is motivated by any of the five protected characteristics: disability, transgender status, race, religion or sexual orientation; and</li><li>providing Sentencing guidelines. Section 125(1) of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 requires that a sentencing judge must follow any sentencing guideline which is relevant to their case. This includes, for example, consideration of whether the offence was motivated by racial or religious hostility, or if it was motivated by or demonstrated hostility towards the victim based on one or more of several of the victim’s characteristics: age, sex, gender identity (or presumed gender identity), disability (or presumed disability) or sexual orientation.</li></ul><p>The Government have invited the Law Commission to review the law relating to hate crime and to make recommendations to the Government for its reform. The review began in March 2019.</p><p> </p><p>Specifically, the Law Commission have been asked to consider the current range of offences and aggravating factors in sentencing, and to make recommendations on the most appropriate models to ensure that the criminal law provides consistent and effective protection from conduct motivated by hatred towards protected groups or characteristics. The review will also take account of the existing range of protected characteristics, identifying any gaps in the scope of protection currently offered under the law and making recommendations to promote a consistent approach.</p><p> </p><p>The Law Commission plan to issue a consultation on this matter in early 2020. Further information on the review can be found on the Law Commission webpage at: <a href="https://www.lawcom.gov.uk/project/hate-crime/" target="_blank">https://www.lawcom.gov.uk/project/hate-crime/</a></p> answering member printed Lord Keen of Elie question first answered 29/01/2020 13:53:46 answering member 4538 label Biography information for Lord Keen of Elie
	tabling member	3801 label Biography information for Lord Browne of Belmont

752415

	registered interest
	date	17/07/2017
	answering body	Ministry of Justice
	answering dept id	54
	answering dept short name	Justice
	answering dept sort name	Justice
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	Her Majesty's Government what plans they have to report any solicitor firms that have been engaged in fraudulent claims alleging food poisoning of British holidaymakers on holiday overseas to the NCA for investigation of conspiracy and fraud.
	tabling member printed	Lord Blencathra
	uin	HL861
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 26/07/2017 answer text <p>On 9 July the Government announced the action it is taking to tackle the apparent increase in claims for gastric illness by holidaymakers.</p><p> </p><p>It is for individual regulators including the Solicitors Regulation Authority and the Claims Management Regulation Unit to take disciplinary action where rules of conduct have been broken. Regulators can and do refer cases to the police for investigation where they believe that a criminal offence may have been committed.</p> answering member printed Lord Keen of Elie question first answered 26/07/2017 13:16:05 answering member 4538 label Biography information for Lord Keen of Elie
	tabling member	497 label Biography information for Lord Blencathra

752433

	registered interest
	date	17/07/2017
	answering body	Ministry of Justice
	answering dept id	54
	answering dept short name	Justice
	answering dept sort name	Justice
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	Her Majesty's Government what is the latest figure for self-inflicted deaths in prisons in the UK; and what steps they are taking to reduce them.
	tabling member printed	Lord Harries of Pentregarth
	uin	HL879
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 31/07/2017 answer text <p>The Government publishes statistics on deaths in custody quarterly, and updated detailed tables annually. These figures cover only England and Wales. They can be viewed at:</p><p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/632625/safety-in-custody-quarterly-bulletin-mar-2017.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/632625/safety-in-custody-quarterly-bulletin-mar-2017.pdf</a></p><p> </p><p>In the twelve months to June 2017, there were 97 apparent self-inflicted deaths in custody.</p><p> </p><p>Improving safety is a priority for this Government. We are investing £100m a year to strengthen the frontline by recruiting around 2,500 more prison officers by the end of 2018. We are rolling out improved training across the estate for staff on suicide and self-harm reduction and have put in place specialist roles - regional safer custody leads - in every region to provide advice to prisons and to spread good practice on identifying and supporting prisoners at risk. We are providing grant funding to the Samaritans to support the prisoner Listener scheme and are providing an additional funding in 2017-18 to fund a number of other projects, including a learning tool for staff and emotional resilience training for prisoners.</p> answering member printed Lord Keen of Elie question first answered 31/07/2017 08:43:37 answering member 4538 label Biography information for Lord Keen of Elie
	tabling member	3813 label Biography information for Lord Harries of Pentregarth

