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<p>Raising standards is at the heart of this government’s agenda and, since 2010,
the number of schools rated ‘good’ or ‘outstanding’ has risen to 90% from 68%. The
Progress in International Reading Study (PIRLS) 2021 showed that English primary school
children are the best in the western world and were ranked 4<sup>th</sup> out of 43
comparable countries. While the pandemic affected the study, the Programme for International
School Assessment 2022 also showed that 15 year old pupils in England performed above
the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and development (OECD) average and are
now 11<sup>th</sup> in maths and 13<sup>th</sup> in reading and science. This was
up from 27<sup>th</sup> in maths, 25<sup>th</sup> in reading and 16<sup>th</sup> in
science in 2009.</p><p>The department has invested significantly to provide a world
class education system, ensuring an excellent teacher for every child, high standards
of curriculum attendance and behaviour, targeted support for every child that needs
it and a stronger and fairer schools system. The overall core schools budget, including
the recently announced additional pensions funding, will total £60.7 billion in 2024/25,
which is the highest ever level in real terms per pupil. This means school funding
will have risen by £11 billion by 2024/25 compared to 2021/22.</p><p>The funding breakdown
requested since 2019/20 is included below. Figures for the 2023/24 financial year
are subject to ongoing data collection and reconciliation and therefore we have not
included this year in the table. The department reviews Initial Teacher Training (ITT)
bursaries each year to determine the offer for trainees starting ITT the following
academic year. In doing this, the department takes into account a number of factors
including historic recruitment, forecast economic conditions and teacher supply need
in each subject. The department focuses its funded Subject Knowledge Enhancement (SKE)
courses in its highest priority subjects with the greatest sufficiency challenges.</p><p>In
addition to the funding outlined in the table below, the department also offers national
professional qualifications (NPQs), including specialist NPQs in leading literacy
and leading primary mathematics. Details on scholarship funding available for autumn
2024 is available here: <a href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/funding-for-national-professional-qualifications-npqs"
target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/guidance/funding-for-national-professional-qualifications-npqs</a>.</p><p>The
quality of teaching is the single most important, in-school factor for improving pupil
outcomes and it is particularly important for pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds.
The department is creating a world-class teacher development system, which builds
from ITT, through to early career support, specialisation and onto school leadership.</p><table><tbody><tr><td
colspan="2"><p><strong>Financial year</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2019/20</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2020/21</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2021/22</strong></p></td><td><p><strong>2022/23</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td
colspan="2"><p>Subject Knowledge Enhancement Courses<sup>1</sup></p></td><td><p>£28m</p></td><td><p>£24m</p></td><td><p>£14m</p></td><td><p>£10m</p></td></tr><tr><td
colspan="2"><p>Oak National Academy resources<sup>2</sup></p></td><td><p>N/A</p></td><td><p>£4m</p></td><td><p>£4m</p></td><td><p>£7m</p></td></tr><tr><td
rowspan="4"><p>Subject hubs<sup>3</sup></p></td><td><p>English Hubs</p></td><td><p>£11m</p></td><td><p>£11m</p></td><td><p>£19m</p></td><td><p>£24m</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Maths
Hubs</p></td><td><p>£27m</p></td><td><p>£25m</p></td><td><p>£16m</p></td><td><p>£28m</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Science
Hubs</p></td><td><p>£9m</p></td><td><p>£9m</p></td><td><p>£8m</p></td><td><p>£9m</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Music
Hubs</p></td><td><p>£76m</p></td><td><p>£76m</p></td><td><p>£76m</p></td><td><p>£76m</p></td></tr><tr><td
rowspan="6"><p>ITT Bursaries and Scholarships<sup> 4</sup></p></td><td><p>Maths and
Numeracy</p></td><td><p>£35m</p></td><td><p>£50m</p></td><td><p>£53m</p></td><td><p>£41m</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>English
and literacy</p></td><td><p>£33m</p></td><td><p>£31m</p></td><td><p>£10m</p></td><td><p>£0m</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Science<sup>5</sup></p></td><td><p>£72m</p></td><td><p>£77m</p></td><td><p>£52m</p></td><td><p>£33m</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Music</p></td><td><p>£2m</p></td><td><p>£3m</p></td><td><p>£1m</p></td><td><p>£0m</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>History</p></td><td><p>£11m</p></td><td><p>£14m</p></td><td><p>£4m</p></td><td><p>£0m</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Religious
Education</p></td><td><p>£3m</p></td><td><p>£4m</p></td><td><p>£2m</p></td><td><p>£0m</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p>
</p><p>1. Due to the way the department allocated funding, it does not have historic
data on SKE spending by subject. This total includes all SKE funding, regardless of
subject</p><p>2. Oak was incubated by The Reach Foundation and predominantly funded
through a department grant until 31 August 2022. The 2023/24 financial year is Oak’s
arm’s length body allocated budget as 2023/24 actuals are not yet available. The funding
for Oak National Academy covers the creation of curriculum resources across all national
curriculum subjects for Key Stages 1 to 4</p><p>3. Where subject hubs are part of
a contract with a supplier, we have included all contract costs, including those not
directly for subject hubs but for other Career Progress Development (CPD) or central
programme management. The department changed the way Maths Hubs were funded in the
2021/22 academic year, resulting in a visual drop by financial year but not across
the academic years. The department also has subject hubs in computing and languages
which are not shown in these figures but are included in total subject hub figures
set out in <a href="https://questions-statements.parliament.uk/written-questions/detail/2024-03-26/20499"
target="_blank">WPQ 20499</a></p><p>4. ITT bursaries are paid and assured by academic
year rather than financial year. The figures provided for each financial year have
been calculated by prorating the total spend for the relevant academic years that
the financial year spans. Academic years 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 are subject to ongoing
data collection and reconciliation and the figures provided may therefore be subject
to change</p><p>5. Trainees on general science ITT courses are not eligible for bursaries.
However, bursaries are available for biology, chemistry, and physics specialism courses.
The figures provided for science are the total spend across the three individual sciences.</p>
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