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1125599

	registered interest
	date	09/05/2019
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Air Pollution
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what assessment he has made of the wind speed required to disperse (a) PM 0.1 and (b) PM 1 particles from the place where they are emitted.
	tabling member constituency	Stroud
	tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
	uin	252475
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 16/05/2019 answer text <p>In 2018 the Government commissioned the Air Quality Expert Group to write a detailed report on ultrafine particles, which include PM 0.1 and PM 1.0. This report describes extensive research assessing the factors that affect the formation and dispersion of PM0.1 and PM1.0, including wind speed.</p><p> </p><p>This report is available at <a href="https://uk-ir.defra.gov.uk/library/reports.php?report_id=968" target="_blank">https://uk-ir.defra.gov.uk/library/reports.php?report_id=968</a></p> answering member constituency Suffolk Coastal answering member printed Dr Thérèse Coffey question first answered 16/05/2019 12:12:13 answering member 4098 label Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey
	tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1110292

	registered interest
	date	08/04/2019
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Sites of Special Scientific Interest
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what the average number of Sites of Special Scientific Interest allocated to each responsible officer in Natural England has been in each year since 2008.
	tabling member constituency	Stroud
	tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
	uin	241998
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 11/04/2019 answer text <p>The information is not held in the form requested. However, the current resource estimate for Natural England staff working specifically on the 4,126 SSSIs in England is 133 full time equivalents, plus staff working on development planning advice and agri-environment agreements that involve SSSIs. It is not possible to supply the corresponding data for previous years.</p> answering member constituency Suffolk Coastal answering member printed Dr Thérèse Coffey question first answered 11/04/2019 15:16:31 answering member 4098 label Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey
	tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1109348

	registered interest
	date	03/04/2019
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Water Abstraction
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, if he will review the water abstraction plan.
	tabling member constituency	Stroud
	tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
	uin	240474
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 08/04/2019 answer text <p>The Government will review its abstraction plan in 2021. A report to Parliament on the progress on abstraction since 2014, will be published later this year.</p> answering member constituency Suffolk Coastal answering member printed Dr Thérèse Coffey question first answered 08/04/2019 12:59:05 answering member 4098 label Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey
	tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1092677

	registered interest
	date	21/03/2019
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Pigs
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what steps his Department is taking to update the feral pig code in England.
	tabling member constituency	Stroud
	tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
	uin	235242
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 29/03/2019 answer text <p>There is no feral pig code in England.</p> answering member constituency Suffolk Coastal answering member printed Dr Thérèse Coffey question first answered 29/03/2019 10:48:49 answering member 4098 label Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey
	tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1056028

	registered interest
	date	06/02/2019
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Rural Areas: Poverty
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, how the Government measures rural poverty; what steps the Government is taking to tackle rural poverty; and what plans the Government has to include rural poverty in its policies on rural proofing.
	tabling member constituency	Stroud
	tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
	uin	217435
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 11/02/2019 answer text <p>The Government uses a range of measures of poverty, including relative and absolute low income. 16 per cent of rural households were in relative low income before housing costs, compared with 18 per cent of urban households. After housing costs, the gap widens, with 17 per cent of rural households in relative low income compared with 24 per cent of urban households.</p><p> </p><p>Government policy is based on economic prosperity and helping people out of poverty wherever they live. In October 2018 the Government announcement that it had accepted in full the recommendations the Low Pay Commission made for future minimum wage rates. These future rates were announced by the Chancellor in the Budget. The National Living Wage will increase by 4.9% to £8.21 per hour and rates for younger workers will also increase above inflation and average earnings from 1 April 2019.</p><p> </p><p>In the Government’s response to the House of Lords’ report on the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act, the Government reiterated its commitment to rural proofing policies from the earliest stages across all departments. There is a continuous dialogue between Defra and other government departments on rural proofing policies. This includes policies that address poverty and other social issues.</p> answering member constituency Suffolk Coastal answering member printed Dr Thérèse Coffey question first answered 11/02/2019 14:44:20 answering member 4098 label Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey
	tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1055013

	registered interest
	date	05/02/2019
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Air Pollution
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to his Answer of 4 February 2019 to Question 213914 and with reference to page 11 of the 2018 report of the Air Quality Expert Group (AQEG) entitled Ultrafine Particles (UFP) in the UK, if he will list the studies that the AQEG report states show highly effective removal of UFP by their pollution control systems.
	tabling member constituency	Stroud
	tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
	uin	216917
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 11/02/2019 answer text <p>The 2018 Air Quality Expert Group (AQEG) report ‘Ultrafine Particles (UFP) in the UK’, lists a number of studies that show highly effective removal of UFP by their pollution control systems. The references for these are:</p><p> </p><ul><li>Hinds, W. C. Aerosol Technology. Wiley, New York, 1999.</li></ul><p> </p><ul><li>Johnson, D. R. Nanometer-sized emissions from municipal waste incinerators: A qualitative risk assessment. J. Hazard. Mater, 320, 67-79, 2016.</li></ul><p> </p><ul><li>Jones, A. M., Harrison, R. M. Emission of ultrafine particles from the incineration of municipal solid waste; a review. Atmos. Environ., 140, 519-528, 2016.</li></ul> answering member constituency Suffolk Coastal answering member printed Dr Thérèse Coffey question first answered 11/02/2019 13:05:21 answering member 4098 label Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey
	tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1052353