748025

	registered interest
	date	04/07/2017
	answering body	Ministry of Justice
	answering dept id	54
	answering dept short name	Justice
	answering dept sort name	Justice
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	Her Majesty's Government during the last 12 months, how many prisoners sentenced to an indeterminate sentence of Imprisonment for Public Protection were (1) offered places on a training course which could lead to their release, (2) were released following completion of such training courses, and (3) refused to take up a place or dropped out of such courses; and how those figures compare with those for the preceding 12 month period.
	tabling member printed	Lord Wigley
	uin	HL479
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 18/07/2017 answer text <p>The information requested could be provided only at disproportionate cost as central records are not kept for all aspects of the management of prisoners sentenced to an indeterminate sentence of Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP).</p><p> </p><p>HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) and the Parole Board will continue to work together to improve the progression of IPP prisoners. This group continue to achieve release in high numbers, with 576 first time IPP releases in 2016, the highest figure since the sentence was introduced.</p><p> </p><p>HMPPS will continue to invest in interventions to assist prisoners to both reduce their risk and demonstrate such progression to the Parole Board. However, it is important to remember that it is not mandatory for IPPs to complete accredited offending behaviour programmes in order to achieve release. Completing an accredited offending behaviour programme is one way in which IPP prisoners may demonstrate that they have reduced their risk of harm and reoffending; other options may include work and employment, education and one to one work with psychologists or prison offender supervisors.</p> answering member printed Lord Keen of Elie question first answered 18/07/2017 16:25:18 answering member 4538 label Biography information for Lord Keen of Elie
	tabling member	547 label Biography information for Lord Wigley

747378

	registered interest
	date	03/07/2017
	answering body	Ministry of Justice
	answering dept id	54
	answering dept short name	Justice
	answering dept sort name	Justice
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	Her Majesty's Government whether they are planning to extend the remit of the proposed public advocate in cases of public disaster to other areas of bereavement and its consequences.
	tabling member printed	Lord Eames
	uin	HL342
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 17/07/2017 answer text <p>We will consult in the autumn on detailed proposals as to the Independent Public Advocate’s powers, duties and functions.</p> answering member printed Lord Keen of Elie question first answered 17/07/2017 15:17:13 answering member 4538 label Biography information for Lord Keen of Elie
	tabling member	2793 label Biography information for Lord Eames

747414

	registered interest
	date	03/07/2017
	answering body	Ministry of Justice
	answering dept id	54
	answering dept short name	Justice
	answering dept sort name	Justice
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	Her Majesty's Government whether all government funded bodies are required to comply with the European Convention on Human Rights, and the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe guidelines on human rights, and if so who monitors their compliance.
	tabling member printed	Lord Laird
	uin	HL378
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 17/07/2017 answer text <p>Under international law, the United Kingdom has undertaken to comply with the European Convention on Human Rights. The Human Rights Act 1998 gives further effect in domestic law to certain rights and freedoms drawn from the Convention, called the Convention rights. Section 6(1) of the Act makes it unlawful for a public authority to act in a way which is incompatible with a Convention right. Under section 6(3), “public authority” is defined as including a court or tribunal, and “any person certain of whose function are functions of a public nature”; but does not include either House of Parliament or a person exercising functions in connection with proceedings in Parliament. Section 73(2) of the Care Act 2011 additionally specifies that a provider of regulated care and support that has been arranged or paid for by a local authority or Health and Social Care trust is also to be taken as exercising a function of a public nature for the purposes of the Human Rights Act. Any allegation that a public authority has acted incompatibly with a Convention right may be brought to court as specified in section 7 of the Act.</p><p> </p><p>Guidelines produced by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe are not legally binding.</p> answering member printed Lord Keen of Elie question first answered 17/07/2017 15:17:45 answering member 4538 label Biography information for Lord Keen of Elie
	tabling member	2479 label Biography information for Lord Laird

746644

	registered interest
	date	29/06/2017
	answering body	Ministry of Justice
	answering dept id	54
	answering dept short name	Justice
	answering dept sort name	Justice
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	Her Majesty's Government what is the average total cost to (1) local authorities, (2) health authorities, (3) local education authorities, and (4) the courts, of prosecuting an unfounded case of Munchausen's syndrome by proxy.
	tabling member printed	The Countess of Mar
	uin	HL275
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 13/07/2017 answer text <p>The information requested is not held.</p> answering member printed Lord Keen of Elie question first answered 13/07/2017 15:40:06 answering member 4538 label Biography information for Lord Keen of Elie
	tabling member	1861 label Biography information for The Countess of Mar

746083

	registered interest
	date	28/06/2017
	answering body	Ministry of Justice
	answering dept id	54
	answering dept short name	Justice
	answering dept sort name	Justice
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	Her Majesty's Government, how much legal aid was paid to England based solicitors of John Downey, who was accused of killing four soldiers in the 1982 IRA bombing in Hyde Park; over what period; and who were the solicitors and barristers instructed on his behalf.
	tabling member printed	Lord Laird
	uin	HL225
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 12/07/2017 answer text <p>Anyone facing a Crown Court trial is eligible for legal aid, subject to a strict means test.</p><p> </p><p>The table below shows the legal aid paid to represent John Downey for representation at the police station and in court between May 2013-December 2014:</p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><strong>Criminal Legal representation at</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Provider Type</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Provider Name</strong></p></td><td><p><strong> </strong></p></td><td><p><strong>Total</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Police station</p></td><td rowspan="2"><p>Solicitor</p></td><td rowspan="2"><p>Birnberg Peirce LTD</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p>£293.40</p></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3"><p>Crown court trial costs</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p>£18,412.07</p></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><p>Barrister</p></td><td><p>Henry Blaxland QC</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p>£20,089.00</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mark J Summers</p></td><td><p> </p></td><td><p>£12,966.79</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><p><strong>Total costs</strong></p></td><td><p><strong> </strong></p></td><td><p><strong>£51,761.26</strong></p></td></tr></tbody></table><p> </p> answering member printed Lord Keen of Elie question first answered 12/07/2017 15:30:16 answering member 4538 label Biography information for Lord Keen of Elie
	tabling member	2479 label Biography information for Lord Laird

733195

	registered interest
	date	27/06/2017
	answering body	Ministry of Justice
	answering dept id	54
	answering dept short name	Justice
	answering dept sort name	Justice
	house id	2
	legislature	25277 pref label House of Lords
	question text	Her Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the effectiveness of deterrent sentences in reducing knife crime.
	tabling member printed	Lord Allen of Kensington
	uin	HL189
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 11/07/2017 answer text <p>The government continues to monitor sentencing for bladed and offensive weapon offences and will keep under review the effectiveness of changes in the law relating to knives and offensive weapons.</p><p> </p><p>The latest knife possession sentencing quarterly statistics bulletin was published on 8 June 2017 and is available at: <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/617646/knife-possession-sentencing-quarterly-jan-mar-2017.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/617646/knife-possession-sentencing-quarterly-jan-mar-2017.pdf</a></p><p> </p><p>In regard to repeat offending for knife possession offences, the latest statistics show that 86% of adult repeat offenders received a custodial sentence. This figure increased by 2 percentage points when compared to the same quarter in the previous year for offenders convicted under section 22 of the Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015 (minimum sentence of 6 months for a second or subsequent knife possession offence). The number of repeat knife possession sentencing occasions increased from 837 in Q1 2016 to an estimated 1,129 cases Q1 2017. Those offenders receiving an immediate custodial sentence had an average sentence length of 7.2 months.</p> answering member printed Lord Keen of Elie question first answered 11/07/2017 14:31:27 answering member 4538 label Biography information for Lord Keen of Elie attachment 1 file name PQ HL189 knife possession sentencing quarterly jan-mar 2017.pdf title Knife Posession sentencing quarterly jan-mar 2017
	tabling member	4304 label Biography information for Lord Allen of Kensington