	registered interest
	date	31/01/2019
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Coal Fired Power Stations and Incinerators: Health Hazards
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, whether (a) his Department or (b) Public Health England has (i) undertaken or (ii) made an assessment of any studies that compare the effectiveness of the different methods of filtering pollutants used in (A) waste incinerators and (B) coal fired power stations for protecting human health.
	tabling member constituency	Stroud
	tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
	uin	215080
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 07/02/2019 answer text <p>No such studies have been undertaken by the Environment Agency or Public Health England, nor any assessments made of such studies.</p><p> </p> answering member constituency Suffolk Coastal answering member printed Dr Thérèse Coffey question first answered 07/02/2019 11:08:40 answering member 4098 label Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey
	tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1050060

	registered interest
	date	29/01/2019
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Incinerators
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, whether he made an assessment of the implications for his policies of the results of the study entitled Characterisation of elemental in PM2.5 in a medium sized Swedish city dominated by a modern waste incinerator plant published in X-Ray Spectrometry in 2006 which showed that between 17 per cent and 32 per cent of PM2.5 emissions landed within 1km of the site.
	tabling member constituency	Stroud
	tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
	uin	213204
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 01/02/2019 answer text <p>No such assessment has been made.</p><p> </p> answering member constituency Suffolk Coastal answering member printed Dr Thérèse Coffey question first answered 01/02/2019 13:37:51 answering member 4098 label Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey
	tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1050414

	registered interest
	date	29/01/2019
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Air Pollution
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, for what reasons the Clean Air Strategy 2018 does not discuss PM1 and PM0.1; and what evidence his Department has on the safety to human health of (a) those particles and (b) urban air quality.
	tabling member constituency	Stroud
	tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
	uin	213914
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 04/02/2019 answer text <p>The Clean Air Strategy 2019 sets out our proposals for meeting our legally binding emissions ceilings for five key pollutants – fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>), sulphur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>), ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) and non-methane volatile organic compounds.</p><p> </p><p>The pollutant with the strongest evidence for impacts on human health is PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Many of the sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub> are also responsible for PM<sub>1</sub> and PM<sub>0.1</sub>, and so our actions to reduce emissions of fine particulate matter will have positive benefits for the emissions of even smaller particles. The other four pollutants also often undergo chemical reactions in the air, becoming PM<sub>1</sub> or PM<sub>0.1</sub> particles. The reductions in the emissions of these pollutants will result in less pollution to undergo these reactions, and therefore fewer PM<sub>1</sub> or PM<sub>0.1</sub> particles formed in the air.</p><p> </p><p>a) While we have not made an assessment of the impact on health of PM<sub>1</sub>, the independent Air Quality Expert Group published a report into PM<sub>0.1</sub> particles (known as ultrafine particulate matter) which is available on Defra’s UK-AIR website.</p><p> </p><p>b) Defra does not report on the health effects of urban air quality specifically, but we do carry out assessments of air quality nationally. The quality of our air is improving nationwide, with lower emissions and lower concentrations, and much of the decrease in emissions has been in urban areas. Our Clean Air Strategy is emission-source focused, and as urban areas are often where there are most sources, these are the areas that will experience the biggest benefits from the Strategy.</p> answering member constituency Suffolk Coastal answering member printed Dr Thérèse Coffey question first answered 04/02/2019 17:46:56 answering member 4098 label Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey
	tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew

1050415

	registered interest
	date	29/01/2019
	answering body	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept id	13
	answering dept short name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	answering dept sort name	Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
	hansard heading	Incinerators
	house id	1
	legislature	25259 pref label House of Commons
	question text	To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what assessment he has made of the effectiveness of filter bags in waste incinerators in safely capturing pollutants (a) PM 0.1 and (b) PM1.
	tabling member constituency	Stroud
	tabling member printed	Dr David Drew
	uin	213915
	answer	answer is ministerial correction date of answer 04/02/2019 answer text <p>Bag filters are recognised by the European Best Available Techniques (BAT) reference notes (BREF notes) to be one of the best techniques for abating dust emissions from incinerators, where dust means particulate matter of all sizes, including PM<sub>1.0 </sub>and PM<sub>0.1</sub>. This is reflected in both the current BREF note for Waste Incineration, and the final draft of the new BREF note which is due to be published later this year.</p><p> </p><p>In addition to a requirement to use BAT to abate their dust emissions, operators of all incinerators are required to carry out air quality modelling as part of their application for an environmental permit, which is then checked and assessed by the Environment Agency to ensure that the plant will not have an unacceptable impact on the environment or human health. This includes modelling to determine the highest concentration of ground-level PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5 </sub>concentrations. PM<sub>10</sub> means all particulate matter with a diameter of 10 micrometres (μm) or less, and PM<sub>2.5 </sub>means 2.5 μm or less. Therefore both PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5 </sub>include PM<sub>1</sub> and PM<sub>0.1</sub>.</p><p> </p> answering member constituency Suffolk Coastal answering member printed Dr Thérèse Coffey question first answered 04/02/2019 17:26:19 answering member 4098 label Biography information for Dr Thérèse Coffey
	tabling member	252 label Biography information for Dr David Drew